Ndani Akuyang'anira Momwe Timakumbukira Nkhondo ya Iraq?

Wolemba Jeremy Earp, World BEYOND War, March 16, 2023

"Nkhondo zonse zimamenyedwa kawiri, nthawi yoyamba pabwalo lankhondo, kachiwiri kukumbukira."
- Viet Thanh Nguyen

Pamene ma TV ambiri aku US akuyimilira kukumbukira kuukira kwa US ku Iraq, zikuwonekeratu kuti pali zambiri zomwe akuyembekeza kuti tidzayiwala - choyamba, kutenga nawo gawo kwa atolankhani pothandizira anthu kunkhondo.

Koma mukamafufuza kwambiri nkhani zodziwika bwino kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, monga momwe gulu lathu lazolemba lidachitira sabata yatha tidapangana. mphindi zisanu izi kuchokera mufilimu yathu ya 2007 Nkhondo Yosavuta, m'pamenenso zimakhala zovuta kuiwala momwe nkhani zoulutsira nkhani pawailesi yakanema zimafalitsira mopanda tsankho zonena za olamulira a Bush ndikupatulapo mawu otsutsa.

Manambala sanama. Lipoti la 2003 ndi bungwe loyang'anira zofalitsa nkhani, Fairness & Accuracy In Reporting (FAIR) linapeza kuti masabata awiri oyambirira kuukira, ABC World News, NBC Nightly News, CBS Evening News, ndi PBS Newshour anali ndi akatswiri ofufuza a ku America okwana 267, ndi olemba ndemanga pa kamera kuti athandize kumvetsetsa za ulendo wopita kunkhondo. Mwa alendo 267 awa, odabwitsa 75% anali akuluakulu aboma kapena akale ankhondo, komanso ochulukirapo chimodzi anasonyeza kukayikira kulikonse.

Pakadali pano, m'dziko lomwe likukula mwachangu la nkhani zama chingwe, Fox News's kulankhula molimba, pro-war jingoism inali kukhazikitsa muyeso wa oyang'anira osamala ma ratings pa ma network ambiri "omasuka". MSNBC ndi CNN, akumva kutentha kwa zomwe ogwira ntchito m'makampani amatcha "Fox effect" anali kuyesera kuti atulutse mdani wawo wakumanja - ndi wina ndi mnzake - pochotsa mwachangu mawu otsutsa ndikuwona yemwe angayimbitse ng'oma zankhondo mokweza kwambiri.

Ku MSNBC, pamene kuwukira kwa Iraq kunayandikira koyambirira kwa 2003, oyang'anira maukonde adaganiza zochotsa Phil Donahue ngakhale chiwonetsero chake chinali ndi mavoti apamwamba kwambiri panjira. A zinawukhira mkati memo adalongosola kuti oyang'anira akuluakulu adawona Donahue ngati "wotopa, womasuka kumanzere" yemwe angakhale "nkhope yovuta ya NBC panthawi ya nkhondo." Pozindikira kuti Donahue "akuwoneka kuti amasangalala kuwonetsa alendo omwe ali odana ndi nkhondo, odana ndi Bush komanso amakayikira zolinga za oyang'anira," memoyo idachenjeza mowopsa kuti chiwonetsero chake chitha kukhala "nyumba yolimbana ndi nkhondo nthawi yomweyo. kuti mpikisano wathu akukupiza mbendera nthawi iliyonse.”

Osadandaula, wamkulu wa nkhani za CNN Eason Jordan angadzitamande pamlengalenga kuti adakumana ndi akuluakulu a Pentagon panthawi yokonzekera kuti apeze chivomerezo cha "akatswiri" a nkhondo ya kamera omwe maukonde angadalire. "Ndikuganiza kuti ndikofunika kuti akatswiri afotokoze za nkhondoyo ndikufotokozera zida zankhondo, kufotokoza njira, kukambirana za njira yomwe imayambitsa mikangano," Jordan anafotokoza. “Ndinapita ndekha ku Pentagon kangapo nkhondo isanayambe ndipo ndinakumana ndi anthu olemekezeka kumeneko ndipo ndinati . . . nawa akuluakulu ankhondo omwe tikuganiza zowasunga kuti azitilangiza pa mlengalenga ndi kunja zankhondo, ndipo tawayamikira kwambiri onse. Zimenezo zinali zofunika.”

