Wolemba Raed Jarrar, Novembala 22, 2019
kuchokera Padziko Lapansi
M'masabata apitawa a 6, ma Iraqi opitilira 300 aphedwa ndipo oposa 15,000 adavulala pakuukira kwamagazi komwe sikunakhalepo pamitu ya US.
Molimbikitsidwa ndi zipolowe ku Lebanon ndi ziwonetsero ku Egypt, mu Okutobala ma Iraqi adapita m'misewu kutsutsa boma lawo. Ambiri mwa ochita ziwonetserozi ndi m'badwo watsopano wa achinyamata aku Iraq omwe adakalamba pambuyo pa kuwukira kwa Baghdad motsogozedwa ndi US ku 2003.
Pambuyo pa kuwukiraku, boma latsopano la Iraq lidatengera nkhani yomwe idalungamitsa zolakwika zake powafanizira ndi boma lolamulira la Saddam Hussein. Koma kwa achinyamata aku Iraq omwe sanakhalepo muulamuliro wa Saddam, nkhaniyo ilibe zolemetsa ndipo sanakhululukire katangale ndi kusagwira ntchito kwa boma lomwe lilipo. Atatopa, achinyamata adabwitsa gulu la ndale poyambitsa ziwonetsero zatsopano zomwe zikutsutsa maziko a ndale.
Poyamba zionetserozo zinachititsidwa ndi zokhumudwitsa za tsiku ndi tsiku: kuchuluka kwa ulova, kusowa kwa ntchito za boma, ndi katangale wa boma. Ochita zionetsero aku Iraq amadziwa kuti nkhanizi sizingathetsedwe popanda kusintha kwadongosolo - ndipo chifukwa chake, zofuna zawo zakhala zikuyang'ana mitu iwiri ikuluikulu: kuthetsa kulowererapo kwa mayiko akunja, ndikuthetsa ulamuliro wamagulu a ethno.
Zofuna izi zikuwopseza gulu lonse la ndale ku Iraq lomwe linakhazikitsidwa pambuyo pa kuwukira kwa 2003, ndipo koposa zonse, ndizowopsezanso maulamuliro akunja omwe ayikidwa muulamuliro wapano - makamaka United States ndi Iran.
Kutha kwa Kulowererapo Kwakunja
Mosiyana ndi momwe US ndi Iran zakhalira ndi nkhondo zoyeserera ku Middle East komwe ali "mbali" zotsutsana, Iraq yakhala yosiyana ndi izi. Iran ndi United States zathandizira zipani zandale zomwezo ku Iraq kuyambira 2003. Izi zimachitika kuti, pazifukwa za geopolitical, kugawa Iraq m'magulu amagulu ndi mafuko ndikuthandizira magulu a Sunni, Shia, Kurdish ndi mafuko ena adagwirizana. ndi zofuna za US ndi Iran.
Mayiko onsewa akhala akuthandizira boma la Iraq pa ndale, koma chofunika kwambiri, kuthandizira powapatsa zida zonse, maphunziro, ndi antchito omwe akufunikira kuti apulumuke. US yatumiza ndalama zoposa $2 biliyoni ku boma la Iraq kuyambira 2012 ngati gawo la ndalama zapachaka zankhondo zakunja. A US adagulitsanso boma la Iraq zida zamtengo wapatali za $ 23 biliyoni kuyambira 2003. Pofuna kuteteza boma la Iraq kwa anthu ake, magulu ankhondo omwe amathandizidwa ndi Iran adapha nawo ziwonetsero. Amnesty International posachedwa inanena kuti dziko la Iran ndilomwe limapereka utsi wokhetsa misozi omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito kupha anthu ochita ziwonetsero ku Iraq tsiku lililonse.
Ziphuphu za boma la Iraq ndi kusokonekera kwake ndizizindikiro zakudalira mayiko akunja monga US ndi Iran. Akuluakulu a boma la Iraq sasamala ngati aku Iraq avomereza ntchito yawo, komanso samasamala kuti ambiri aku Iraq alibe ntchito zofunikira, chifukwa si maziko a kukhalapo kwawo.
