NaHaig Hovaness, World BEYOND War, May 7, 2023
Yakaratidzwa panguva yaMay 4, 2023, Vietnam kuUkraine: Zvidzidzo zveUS Peace Movement Kurangarira Kent State neJackson State! Webinar inotungamirwa neGreen Party Peace Action Committee; Peoples Network for Planet, Justice & Peace; uye Green Party yeOhio
Nhasi ndichapa mutero kuna Daniel Ellsberg, murume anonzi mumwe wevanoridza muridzo akakosha munhoroondo yeAmerica. Akasiya basa rake uye akaisa rusununguko rwake panjodzi kuti abudise pachena chokwadi nezveHondo yeVietnam uye akapedza makore akatevera achishandira rugare. Muna Kurume Dan akatumira online tsamba achizivisa kuti akaonekwa aine cancer uye anogona kufa gore rino. Iyi inguva yakafanira yokukoshesa basa roupenyu hwake.
Daniel Ellsberg akaberekwa muna 1931 muChicago, Illinois. Akaenda kuHarvard University, kwaakapedza kudzidza summa cum laude uye akazowana PhD mune zvehupfumi. Mushure mekusiya Harvard, akashandira iyo RAND Corporation, tangi yekufunga yaive yakabatanidzwa zvakanyanya mukutsvaga kwemauto. Pakanga pari panguva yake kuRAND apo Ellsberg akapinda muHondo yeVietnam.
Pakutanga, Ellsberg akatsigira hondo. Asi sezvaakatanga kunyatsodzidza nezvehondo yacho, uye pashure pokunge ataura nevadzivisi vehondo, akawedzera kuodzwa mwoyo. Akaona kuti hurumende yainyepera vanhu vokuAmerica nezvokufambira mberi kwehondo, uye akagutsikana kuti hondo yacho yakanga isingakundiki.
Muna 1969, Ellsberg akaita danho rekuburitsa Pentagon Mapepa, chidzidzo chepamusoro-chakavanzika cheHondo yeVietnam iyo yakanga yatumwa neDhipatimendi reDziviriro. Ongororo iyi yakaratidza kuti hurumende yakanga yanyepera vanhu vekuAmerica nezvekufambira mberi kwehondo, uye yakaratidza kuti hurumende yakanga yabatanidzwa mumabasa epachivande muLaos neCambodia.
Mushure mekuedza kusina zvibereko kufadza nhengo dzeCongress mumushumo, akapa magwaro kuNew York Times, iyo yakabudisa zvinyorwa muna 1971. akanyepera vanhu vekuAmerica nezvekufambira mberi uye zvinangwa zvehondo.
Pentagon Papers yakaratidza kuti hurumende yeUS yakawedzera kupinda kwayo muchiuto muVietnam muchivande pasina zano rakajeka rekukunda. Mapepa aya akaburitsawo pachena kuti vakuru vakuru vehurumende vakatsausa veruzhinji nemaune nezvekwakanga kwakaita kurwisana uku, kukura kwakaita mauto eUnited States kuhondo, uye tarisiro yebudiriro.
Kudhindwa kwePentagon Papers kwaive nguva yekuchinja munhoroondo yeAmerica. Yakaburitsa manyepo ehurumende pamusoro pehondo uye yakazunza kutenda kwevanhu vekuAmerica muvatungamiriri vavo. Zvakazoitawo kuti Dare Repamusorosoro ripe mutongo waitsigira kodzero yevezvenhau kuti vabudise mashoko akavanzika.
Zvakaitwa naEllsberg zvakava nemigumisiro yakakomba. Akapomerwa mhosva yekuba uye yeusori, uye akatarisana nemukana wekugara mujeri kweupenyu hwake hwose. Asi zvinhu zvinoshamisa, mhosva yavaipomerwa yakaraswa apo zvakabuda pachena kuti hurumende yakanga yaita zvekuvabaya nenhare zvisiri pamutemo uye nedzimwe nzira dzekuongorora. Kudonhedzwa kwemhosva yaipomerwa Ellsberg kwaive kukunda kwakakosha kwevanoridza muridzo uye rusununguko rwenhau, uye zvakasimbisa kukosha kwekubuda pachena kwehurumende uye kuzvidavirira.
