10 Nzira dzeTrump's Zviito Kupesana neIran Kukuvadza maAmerican neDunhu

NaMedea Benjamin naNicolas JS Davies, Ndira 10, 2020

Kuurayiwa kweUnited States kwaGeneral Qassem Soleimani hakusati kwasvika isu muhondo yakazara neIran nekuda kwemhinduro yehurumende yeIran, iyo yakaratidza kugona kwayo pasina kukuvadza mauto eUS kana kukurira kukakavara. Asi njodzi yehondo yakazara-mhepo ichiripo, uye zvaitwa naDonald Trump zviri kutoparadza.

Njodzi inorwadza yendege yekuUkranian iyo yakasiya 176 ikafa ingave iri yekutanga muenzaniso weizvi, kana zvechokwadi yakapfurwa nejittery Iranian anti-ndege vashandi vanofunga zvisiri izvo ndege yekuUS.

Zvakaitwa naTrump zvinoita kuti dunhu, uye vanhu veAmerica, vachengeteke munzira dzinokosha gumi.

 1. Mhedzisiro yekutanga yekukanganisa kwaTrump inogona kunge iri kuwedzera kwehondo dzehondo dzeUS kuyambuka Middle East yakakura. Kunyange izvi zvakadziviswa muIran yekutanga kudzoreredza, maIraq mauto neHezbollah muRebhanoni vatove nazvo akapika kutsvaga kutsiva kune kufa kwaSoleimani nemauto eIraq. US mauto zvigadziko, mauto ehondo uye inenge 80,000 Mauto eUS mudunhu akagara madhiri ekutsiva neIran, vanobatana navo uye chero rimwe boka rakatsamwiswa nezviito zveUS kana kungo sarudza kubiridzira dambudziko iri rakagadzirwa neUS.

Hondo yekutanga yekuUS yakafira mushure mekutiza kweAmerica uye kuurayiwa muIraq yaive maAmerican matatu akaurayiwa naAl-Shabab kuKenya musi wa5 Ndira. Kuwedzerwa kukwira neUS mukupindura kuIran pamwe nekumwe kurwiswa kwevanhu vekuAmerican kuchafutisa kutenderera uku kwechisimba.

2. US zviito zvehondo muIraq zvakapinda mukati kuwedzera kuderera uye kusagadzikana munharaunda yatove yaparurwa nehondo uye nekuputika. Mubatsiri wepedyo weUS, Saudi Arabia, iri kuona kuyedza kwayo kugadzirisa makakatanwa ayo neQatar neKuwait zvakakandwa munjodzi, uye zvino zvichanetsa kuwana mhinduro yezvematongerwo enyika kuhondo ine njodzi muYemen – uko Saudis neIran vari zvakasiyana mativi emakakatanwa.

Kuurayiwa kwaSoleimani zvakare kunogona kukanganisa chirongwa cherunyararo neTaliban muAfghanistan. Shiite Iran yakagara ichipikisa maSunni Taliban, uye Soleimani akatoshanda neUnited States mushure mekuparadzwa kweTaliban neUS muna 2001. Ikozvino nzvimbo yashanduka. Sezvo United States yanga ichiita hurukuro dzerunyararo nemaTaliban, ndizvo zvakaitawo Iran. MaIrani zvino ava kugona kubatana neTaliban kurwisa United States. Mamiriro ezvinhu akaomarara muAfghanistan anogona kuve anodhirowa muPakistan, mumwe mutambi anokosha mudunhu rine rakakura chiShiite. Ose mahurumende eAfghan nePakistan anazvo vakaratidza kutya kwavo kuti US-Iran kusawirirana kunogona kuendesa chisimba chisingadzoreki pavhu ravo.

Kufanana nedzimwe dzakapfupikiswa uye dzinoparadza US kupindira kuMiddle East, vanopaza vaTrump vanogona kunge vachiputika zvisina kurongeka munzvimbo idzo vanhu vazhinji vekuAmerica vasati vasati vanzwa nezvazvo, vachiisa mutsva wetsvagurudzo dzekune dzimwe nyika dzeUS.