Monga Norman Solomon amawonera mufilimu yathu Nkhondo Yosavuta, zomwe tidatengera buku lake la dzina lomweli, mfundo yoyambira ya demokalase yodziyimira payokha, yosindikizira adani idangoponyedwa pawindo. “Nthawi zambiri atolankhani amadzudzula boma chifukwa cha kulephera kwa atolankhaniwo pawokha,” akutero Solomon. “Koma palibe amene anakakamiza mabungwe akuluakulu monga CNN kuti apereke ndemanga zambiri kuchokera kwa akuluakulu ankhondo opuma pantchito ndi akuluakulu ankhondo ndi ena onse . . . Icho sichinali ngakhale chinachake chobisa, pamapeto pake. Zinali zonena kwa anthu aku America, 'Onani, ndife osewera timu. Tikhoza kukhala ofalitsa nkhani, koma tili kumbali imodzi ndi tsamba lomwelo la Pentagon.' . . . Ndipo izi zimatsutsana kwenikweni ndi lingaliro la atolankhani odziyimira pawokha. ”

Zotsatira zake sizinali zotsutsana, woyendetsedwa mwachinyengo, kuthamangira m’nkhondo yosankhika imene ingapitirire kusokoneza dera, kufulumiza uchigawenga padziko lonse, magazi ma trilioni madola kuchokera ku US Treasury, ndikupha zikwizikwi za ogwira ntchito aku US ndi mazana masauzande aku Iraqi, ambiri a iwo ndi anthu wamba osalakwa. Komabe patapita zaka makumi awiri, pamene tikuyandikira kwambiri nkhondo zatsopano zomwe zingakhale zoopsa, sipanakhalepo kuyankha kapena kupereka malipoti okhazikika muzofalitsa nkhani zodziwika bwino kutikumbutsa za iwo omwe gawo lalikulu pakugulitsa nkhondo ya Iraq.

Ndikuyiwala kuti sitingakwanitse, makamaka momwe ma TV omwe aja zaka 20 zapitazo amadzibwerezanso - kuchokera pamlingo wonse. kuyambiransoko ndi kukonzanso otsogolera omanga nkhondo aku Iraq ndi okondwerera ku media media akupitiliza kudalira "akatswiri" kuchokera pakhomo lozungulira dziko la Pentagon ndi zida zankhondo (nthawi zambiri popanda kuwulula).

"Memory ndi chida chanzeru m'dziko lililonse, makamaka kukumbukira nkhondo," wolemba mabuku wopambana Mphotho ya Pulitzer. Viet Thanh Nguyen adalemba. "Mwa kuwongolera nkhani zankhondo zomwe tidamenya nawo, timalungamitsa nkhondo zomwe tikulimbana nazo pakadali pano."

Pamene tikukumbukira zaka 20 zakuphedwa kwa US ku Iraq, ndikofunikira kuti tikumbukirenso nkhondoyi osati kuchokera kwa akuluakulu a boma la Bush omwe adayiyambitsa, komanso kuchokera kumakampani azama TV omwe adathandizira kugulitsa ndikuyesa kuwongolera. nkhani kuyambira pamenepo.

Jeremy Earp ndi Director Production wa Media Education Foundation (MEF) ndi wotsogolera, ndi Loretta Alper, wa zolemba za MEF "Nkhondo Idakhala Yosavuta: Momwe Atsogoleri & Ma Pundits Amapitirizira Kukatiphera Kufa," ndi Norman Solomon. Kuwonetsa zaka 20 zakuukira kwa Iraq, RootsAction Education Fund ikhala ikuchita zowonera za "War Made Easy" pa Marichi 20th ku 6:45 PM Eastern, ndikutsatiridwa ndi zokambirana zomwe zili ndi Solomon, Dennis Kucinich, Kathy Kelly, Marcy Winograd, India Walton, ndi David Swanson. Dinani apa kulembetsa mwambowu, ndi Dinani apa kukhamukira "War Made Easy" pasadakhale kwaulere.