Ndi David Swanson, World BEYOND War, September 19, 2022
Ndemanga pa Seputembara 19, 2022 pazochitika zapaintaneti pa https://peaceweek.org
Powerpoint apa.
Zikomo potiphatikiza. Nditatha kulankhula, World BEYOND War Mtsogoleri wa Maphunziro a Phill Gittins akambirana za ntchito yophunzitsa yomwe ingatichotsere kunkhondo, ndi World BEYOND War Wokonza bungwe la Canada Maya Garfinkel akambirana zachitetezo chopanda chiwawa chomwe chingachite chimodzimodzi. Mwanjira iyi, nditha kulankhula za gawo losavuta, ndichifukwa chake tiyenera kuthetsa nkhondo.
Ndi gawo losavuta ngati nkhondo inayake siikulamulira ma TV anu ndi malo ogulitsira. Sindinganene mu nthawi yamtendere, chifukwa kwa zaka zambiri pakhala pali nkhondo zambiri, nthawi zambiri ndi zingapo zomwe zikukhudza asitikali aku US, nthawi zonse pafupifupi onse okhudzana ndi zida za US - nthawi zambiri zida zaku US mbali zonse. Koma nthawi zina nkhondo zonse zomwe zikuchitikazi zimalowa nawo ntchito yayikulu kwambiri ya anthu ku US, ndalama zambiri zokhazikika komanso kukonzekera nkhondo, pochoka pa siteji. Ndipo ife timazitcha nthawizo nthawi za mtendere. Odya zamasamba pakati pa chakudya amakonda mtendere panthawi yamtendere.
Monga chitsanzo cha zimene zimachitika mukamaimira mtendere m’nthaŵi zankhondo, wojambula waluso ku Australia wotchedwa Peter Seaton posachedwapa anajambula chithunzi cha msilikali wa ku Ukraine ndi msilikali wa ku Russia akukumbatirana. Adafunsa anthu za mapulani ake, kuphatikiza aku Ukraine akumaloko, ndipo adaganiza kuti zidamveka bwino. Koma ena mwa anthu omwewo adalowa nawo m'gulu losokoneza maganizo atangomaliza kujambula, mpaka kunena kuti akhumudwitsidwa, osanenapo kuti akhumudwitsidwa. Kodi angayerekeze bwanji wojambula, yemwe tsopano akuganiziridwa kuti amagwira ntchito ku Moscow, akuwonetsa asirikali akukumbatirana pomwe asitikali oyipa aku Russia akupha anthu aku Ukraine? Ndikuganiza kuti panalibe kutchulidwa zomwe asitikali aku Ukraine akuchita. Monga munthu yemwe tsiku lililonse amalandira maimelo okwiya omwe amateteza mbali ziwiri zankhondoyi, ndikutha kuganiza kuti othandizira mbali yaku Russia amakwiya mokwiya chifukwa chosawonetsa msirikali waku Ukraine akudula khosi la Russia. Sindikumvetsa bwino kwa ine kuti anthu abwino a ku Melbourne, okhumudwa kwambiri ndi kukumbatirana, akanapeza kuti ndizokoma kusonyeza asilikali awiri akuthyolana ndi mipeni. Pafupifupi anthu onse omvera, mmodzi wa asilikali aŵiriwo ankafunika kubaya mnzake kumsana pamene wophedwayo akulembera mayi ake chikalata chokongola. Tsopano izo zikanakhala luso.
Kodi tabwera ku chiyani kuti tikwiyitsidwe ndi kukumbatirana? Kodi sitikufuna chiyanjanitso? Kodi sitifuna mtendere? Ngakhale tonse tikudziwa za Truces za Khrisimasi za WWI ndi zochitika zofananira, pomwe tonsefe titha kuganiza za asitikali ngati ozunzidwa ndi akuluakulu aboma, tikuyenera kusunga malingaliro otere pankhondo zonse, osati pankhondo yapano. gawo lopatulika ndi lokongola la ziwanda lomwe tikukhalamo ndikupuma chidani chathu kwa mtsogoleri ndi wothandizira aliyense wa mbali inayo, mbali iliyonse yomwe ili. Ndakhala ndi anzanga kwa zaka zambiri, kuphatikiza ma wayilesi omwe mutha kupita kukamvetsera, akundikuwa kuti nditha kufuna kupha Putin nthawi yomweyo kapena kuvomereza kuti ndikugwira ntchito ya Putin. Ndakhala ndi anzanga ena kwa zaka zambiri akunditsutsa kuti ndikugwira ntchito ku NATO. Awa ndi anthu onse omwe angagwirizane kulimbana ndi nkhondo ya Iraq osachepera pamene nkhondoyo inadziwika ndi pulezidenti wa US wa Republican Party.