3. Kurwiswa kwaTrump kuIran kunogona chaizvo tsunga muvengi akajairika, iyo Islamic State, iyo inogona kutora mukana wekuvhiringidzika kwakagadzirwa muIraq. Nekutungamira kwehutungamiriri hweGeneral Soleimani, Iran yakabatsira zvakanyanya mukurwisa ISIS, iyo yaive yave pedyo kupwanywa zvachose muna 2018 mushure memakore mana ehondo.

Kuurayiwa kwaSoleimani kunogona kuve chinhu chinobatsira kune vakasara veISIS nekumutsa hasha pakati pevaIraq vachirwisa nemesis yeboka, maAmerican, uye nekugadzira mapoka matsva pakati pemasimba - kusanganisira Iran neUnited States - anga achirwa ISIS. Uye zvakare, mubatanidzwa unotungamirwa neUS uyo wanga uchitsvaga ISIS une "kumbomira"Kurwisa kwavo kurwisa Islamic State kuti vagadzirire vangangoita Irani kurwisa kuIraq magadziriso anotora mauto emubatanidzwa, achipa imwe nzira kuvhurwa kune Islamic State.

 4. Iran yakazivisa kuti iri kubvisa kubva kune zvese zvakarambidzwa kupfumisa uranium izvo zvaive chikamu chebvumirano yenyukireya yeJCPOA ya2015. Iran haina kuzoregedza zvakatemerwa kubva muJCPOA, kana kuramba hutongi hwepasi rese hwechirongwa chenyukireya, asi izvi ndizvo imwe nhanho zvakare mukufumurwa kwechibvumirano chenyukireya iyo nzanga yenyika yakatsigira. VaTrump vaive vakatsunga kudzikisira JCPOA nekudhonza US kunze muna 2018, uye imwe neimwe kusimuka kweUS kwezvikonzero, kutyisidzira uye kushandisa simba kurwisa Iran kunonetesa JCPOA uye kuita kuti kupera kwayo kuwedzere kupunzika.

 5. Vanokanganisa kwaTrump yakaparadza zvaive nesimba shoma iyo US yaive nehurumende yeIraq. Izvi zviri kujeka kubva kuvhoti yapfuura yeParamende yekudzinga mauto eUS. Kunyange mauto eUS asingakwanisi kubva pasina nhaurwa refu, dzakaburitswa, mavhoti zana nemakumi matatu nemaviri (maSunnis naKurds haana kubuda), pamwe nechaunga chikuru chakabudira kumafaro aSoleimani, anoratidza mafambiro kuurayiwa kwakamutsidzira manzwiro akakura ekurwisa-America muIraq.

Kuurayiwa kwakapedzisawo kuparadza Iraq danho rekuzvitonga. Kunyangwe paine kudzvinyirira kwakaipisisa kwakauraya varatidziri vanopfuura mazana mana, vechidiki maIraq vakaungana mu400 kukumbira hurumende itsva isina huori uye kumanikidzwa nemasimba ekunze. Vakabudirira kumanikidza kusiya chigaro kweMutungamiriri, Adil Abdul-Mahdi, asi ivo vanoda kudzora zvizere hutongi hweIraq kubva kuhuwori hwakashata hweUS neIran vakatonga Iraq kubva 2019. Zvino basa ravo rakaomeswa nezviito zveUS zvakangosimbisa pro- Vezvematongerwo enyika veIran nemapato.

6. Mumwe mhedzisiro isingadzivisike yeTrump yakundikana Iran mutemo ndeyekuti inosimbisa mapoka, akaomesa-mutsara mapato muIran. Kufanana neUS nedzimwe nyika, Iran ine zvematongerwo enyika zvemukati, ine akasiyana maonero maonero. Mutungamiri Rouhani uye Gurukota rinowona nezvekunze Zarif, avo vakataurirana nezveJCPOA, vanobva kuchikamu chekuvandudza zvematongerwo enyika eIran vanotenda kuti Iran inokwanisa uye inofanirwa kusvika kune vezvematongerwo enyika kune nyika dzese uye kuyedza kugadzirisa kusawirirana kwavo kwenguva refu neUS Asi pane zvakare bapiro rine simba rekuchengetedza iro rinotenda kuti US yakazvipira kuparadza Iran uye nekudaro haizombofi yakazadzisa chero kuzvipira kwayinoita. Fungidzira idivi ripi Trump riri kusimbisa nekusimbisa nehurongwa hwake hutsinye hwekuuraya, masanctions uye kutyisidzira?

