Ndi Kent Shifferd
Kodi chingakhale choyipa bwanji kuposa nkhondo yankhondo? Njala ya nyukiliya pambuyo pa nkhondo ya nyukiliya. Ndipo nkhondo yankhondo yanyukiliya yomwe ingachitike kwambiri ili kuti? Malire a India ndi Pakistan. Maiko onsewa ali ndi zida za nyukiliya, ndipo ngakhale nkhokwe zawo "ndizochepa" poyerekeza ndi US ndi Russia, ndizowopsa kwambiri. Pakistan ili ndi zida za nyukiliya pafupifupi 100; India pafupifupi 130. Amenya nkhondo zitatu kuyambira 1947 ndipo akulimbana kwambiri kuti alamulire Kashmir komanso mphamvu ku Afghanistan. Pomwe India idasiya kugwiritsa ntchito koyamba, pazonse zomwe zili zofunikira, Pakistan sinatero, ikulengeza kuti ngati atagonjetsedwa ndi magulu ankhondo aku India zitha kuyamba ndi zida za nyukiliya.
Kugwedeza kwa Saber ndikofala. Prime Minister waku Pakistan Nawaz Sharif adati nkhondo yachinayi itha kuchitika ngati nkhani ya Kashmir sinathe, ndipo Prime Minister waku India a Manmohan Singh adayankha kuti Pakistan "sidzapambana nkhondo mmoyo wanga wonse."
Nkhondo ya nyukiliya ya China yomwe yakhala ikudana ndi dziko la India ingathenso kugwirizanitsa pakati pa adani awiriwo, ndipo Pakistan ili pamtunda wokhala chitukuko chomwe sichikudziwika ndipo ndi choopsa kwambiri kwa zida za nyukiliya ku boma.
Akatswiri amalosera kuti nkhondo ya zida za nyukiliya pakati pa India ndi Pakistan ipha anthu pafupifupi 22 miliyoni chifukwa cha kuphulika, ma radiation oyipa, ndi mphepo yamkuntho. Komabe, njala yapadziko lonse yoyambitsidwa ndi nkhondo "yocheperako" yotereyi imatha kupha anthu mabiliyoni awiri pazaka 10.
Ndichoncho, njala ya nyukiliya. Nkhondo yogwiritsira ntchito zosakwana theka la zida zawo imakweza mwaye wakuda kwambiri ndi dothi mumlengalenga zomwe zingayambitse nyengo yachisanu ya nyukiliya. Zoterezi zimadziwika kalekale ngati ma 1980, koma palibe amene adawerengera momwe ulimi ungakhudzire.
Mtambo wonyezimira ukanaphimba mbali zambiri za dziko lapansi, kubweretsa nyengo yotentha, nyengo yocheperachepera, kuwononga mwadzidzidzi mbewu zozizira kwambiri, kusintha kwa mvula ndipo sizingatheke pa zaka 10. Tsopano, lipoti latsopano lozikidwa pa maphunziro apamwamba kwambiri limasonyeza kuti mbewu zomwe zimatayika zomwe zingabweretse ndi chiŵerengero cha anthu omwe angakhale pachiopsezo cha kusowa kwa zakudya ndi njala.
Makompyuta amawonetsa kuchepa kwa tirigu, mpunga, chimanga, ndi soya. Kupanga kwathunthu kwa mbewu kumatha kugwa, kugunda kwawo mchaka chachisanu ndikuchira pang'onopang'ono pofika chaka cha khumi. Mbewu ndi soya ku Iowa, Illinois, Indiana ndi Missouri zitha kuvutika ndi 10% ndipo, mchaka chachisanu, 20%. Ku China, chimanga chitha kugwa ndi 16 peresenti pazaka khumi, mpunga ndi 17 peresenti, ndi tirigu ndi 31 peresenti. Europe ikadakhalanso ndi kuchepa.
Kupititsa patsogolo vutoli, kuli kale anthu pafupifupi 800 miliyoni padziko lonse lapansi. Kutsika kokha kwa 10 peresenti ya chakudya chawo cha kalori kumawaika pachiwopsezo cha njala. Ndipo tiwonjezera anthu mamiliyoni mazana ambiri padziko lapansi pazaka makumi angapo zikubwerazi. Kuti tizingokhala nanu tifunikira chakudya mazana mazana ambiri kuposa momwe tikupangira tsopano. Chachiwiri, munthawi yanthawi yankhondo yanyukiliya yomwe idayambitsidwa ndi nkhondo yachisanu ndi njala yayikulu, iwo omwe atero adzachuluka. Tidaziwona izi chilala chikadapsinjika zaka zingapo zapitazo ndipo mayiko angapo omwe amatumiza zakudya adasiya kutumiza kunja. Kusokonekera kwachuma pamisika yazakudya kungakhale kwakukulu ndipo mtengo wa chakudya uzikwera monga momwe zinalili nthawi imeneyo, ndikuyika chakudya chomwe chimapezeka kuti sichingafikire mamiliyoni. Ndipo chomwe chimatsatira njala ndi nthenda ya mliri.
“Njala ya Nyukiliya: Anthu Mabiliyoni Awiri Ali Pangozi?” lipoti lochokera kubungwe lapadziko lonse lapansi lazachipatala, International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (omwe adalandira mphotho ya Nobel Peace Prize, 1985) ndi anzawo aku America, Physicians for Social Responsibility. Ili pa intaneti pahttp://www.psr.org/resources/two-billion-at-risk.html Alibe nkhwangwa yandale. Chodetsa nkhaŵa chawo chachikulu ndicho thanzi la munthu.
Kodi mungatani? Njira yokhayo yotsimikizirira kuti tsoka lapadziko lonse lapansi silingachitike ndikulowa nawo gulu lapadziko lonse lapansi kuti athetse zida zowonongekazi. Yambani ndi Kampeni Yapadziko Lonse Yothetsera Zida za Nyukiliya (http://www.icanw.org/). Tidathetsa ukapolo. Titha kuchotsa zida zowonongekazi.
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Kent Shifferd, Ph.D., (kshifferd@centurytel.net) ndi wolemba mbiri yemwe adaphunzitsa mbiri yazachilengedwe ndi zamakhalidwe kwa zaka 25 ku Wisconsin's Northland College. Iye ndi mlembi wa Kuchokera ku Nkhondo Kupita ku Mtendere: Chitsogozo cha Zaka Zaka zana Lotsatira (McFarland, 2011) ndipo akuphatikizidwa ndi PeaceVoice.