Chifukwa kutsutsa mbali zonse ziwiri za nkhondo kumamveka ngati kuchirikiza mbali iliyonse yomwe wina amatsutsa, ndakhala ndikupuma mozama ndikutulutsa chiganizo chotsatira:
Ndimatsutsana ndi kupha koopsa ndi kuwononga ku Ukraine, ndikudziwa bwino mbiri yakale ya Russia komanso kuti kuwonjezeka kwa NATO kunayambitsa nkhondoyi mwadala, ndikunyansidwa kuti omenyera mtendere ku Russia atsekeredwa, ndipo akudwala chifukwa cha nkhondoyi. kunyalanyazidwa bwino ku US kuti sizofunika kupatula oimba mluzu - ndipo ndili ndi maudindo odabwitsawa ngakhale kuti sindikuvutika ndi umbuli uliwonse wa mbiri ya Cold War kapena kukula kwa NATO kapena kuphedwa kwa US. ogulitsa zida ku US boma kapena udindo wa US boma monga wogulitsa zida zapamwamba, olimbikitsa zankhondo ku maboma ena, omanga apamwamba akunja, woyambitsa nkhondo wamkulu, wowongolera ziwopsezo, inde, zikomo, ndamva za amisala olondola ku Ukraine komanso maboma aku Russia ndi Asitikali, sindinasankhe m'modzi mwa awiriwa kufuna kupha anthu kapena kuyang'anira zida za nyukiliya kapena zida zamagetsi pankhondo, ndipo ndikudwala ndi kupha anthu onse omwe gulu lankhondo laku Russia likuchita, ngakhale sindingathe kudziwa. chifukwa chiyani magulu omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe ayenera kuchita manyazi pofotokoza za nkhanza zomwe zidachitika ndi asitikali aku Ukraine, ndipo ndikudziwa kuchuluka kwa US.
Mwa njira, tikuyika zojambulajambula, zomwe zinatsitsidwa ku Melbourne, pamwamba pa makoma ndi nyumba ndi zikwangwani ndi zizindikiro za pabwalo kuzungulira dziko lonse lapansi.
At World BEYOND War tapanga tsamba lawebusayiti lomwe limafotokoza nthano zinayi zodziwika bwino pankhondo: kuti nkhondo ikhoza kukhala yosapeŵeka, yolungamitsidwa, yofunikira, kapena yopindulitsa.
Anthu ambiri amakhala opanda nkhondo ndipo savutika n’komwe chifukwa cha kusoŵa nkhondo. Mbiri yambiri ya anthu ndi mbiri yakale ilibe nkhondo. Nkhondo zambiri m’mbiri sizimafanana kwenikweni ndi nkhondo masiku ano. Mayiko akhala akugwiritsa ntchito nkhondo kwa zaka mazana ambiri kenako sanagwiritse ntchito nkhondo kwa zaka mazana ambiri. Ambiri amene akutenga nawo mbali m’nkhondo ndi anthu amene akuvutika ndi nkhondo amavutika nazo. Chiphunzitso cha nkhondo chabe ndi zachabechabe za m'zaka za m'ma Middle Ages zomwe anthu amayesa kugwirizanitsa ulamuliro wa imperialism, pacifism, kukhulupirira kuti achikunja ndi opanda pake, ndi chikhulupiriro chakuti anthu abwino amakhala bwino pamene amaphedwa. Nkhondo zimayendetsedwa mosamala kwambiri komanso movutikira, mphamvu zazikulu zomwe zimalepheretsa mtendere. Palibe nkhondo imodzi yothandiza anthu imene yathandizabe anthu. Nkhondo imafuna kukonzekera kwakukulu ndi chisankho chanzeru. Sizikuwomba padziko lonse lapansi ngati nyengo kapena matenda. Pafupi ndi nyumba yanga pali zipinda zazikulu pansi pa mapiri pomwe madera osiyanasiyana a boma la US akuyenera kubisala atapatsidwa chenjezo la maola angapo kuti wina waganiza zopanga zida zanyukiliya. Pali njira zina zokonzekeretsa dziko kunkhondo, ndipo pali njira zina zogwiritsira ntchito nkhondo panthawi yomwe wina akuwukiridwa ndi nkhondo. M'malo mwake ndizotheka kusiya zida zankhondo padziko lonse lapansi, kuthandizira malamulo ndi mgwirizano, ndikukonzekera njira zodzitetezera zopanda zida.
