Unyanzvi Kurwisa Drones

NaKelly Kelly, The Progressive, May 13, 2021

PaHigh Line, inokwezva vashanyi muNew York City, vashanyi kumadokero kweLower Manhattan vanokwira pamusoro pegwara remugwagwa kuenda kune yaimbove yakakwidza njanji yezvitima uye ikozvino nzendo dzakadzikama uye dzinovaka. Pano vanofamba nakidzwa paki-senge yakavhurika kwavanogona kuwana runako rweguta, hunyanzvi, uye kushamisika kweshamwari.

Mukupera kwaMay, Predator drone replica, inoonekwa nekukasira pamusoro peiyo High Line promenade pa30th Street, ingaite sekutarisa vanhu pazasi. "Kutarisa" kwechivezwa, chena chakavezwa naSam Durant, chinonzi "Isina musoro (drone)," muchimiro cheuto remauto eU.S. hombe yesimbi pole, kwainotungamirwa kunotungamirirwa nemhepo.

Kusiyana neiyo Predator chaiye, haizotakure zvombo zviviri zveGehena remoto uye kamera yekutarisisa. Dhoni-inounza maficha maficha akasiiwa kubva pane zvakavezwa naDurant. Zvakangodaro, anotarisira kuti ichaunza hurukuro.

"Isina zita (drone)" inoitirwa kwanisa mibvunzo "nezve kushandiswa kwedrones, kuongorora, uye kuuraya vanhu munzvimbo dziri kure nekure," akadaro Durant mune chirevo "uye kuti sesangano tinobvumirana nazvo uye tinoda kuenderera nemaitiro aya."

Durant inotora hunyanzvi senzvimbo yekutsvaga mikana pamwe nedzimwe nzira.

Muna 2007, chishuwo chakafanana chekumutsa mibvunzo nezve kuuraya kure kwakakurudzira muimbi weNew York Wafaa Bilal, parizvino purofesa paNYU's Tisch Gallery, kuti azvivharire mune cubicle uko, kwemwedzi, uye chero nguva yezuva, anogona kunge ari ari kure akanongedzerwa nependi-bhora pfuti kuputika. Chero ani paInternet akasarudza kumupfura.

Aive bara kanopfuura makumi matanhatu ezviuru nevanhu vanobva kunyika zana nemakumi masere nemasere. Bilal akadana chirongwa ichi "Kunetsana Kwemhuri." Mubhuku rinoguma, Pfura muIraq: Hupenyu Hupenyu uye Kuramba Pasi Pepfuti, Bilal uye munyori-mubatsiri Kary Lydersen vakanyora mhedzisiro inoshamisa ye "Domestic Tension" chirongwa.

Pamwe pamwe nerondedzero dzekurwiswa-pendi-bhora kurwisa Bilal, ivo vakanyora nezvevatori vechikamu veInternet avo panzvimbo pacho vakarwa nemasimba ekuti Bilal asapfurwa. Uye ivo vakatsanangura kufa kwemunin'ina waBilal, Hajj, aive akaurayiwa nendege yekuUS kuhondo pasi mu2004.

Kurwisana nehutambudzo hunotyisa kurufu rwakamwe kamwe rwakanzwikwa nevanhu muIraq yose, Bilal, uyo akakurira muIraq, nechiratidziro ichi akasarudza pamwe nekutya kwakapararira kwekungoerekana, uye pasina yambiro, akarwiswa ari kure. Akazviisa panjodzi kune vanhu vangamushuwira zvakaipa.

Makore matatu gare gare, muna June 2010, Bilal akavandudza "Uye Kuverenga”Basa rekudhirowa umo mugadziri wetato akanyora mazita emaguta makuru eIraq kumusana kwaBilal. Nyanzvi yetato yakazoshandisa tsono yake kuisa "madota einki, zviuru nezviuru zveavo- rimwe nerimwe anomiririra kukuvadzwa kwehondo yeIraq. Iwo madota anoiswa nyora padyo neguta pakafira munhu: inki tsvuku yemasoja eAmerica, inki yeultraviolet yevagari vemuIraq, vasingaonekwe kunze kwekunge vaonekwa pasi pechiedza nhema. "

Bilal, Durant, nevamwe maartist anotibatsira kufunga nezvehondo yeUS yekoloni kurwisa vanhu veIraq nedzimwe nyika vanofanirwa kutendwa. Izvo zvinobatsira kuenzanisa mapurojekiti aBilal naDurant.

Iyo yakachena, isina kucheneswa drone inogona kunge iri fananidzo yakakodzera yehondo yemakumi maviri-yezana ramakore-zana yeUS hondo iyo inogona kunge iri kure zvachose. Vasati vaenda kumba kunodya nevadikanwi vavo, masoja kune rimwe divi repasi anogona kuuraya vanofungidzirwa kuti vanoita zvemakiromita mamaira kubva kunhandare ipi neipi. Vanhu vakaurayiwa nedrone kurwiswa vanogona kunge vari kutyaira mumugwagwa, pamwe vakananga kudzimba dzemhuri.

Nyanzvi dzeUS dzinoongorora mamaira ezvekuongorora kubva kumadhoni emakoni, asi kuongorora kwakadaro hakuratidze ruzivo nezve vanhu vanovavarira drone.

Muchokwadi, sekunyora kwaAndrew Cockburn mu London Review of Books, “Mitemo yefizikiki inomanikidza zvakasikwa zvipingamupinyi yemhando yemifananidzo kubva kumadhoroni ari kure ayo pasina huwandu hwemari hunogona kukunda. Kunze kwekufananidzirwa kubva kumusoro kwakadzika uye mumamiriro ekunze akajeka, vanhu vanoita kunge madota, mota semabhuru asina kujeka. ”

Kune rimwe divi, kutsvagurudzwa kwaBilal kune hukama zvakanyanya, zvichireva kushungurudzika kwevakabatwa. Bilal akatora kurwadziwa kukuru, kusanganisira kurwadziwa kwekutema nyora, kutumidza vanhu mazita avo vane madota anoonekwa kumusana kwake, vanhu vakaurayiwa.