Hushingi hwaEllsberg uye kuzvipira kuchokwadi kwakamuita gamba kune vanorwira runyararo uye izwi rine mukurumbira munharaunda inorwisa hondo. Kwemakumi emakore Akaramba achitaura nezvehondo, rugare, uye kuvanzika kwehurumende. Aive mushoropodzi wehondo muIraq neAfghanistan, uye anoramba achitsoropodza mutemo weUS wemauto ekunze ari kukurudzira nekusimudzira kurwisana kwepfuti mumatunhu mazhinji nhasi.
Kuburitswa kwePentagon Papers kwakavharidzira kuedza kwakafanana kwaEllsberg kufumura mhedzisiro ine njodzi yekuronga zvombo zvenyukireya zveAmerica. Muma1970, kuyedza kwake kuburitsa zvinhu zvakaiswa panjodzi yehondo yenyukireya zvakakanganisika nekurasikirwa netsaona kwegwaro rezvinyorwa zvine chekuita nekutyisidzira kwenyukireya. Pakupedzisira akakwanisa kuunganidzazve ruzivo urwu ndokurushambadza muna 2017 mubhuku, "The Doomsday Machine."
“The Doomsday Machine,” kufumurwa kwakadzama kwegwaro rehondo yenyukireya yehurumende yeUS munguva yeHondo Yemashoko. Ellsberg anoratidza kuti US yaive nemutemo wekushandisa zvombo zvenyukireya preemptively, kusanganisira kurwisa nyika dzisiri dzenyukireya, uye kuti mutemo uyu wakaramba uchishanda kunyangwe kupera kweCold War. Akaratidzawo kuti US yaigara ichityisidzira vavengi nekushandisa zvombo zvenyukireya. Ellsberg akafumura tsika ine njodzi yekuvanzika uye kushaikwa kwekuzvidavirira kwakatenderedza US nuclear policy, Akaratidza kuti US yakagadzira hurongwa hwe "kutanga kurova" kurwisa kwenyukireya kuSoviet Union, kunyangwe pakange pasina kurwiswa kweSoviet, kwaanopokana. zvakakonzera kufa kwemamiriyoni evanhu. Ellsberg akaburitsa pachena kuti hurumende yeUS yakapa masimba ekushandisa zvombo zvenyukireya zvakanyanya kupfuura zvaizivikanwa neveruzhinji, zvichiwedzera njodzi yehondo yenyukireya netsaona. Akataura kuti zvombo zvenyukireya zveUnited States zvisinganyatso fambiswa zvakanaka zvinoumba “muchina wezuva rekuparadzwa” waimiririra njodzi iripo kuvanhu. Bhuku racho rinopa yambiro yakasimba pamusoro pengozi dzezvombo zvenyukireya uye kudiwa kwekubuda pachena kukuru uye kuzvidavirira mumutemo wenyukireya kudzivirira njodzi yepasi rose.
Basa iro Dan Ellsberg raakapa nguva zhinji yehupenyu hwake rinoramba risati rapera. Zvishoma zvachinja mumhirizhonga yekune dzimwe nyika mutemo weUnited States kubva panguva yeVietnam. Ngozi yehondo yenyukireya yakakura kupfuura kare; Hondo yevamiririri veNATO iri kuitika muEurope; uye Washington iri kuita mhirizhonga ine chinangwa chekutanga hondo neChina pamusoro peTaiwan. Senguva yeVietnam, hurumende yedu inonyepa nezve zviito zvayo uye inovanza zviitiko zvine njodzi kuseri kwemadziro ekuvanzika uye nhepfenyuro yenhau.
Nhasi, hurumende yeUS iri kuramba ichimhan'arira vanoridza mhere zvine hukasha. Vazhinji vakasungwa uye vamwe, saEdward Snowden, vakatiza kuti vadzivise miedzo. Julian Assange anoenderera mberi achionda mutirongo achimirira kuendeswa kunze kwenyika uye kugariswa mujeri kweupenyu hwose. Asi, mumashoko aAssange, hushingi hunotapukira, uye kuvuza kunoenderera mberi sezvo misikanzwa yehurumende inoburitswa nevanhu vane tsika. Ruzivo rwakawanda rwakatorwa neEllsberg kwemaawa akawanda runogona kukopwa nhasi mumaminitsi uye kugovaniswa pasi rese nekukurumidza paInternet. Isu takatoona kuburitswa kwakadaro muchimiro cheruzivo rweUS ruzivo nezvehondo muUkraine ichipokana netarisiro yeruzhinji rweUS. Zviito zvemuenzaniso zvaDan Ellsberg zvinokurudzira zvisingaverengeki zviito zveushingi mune ramangwana muchinangwa cherunyararo.