Kupyolera muzochitika zopanda chiwawa, ntchito zatha m'malo monga Lebanon, Germany, Estonia, ndi Bougainville. Zigawenga zayimitsidwa m'malo ngati Algeria ndi Germany, olamulira ankhanza omwe adagwetsedwa m'malo ngati El Salvador, Tunisia, ndi Serbia, kulanda zida ndi mabungwe otsekedwa m'malo ngati Ecuador ndi Canada, magulu ankhondo akunja adathamangitsidwa m'malo ngati Ecuador ndi Philippines.
Onani WorldBEYONDWar.org kuti mumve zambiri za mfundo zonsezi zomwe zikutsutsa nthano zankhondo. Timaphatikizanso zinthu zambiri pa WWII, pomwe ndidalembapo buku lotchedwa Kusiya Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse Kumbuyo, ndipo tachita maphunziro apa intaneti pamutuwu. Zitha kukhala zomveka kuwonera filimu yatsopano ku US ndi Holocaust yolemba Ken Burns et alia, koma nazi kulosera kwanga: Kanemayu adzakhala wowona mtima modabwitsa koma amachotsa mlandu mobisa kuchoka ku US ndi maboma ena komanso kwa anthu wamba. kusiya zoyesayesa za omenyera mtendere kuti maboma a US ndi UK achitepo kanthu, zidzakokomeza momwe zikanakhalira zovuta kwa iwo kutero, ndipo adzateteza nkhondoyo momveka bwino pazifukwa zina osati chifukwa chomwe aliyense amakonda (yomwe tsopano yatulutsidwa mu filimu). Ine ndikuyembekeza izo ziri bwinoko kuposa izo; zikhoza kukhala zoipa.
Ngakhale sikuyenera kukhala nkhondo yomwe ingakondweretsedwe momveka bwino kuti ndi yotetezeka kumbali iliyonse, pali chizoloŵezi chachikulu choganizira chimodzi, ndikuyika ndalama zokwanira kuti zisinthe dziko lonse lapansi (ndikutanthauza kuthetsa kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe, umphawi, ndi opanda pokhala) pokonzekera nkhondo yabwino yolingaliridwa. Koma kukadakhala kuti kunali nkhondo yomwe idachita zabwino kuposa kuvulaza, singachite zabwino zokwanira kupitilira kusunga nkhondo, magulu ankhondo, maziko, zombo, ndege zozungulira kudikirira kuti nkhondo yolungama ifike. Izi zili choncho, chifukwa kukonzekera usilikali kumayambitsa nkhondo, zambiri zomwe palibe amene amayesa kuziteteza ngati zolungama, komanso chifukwa chakuti nkhondo imapha zambiri kuposa nkhondo, kupyolera mu kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe, kupititsa patsogolo tsankho, kuwonongeka kwa ulamuliro wa dziko. lamulo, kulungamitsidwa kwake kwa chinsinsi mu utsogoleri, makamaka kupyolera mu kupatutsa chuma kuchokera ku zosowa za anthu. Atatu peresenti ya ndalama zomwe US amagwiritsa ntchito pankhondo zitha kuthetsa njala padziko lapansi. Militarism ndiyoyamba ndikugwiritsa ntchito ndalama mosadziwika bwino, gawo lomwe lingasinthe kuchuluka kwa ntchito zomwe zikufunika mwachangu padziko lonse lapansi, ngati dziko lapansi litha kubweretsa mgwirizano pa zinthu, cholepheretsa chachikulu chomwe ndi nkhondo ndi kukonzekera. nkhondo.
Chifukwa chake, taphatikizanso patsamba la worldbeyondwar.org maulalo azifukwa zothetsera nkhondo, kuphatikiza: Ndi zachiwerewere, zimayika pachiwopsezo, zimawononga ufulu, zimalimbikitsa tsankho, zimawononga $ 2 thililiyoni pachaka, zimawopseza chilengedwe, izo. zimatichititsa umphawi, ndipo njira zina zilipo. Chifukwa chake, nkhani yoyipa ndiyakuti nkhondo imawononga chilichonse chomwe chimakhudza ndipo imakhudza darn pafupi ndi chilichonse. Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti ngati titha kuwona kupyola mbendera ndi mabodza, titha kupanga mgwirizano waukulu wa darn pafupi ndi aliyense - kuphatikiza ngakhale ambiri mwa anthu omwe amapanga zida, omwe angakhale osangalala komanso kuchita bwino ndi ntchito zina.