Kufunga nezve "Isina zita (drone)," hazvigadzikane kuyeuka kuti hapana munhu muUS anogona kutumidza makumi matatu evashandi veAfghan. akaurayiwa neUS drone mu2019. Mumwe mutyairi weUS drone akapfura chombo kupinda mumusasa wevashandi vekuAfghan vanoenda kunozorora mushure mezuva rekukohwa nzungu dzemapaini mudunhu reNangarhar kuAfghanistan. Vakawedzera vanhu makumi mana vakakuvara. Kune vatyairi vekuUS drone, vakakuvadzwa vakadaro vanogona kungoonekwa kunge marota.

Munzvimbo zhinji dzehondo, vakashinga kwazvo kodzero dzekodzero dzevanhu vanoisa hupenyu hwavo pangozi kuti vanyora humbowo hwevanhu vanotambura nekukanganiswa kwekodzero dzevanhu zvine chekuita nehondo, kusanganisira kurwisa kwedrone kunorova vanhuwo zvavo. Mwatana weHuman Rights, anogara muYemen, anoongorora kutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu kunoitwa nemapato ese anorwira muYemen. Mune yavo ripoti, "Rufu Ruchidonha Kubva Kudenga, Kukuvadzwa kweVanhu kubva kuUnited States 'Kushandisa Lethal Force muYemen," vanoongorora gumi nemaviri ekurwiswa kwemauto eU.S. muYemen, gumi acho US drone kurwisa, pakati pe2017 na2019.

Chirevo chinoti makumi matatu nemasere vanhu vemuYemeni - varume gumi nevapfumbamwe, vana gumi nevatatu, nevakadzi vatanhatu - vakaurayiwa uye vamwe vanomwe vakakuvara mukurwiswa uku.

Kubva pamushumo, tinodzidza nezveakakosha mabasa avo vakaurayiwa vakatamba semhuri uye nenharaunda. Tinoverenga nezvemhuri dzakashaikwa mari mushure mekuurayiwa kwevanowana mibairo kusanganisira vanochengeta nyuchi, varedzi, vashandi, uye vatyairi. Vadzidzi vakatsanangura mumwe wevarume vakaurayiwa semudzidzisi anodikanwa. Zvakare pakati pevakafa paive nevadzidzi veyunivhesiti uye madzimai epamba. Vadiwa vanochema kufa kweavo vakaurayiwa vachiri kutya kunzwa ruzha rwechidhoni.

Zvino zvave pachena kuti maHouthis muYemen vakakwanisa kushandisa 3-D mhando kugadzira yavo drones iyo yavakadzinga kuyambuka muganho, vachirova tarisiro muSaudi Arabia. Rudzi urwu rwekuwedzera rwakave rwunofungidzirwa zvachose.

IU.S. munguva pfupi yapfuura yakazivisa kuti iri kuronga kutengesa iyo United Arab Emirates makumi mashanu eF-35 jeti dzehondo, gumi nesere Reaper drones, uye akasiyana makomba, mabhomba uye munitions. United Arab Emirates yakashandisa zvombo zvayo kurwisa vanhu vayo uye yakamhanyisa zvinyadzo zvakavanzika mumajere muYemen umo vanhu vanotambudzwa nekutyorwa sevanhu, ramangwana rakamirira chero mutsoropodzi weYemeni wesimba ravo.

Kuiswa kwedrone yakatarisana nevanhu muManhattan kunogona kuvaunza munhaurirano hombe.

Kunze kwenzvimbo zhinji dzemauto zvakachengeteka mukati meUnited States-kubva kwayedzwa madroni kuti ipe rufu pamusoro peIraq, Afghanistan, Yemen, Somalia, Siria, nedzimwe nyika - vanoita zvematongerwo enyika vakagara vachiratidzira zviitiko zvehunyanzvi. Muna 2011, kuHancock Field muSirakuse, varatidziri makumi matatu nevasere vakasungwa nekuda kwe "kufa-mukati" panguva iyo vakangorara pasi, pagedhi, vachizvifukidza nemachira ane ropa.

Musoro wechivezwa chaSam Durant, "Isina zita (drone)," zvinoreva kuti neimwe nzira haina zita, sevazhinji vakaurayiwa neUS Predator drones iyo yakagadzirirwa kufanana.

Vanhu munzvimbo zhinji dzepasi havagone kutaura. Saizvozvo, isu hatitarisane nekutambudzwa kana kufa nekuda kwekuratidzira. Tinogona kutaura nyaya dzevanhu vari kuurawa izvozvi nedrones edu, kana kutarisa kumatenga mukutya kwavo.

Tinofanira kutaura nyaya idzodzo, izvo chaizvo, kune vamiriri vedu vakasarudzwa, kunharaunda dzinotenda, kuvadzidzi, kune vezvenhau uye kumhuri yedu neshamwari. Uye kana iwe uchiziva chero munhu muNew York City, vaudze kuti vatarise Predator drone muManhattan yepasi. Iyi yekunyepedzera drone inogona kutibatsira kurwisana neichoicho uye nekuchimbidza kusundira kwepasi rose kuenda kurambidza mhondi drones.

Kathy Kelly akashanda kweinoda kusvika hafu yezana ramakore kuti apedze hondo dzehondo nehupfumi. Dzimwe nguva, kushingairira kwake kwakamutungamira kunzvimbo dzehondo nematorongo. Anogona kusvikwa pa: Kathy.vcnv@gmail.com.