Kunyangwe kana mutungamiriri anotevera weUS akazvipira zvechokwadi kurunyararo neIran, anogona kupedzisira agara akatarisana netafura kubva kuvatungamiriri vanochengetedza veIran avo, nechikonzero chakanaka, vasingavimbe chero nevatungamiriri veUS vanozvipira.

Kuurayiwa kwaSoleimani kwakamisa zvakare kuratidzira kukuru kwevanhu vazhinji vachipesana nehurumende yeIran iyo yakatanga munaNovember 2019 uye vakadzvinyirirwa zvine utsinye. Panzvimbo iyoyo, vanhu ikozvino vanoratidzira kupokana kwavo neUS

 7. Vanokanganisa kwaTrump vanogona kunge vari yekupedzisira sosi yeshamwari dzeUS uye vanobatana avo vakanamatira neUS kuburikidza nemakore makumi maviri ekurwisa nekuparadza US yekune dzimwe nyika. Vemubatanidzwa veEuropean havana kubvumirana nekubviswa kwaTrump kubva muchibvumirano chenyukireya uye vakaedza, zvakadaro vasina kusimba, kuti vazviponese. VaTrump pavakayedza kuunganidza boka renyika rehondo kuti vachengetedze kutumira muStrait yeHormuz muna 20, chete UK, Australia nedzimwe nyika dzePersian Gulf dzaida chero chikamu chayo, uye pari zvino nyika gumi dzeEurope nedzimwe nyika dzave kubatana kumwe kushanda inotungamirwa neFrance.

Pamusangano waJanuary 8 wenhau, VaTrump vakadaidzira NATO kuti iite basa rakakura kuMiddle East, asi VaTrump vanga vachipururudza nekutonhora kuNATO – dzimwe nguva vachizviti hazvichashandi uye vachityisidzira kubvisa. Mushure mekuurayiwa kwaTrump kwemauto epamusoro eIran, vabatsiri veNATO vakatanga kubvisa mauto kubva kuIraq, zvichiratidza kuti havadi kubatwa mukupiswa kwemoto wehondo yaTrump kuIran.

Nekusimuka kwehupfumi kweChina, uye neRussia yakavandudzwa kudyidzana kwenyika, mafambiro enhoroondo ari kuchinja uye nyika yakawanda iri kubuda. Zvakawanda uye zvakanyanya pasirese, kunyanya kumaodzanyemba kwepasirese, inoona mauto eUS senge kubheja kwesimba rinopera simba rekuedza kuchengetedza chinzvimbo chayo chikuru pasirese. Mikana mingani iyo iyo US yekupedzisira yekuwana iyi kurudyi uye nekuzvitsvagira nzvimbo yepamutemo yenyika nyowani iyo yaakaedza ikatadza kufema pakuzvarwa?

8. Zviito zveUS kuIraq zvinotyora mutemo wepasi rose, wepamba uye weIraq, kugadza nzvimbo yenyika yekusavimbika kusingaperi. Sangano reInternational Association of Democratic Lawyers (IADL) ranyora chirevo Kutsanangura chikonzero nei kurwiswa uye kuurayiwa kweU.S. muIraq kusingafanirwe kuzvidzivirira uye imhosva dzeutsinye dzinotyora UN Charter. VaTrump zvakare vakafambisa-tarisa kuti US yakagadzirira kurova nzvimbo makumi mashanu neshanu muIran, kusanganisira zvinangwa zvetsika, izvo zvaizotyawo mutemo wenyika.

Nhengo dzeCongress dzakashatirwa kuti kurwiswa kwakaitwa mauto kwaTrump kwakatyora chibvumirano cheUS, nekuti Chinyorwa ini ndinoda mvumo yemakomendi kune zviitiko zvemauto zvakadaro. Vatungamiriri veCoron havana kana kuziviswa nezve kurova kwaSoleimani zvisati zvaitika, rega vabvunzwe kuti vazvibvumidze. Nhengo dzeCongress ikozvino kuyedza kuzvidzora Trump kubva kuenda kuhondo neIran.

Zvakaitwa naTrump kuIraq zvakare zvakatyora bumbiro reIraq, iyo iyo US yakabatsira kunyora uye ipi zvinorambidzwa kushandisa iyo nzvimbo yenyika kukuvadza vavakidzani vayo.