Chotsatira chomvetsa chisoni chomwe mawailesi amawonera nkhondo ndikukhala chete pankhondo zina. Timamva zochepa kwambiri za kuzunzika ndi njala ku Afghanistan pomwe boma la US limaba ndalama za anthuwo. Sitikumva chilichonse chokhudza matenda ndi njala yomwe ikupitilira ku Yemen pomwe Bungwe la US Congress likukana kuchita zomwe limadzinamizira kuti lithandiza Yemen zaka zitatu zapitazo, kuvota kuti athetse nkhondo. Ndikufuna kuti nditsirize poyang'ana pa izi chifukwa miyoyo yambiri ili bwino komanso chifukwa chotsatira cha US Congress kuthetsa nkhondo kungapereke chilimbikitso chachikulu pamakampeni ofuna kuti athetse ena.
Ngakhale malonjezano a kampeni, a Biden Administration ndi Congress amasunga zida kupita ku Saudi Arabia, ndikupangitsa asitikali aku US kutenga nawo gawo pankhondo ya Yemen. Ngakhale nyumba zonse ziwiri za Congress zidavotera kuti US achite nawo nkhondoyi pomwe a Trump adalonjeza veto, palibe nyumba yomwe idachita mkangano kapena voti chaka ndi theka kuyambira pomwe Trump adachoka mtawuniyi. Chigamulo cha Nyumba, HJRes87, chili ndi othandizira 113 - kuposa omwe adapezedwa ndi chigamulo chomwe Trump adapereka ndikuvotera - pomwe SJRes56 ku Senate ili ndi othandizira 7. Komabe palibe mavoti omwe amachitidwa, chifukwa a Congression omwe amatchedwa "utsogoleri" sasankha kutero, ndipo chifukwa PALIBE MMODZI MMODZI M'Nyumba kapena Nyumba ya Senate amene angapezeke amene angawakakamize.
Sizinakhale chinsinsi, kuti nkhondo ya Saudi "yotsogozedwa" imadalira kwambiri asitikali aku US (osatchulapo zida za US) omwe anali US kuti asiye kupereka zida kapena kukakamiza asitikali ake kuti asiye kuphwanya malamulo onse oletsa. nkhondo, musamaganizire Constitution ya US, kapena zonse ziwiri, nkhondoyo idzatha. Nkhondo ya Saudi-US ku Yemen yapha anthu ambiri kuposa nkhondo ya ku Ukraine mpaka pano, ndipo imfa ndi kuzunzika zikupitirirabe ngakhale kuti panalibe nthawi yochepa, yomwe yalephera kutsegula misewu kapena madoko; njala (yomwe ingakhale yowonjezereka ndi nkhondo ya ku Ukraine) ikuwopsezabe mamiliyoni ambiri. CNN inanena kuti, "Ngakhale kuti ambiri padziko lonse lapansi amakondwerera [chigwirizanocho], mabanja ena ku Yemen amangoyang'ana ana awo akufa pang'onopang'ono. Pali anthu pafupifupi 30,000 omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa omwe akufuna chithandizo kunja, malinga ndi boma lolamulidwa ndi Houthi likulu la Sanaa. Pafupifupi 5,000 mwa iwo ndi ana. "Zolankhulidwa mwachidwi za ma Senators ndi Oyimilira omwe akufuna kuti nkhondo ithe pomwe akudziwa kuti atha kudalira chivomerezo cha Trump zasowa m'zaka za Biden makamaka chifukwa Phwando ndilofunika kwambiri kuposa miyoyo ya anthu.
Tsopano, ndikuganiza kuti ndasokera m'maphunziro ndi zolimbikitsa, koma ndikuyembekeza kuti sindidzalumikizana ndi zomwe Phill ndi Maya azikambirana. Ndikufuna kuzindikira kuti kwa iwo omwe amakonda kupanga mfundo zofunika kwambiri chifukwa chake sitingathe kuthetsa nkhondo zonse, padzakhala wina yemwe adzachita izi pokambirana ndi ine masiku awiri kuchokera pano, ndipo mukhoza kuziwona pa intaneti ndikupereka mafunso kwa woyang'anira. Pezani pa WorldBEYONDWar.org. Ndiponso, ndikuyembekezera mwachidwi mafunso ambiri kwa ine, Phill, ndi Maya, pambuyo pa ulaliki wathu.