Ochita ziwonetsero ku Iraq - mosasamala kanthu za magulu awo ampatuko kapena mafuko - atopa ndikukhala m'dziko lamakasitomala lomwe lilibe ulamuliro ndipo ndi limodzi mwamaboma achinyengo komanso osagwira ntchito padziko lonse lapansi. Iwo akufuna kuti zonse zitheke, kaya zikuchokera ku US, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, kapena Israel. Anthu aku Iraq akufuna kukhala m'dziko lomwe likulamulidwa ndi boma lomwe limadalira anthu ake, osati mayiko akunja.
Kuthetsa Ulamuliro Wamafuko ndi Magulu Amagulu
Mu 2003 a US adakhazikitsa dongosolo la kayendetsedwe ka ndale ku Iraq lomwe lidakhazikitsidwa ndi magulu achipembedzo (purezidenti ndi Kurdish, Prime Minister ndi Shia, Purezidenti wa Nyumba Yamalamulo ndi Sunni, ndi zina zotero). Dongosolo lokhazikitsidwali langoyambitsa ndikukhazikitsa magawano m'dzikolo (omwe anali ochepa kuukira kotsogozedwa ndi US kusanachitike), ndipo zidapangitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa magulu ankhondo achipembedzo komanso kuwononga gulu lankhondo logwirizana. Mkati mwa dongosololi, andale amasankhidwa osati kutengera ziyeneretso, koma m'malo mwa mafuko ndi magulu awo. Zotsatira zake, ma Iraqi adasamutsidwa kupita kumagulu amitundu ndi magulu, ndipo dzikolo likutsogoleredwa ndi magulu ankhondo ankhondo ndi magulu ankhondo (ISIS chinali chitsanzo chimodzi cha izi). Gulu la ndale lomwe lilipo pano lakhala likugwira ntchito motere, ndipo achinyamata adakonzekera ndikuwuka m'magulu amagulu kuti athetse.
Otsutsa aku Iraq akufuna kukhala m'dziko logwirizana lomwe likulamulidwa ndi boma logwira ntchito pomwe akuluakulu amasankhidwa malinga ndi ziyeneretso zawo - osati kugwirizana kwawo ndi chipani cha ndale. Kuphatikiza apo, momwe dongosolo la zisankho ku Iraq likugwirira ntchito pano ndikuti ma Iraqi nthawi zambiri amavotera zipani, osati aphungu aliyense payekha. Maphwando ambiri amagawidwa motsatira mipatuko. Anthu aku Iraq akufuna kusintha dongosolo kuti livotere anthu omwe ali ndi udindo wolamulira dzikolo.
Kodi anthu aku America angachite chiyani?
Mwanjira ina, zomwe achinyamata aku Iraq akuukira tsopano ndi boma lomwe linamangidwa ndi US ndikudalitsidwa ndi Iran ku 2003. Izi ndizotsutsana ndi cholowa cha US ku Iraq chomwe chikupitiriza kupha anthu a ku Iraq ndi kuwononga dziko lawo.
US ili ndi mbiri yoyipa ku Iraq. Milandu yaku US yomwe idayamba ndi nkhondo yoyamba ya Gulf mu 1991 ndikukulirakulira pakuwukira ndi kulanda 2003 ikupitilirabe lero kudzera pagulu lankhondo ndi ndale zomwe zidaperekedwa ku boma la Iraq. Pali njira zambiri zokhalira ogwirizana ndikuthandizira ma Iraqi lero - koma kwa ife omwe ndife okhoma misonkho aku US, tiyenera kuyamba ndikuyankha boma la US. Boma la US likugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zathu zamisonkho kuti lithandizire boma lankhanza komanso losagwira ntchito ku Iraq lomwe silingathe kudziyimira palokha - kotero pomwe ma Iraqi akuukira boma lothandizidwa ndi mayiko ena mdziko lawo, chochepera chomwe tingachite ndikuyitanitsa boma lathu. kuchepetsa thandizo lake ku boma la Iraq, ndikusiya kuthandizira kupha anthu aku Iraq.
Raed Jarrar (@raedjarrar) ndi wopenda ndale waku Arab-America komanso womenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe ku Washington, DC.