 9. Kutya kwaTrump kusimbisa vanogadzira zvombo. Rimwe boka rekufarira reUS rine bhatartisan isina cheki yekupamba Hupfumi hweUS uye inowana mari kubva kuhondo dzose dzeUS nekuwedzera kwemauto: chivakwa chemauto-maindasitiri chakayambira vanhu vekuAmerica pamusoro pa 1960. Kurega kuteerera nyevero yake, tabvumidza iyi behemoth kukurumidza kuwedzera simba rayo uye kutonga pane iyo US mitemo.

Mitengo yemasheya yemakambani ezvombo zveUS yakakwira kare kubva kuurayiwa kweAmerica neanirsty muIraq nemahofisi emakambani ezvombo ave kutove. kupfuma kukuru. US makambani enhau vanga vachidzinga yakajairika mutsara-wevashandi vekambani ma lobbyists nenhengo dzebhodhi kuti varove madhiramu ehondo uye varumbidze kupisa kwaTrump - ivo vachinyarara nezvenzira yavari kubatsirikana pachezvayo nazvo.

Kana tikarega mauto-maindasitiri akahwina Hondo yayo pamusoro peIran, inochera mabhirioni, pamwe matirioni, zvakanyanya kubva pane zviwanikwa zvatinoda kwazvo zvehutano, zvedzidzo uye sevashandi vehurumende, uye kungoita nyika inzvimbo ine njodzi zvakanyanya.

10. Chero kumwezve kukwira pakati peUS neIran kunogona njodzi yehupfumi hwenyika, iyo yatove yakatasva roller-coaster nekuda kwehondo dzekutengesa dzaTrump. Asia inonyanya kutambudzika kune chero kukanganisa mukati mekutengeswa kwemafuta eIraq, izvo zvakauya zvichienderana nekugadzirwa kweIraq kwawedzera. Nzvimbo yakakura yePersian Gulf imusha kune kusangana kukuru kwemafuta negesi matsime, zvicherwa nematangi ari munyika.  Kurwisa kumwe chete yakatovhara hafu yekugadzira mafuta eSaudi Arabia munaGunyana, uye izvo zvaingova chidiki diki cheizvo zvatinofanira kutarisira kana US ichiramba ichikwira hondo yayo kuIran.

mhedziso

Trump's blunders vakatiisa isu kumashure munzira inoenda kuhondo ine njodzi zvechokwadi, paine zvirango zvemanyepo anovharira pese penzira. Hondo dzeKorea, Vietnam, Iraq uye Afghanistan dzakarasikirwa nemamiriyoni ehupenyu, dzakasiya simba reUS renyika dzese muhuswa ndokuzviburitsa pachena kunge sehondo uye ine ngozi simba renyika mumaziso epasi rose. Kana tikatadza kuburitsa vatungamiriri vedu vanyengedzerwa kubva kumucheto, hondo yeAmerica kuIran ingaratidza kupera kunonyadzisa kwenguva yemambo wenyika yedu uye nekuisa chisimbiso nzvimbo yenyika yedu pakati pevamiririri vakatadza kurangarirwa nenyika zvakanyanya sevanhu vakaipa venhoroondo yevanhu. .

Nenzira, isu, isu vanhu veAmerica, tinogona kusimuka kuti tikunde simba reuto-maindasitiri akaoma uye tonga zvemunyika yedu. Kuratidzira kwakanangana nehondo kuri kuitika kutenderera nyika kuratidzira kwakanaka kwevanhu. Ino inguva yakaoma yekuti vanhu verudzi urwu vasimuke munzvimbo inowoneka zvakanyanya, vakashinga uye vakatsunga kumisa vanopenga mu White House uye kuda, nezwi rimwe chete rakakura: HAPANA. ZVIMWE. HONDO.

Medea Bhenjamini, mubatsiri weCODEPINK Rugare, ndiye munyori wemabhuku akati wandei, kusanganisiraMukati Iran: The Real History and Politics of the Islamic Republic of Iran uyeUmambo hwevasina kururama: Shure US-Saudi Connection.

Nicolas JS Davies mutori wenhau akazvimirira, muongorori weCODEPINK, uye munyori weRopa pamaoko edu: IAmerican Invasion uye Kuparadza kweIraq.