Ndinoda kugumisa nokurava chikamu chetsamba umo Dan akazivisa kurwara kwake uye kurwara kwake.
Vadikani nevatsigiri.
Ndine nhau dzakaoma dzekutaura. Musi waFebruary 17, pasina yambiro yakawanda, ndakaonekwa kuti ndine kenza yepancreatic isingashande pamusana peCT scan uye MRI. (Senguva dzose nepancreatic cancer-iyo isina zviratidzo zvekutanga-yakawanikwa uchitsvaga chimwe chinhu, chidiki). Ndine hurombo kukuzivisai kuti vanachiremba vangu vandipa mwedzi mitatu kusvika kumitanhatu yekurarama. Chokwadi, vanosimbisa kuti nyaya yomunhu wose ndeyomunhu oga; zvingava zvakawanda, kana zvishoma.
Ndinonzwa rombo rakanaka uye ndinotenda kuti ndakave nehupenyu hwakanaka kwazvo kupfuura chirevo chemakore makumi matanhatu negumi. ( Ndichava namakumi mapfumbamwe namaviri pana April 7.) Ndinonzwa nenzira imwe cheteyo pamusoro pokuva nemwedzi mishomanene yakawanda yokufarikanya upenyu nomudzimai wangu nemhuri, uye umo kupfuurira kuronda nharidzano yokukurumidzira yokushanda navamwe kunzvenga. hondo yenyukireya muUkraine kana Taiwan (kana chero kupi zvako).
Pandakakopa Pentagon Mapepa muna 1969, ndaiva nechikonzero chose chokufunga kuti ndaizopedza upenyu hwangu hwose ndiri mujeri. Aive magumo andaizogamuchira nemufaro kana zvaireva kukurumidza kupera kweHondo yeVietnam, zvisingaite sezvairatidzika (uye zvaive). Asi pakupedzisira, chiitiko ichocho-nenzira dzandisina kufanoona, nekuda kwemhinduro dzaNixon zvisiri pamutemo-chakave nemhedzisiro mukupfupisa hondo. Pamusoro pezvo, nekuda kwemhosva dzaNixon, handina kuvharirwa mutorongo wandaitarisira, uye ndakakwanisa kupedza makore makumi mashanu apfuura naPatricia nemhuri yangu, uye nemi shamwari dzangu.
Pamusoro pazvo, ndakakwanisa kupa makore iwayo kuita zvese zvandaigona kufunga kuti ndizivise nyika nezvenjodzi dzehondo yenyukireya uye kupindira kusiri iko: kugombedzera, kudzidzisa, kunyora uye kubatana nevamwe muzviito zvekuratidzira uye kusapikisa kuramba.
Ndinofara kuziva kuti mamiriyoni evanhu-kusanganisira shamwari neshamwari dzose dzandinotaurira shoko iri!-vane huchenjeri, kuzvipira uye ushingi hwekuenderera mberi nezvikonzero izvi, uye kushanda vasingaregi kuti vararame. nyika yedu nezvisikwa zvayo.
Ndinotenda zvikuru kuva nemukana wekuziva nekushanda nevanhu vakadai, vekare nevemazuva ano. Ndicho chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosheswa zvikuru zvehupenyu hwangu hwakaropafadzwa uye hune rombo rakanaka. Ndinoda kukutendai mose nerudo nerutsigiro rwamakandipa nenzira dzakawanda. Kuzvipira kwako, ushingi, uye kutsunga kuita zvakakurudzira nekuchengetedza kuyedza kwangu.
Chishuvo changu kwauri ndechekuti pakupera kwemazuva ako iwe uchanzwa mufaro uye kutenda sezvandinoita zvino.
Yakasaina, Daniel Ellsberg
Pamberi peimwe yehondo dzeHondo yeVanhu, mumwe mukuru weMubatanidzwa akabvunza varwi vake, "Kana murume uyu akawa, ndiani achasimudza mureza oenderera mberi?" Daniel Ellsberg akatakura neushingi mureza werunyararo. Ndinokukumbirai mose kuti mubatane neni mukusimudza mureza uye kuenderera mberi.
