Tikupempha Charlottesville kuti Akhale Wopatulika kuchokera ku Zida ndi Mafuta a Zakale

NTHAWI, mabungwe a zida za US amachititsa zida zowononga kuzipondereza zambirimbiri padziko lonse lapansi [1], ndipo makampani a Charlottesville panopa ali ndi ndalama zaboma zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito monga Boeing ndi Honeywell, omwe ndi ogulitsa akuluakulu a nkhondo ya Saudi Arabia kwa anthu a Yemen;

ZOCHITIKA, boma la tsopano lomwe lidaonetsa kusintha kwa nyengo, linayambitsa kuchotsa dziko la United States kudziko lonse lapansi, kuyesa kuthetsa sayansi ya nyengo, ndipo linayesetsa kulimbikitsa kupanga ndi kugwiritsira ntchito mafuta oyatsa moto, motero kugwa m'midzi, m'boma, ndi maboma a boma kuti atenge utsogoleri wa nyengo chifukwa cha chikhalidwe cha nzika zawo komanso thanzi la zochitika za m'deralo ndi m'madera;

NTHAWI, asilikali amathandiza kwambiri kusintha kwa nyengo [2], ndipo City of Charlottesville idandaulira US Congress kuti iwononge ndalama zochepa pa milandu komanso makamaka poteteza zosowa za anthu ndi zachilengedwe [3];

PAMENE, ndalama za Mzinda wa Charlottesville ziyenera kusonyeza kusintha komwe kwapempha ku Congress;

NGATI, kupitirizabe kusintha kwa nyengo kudzasintha kutentha kwa 4.5ºF ndi 2050, ndipo kulipira ndalama padziko lonse $ 32 trillion dollars [4];

ZOCHITIKA, zaka zisanu za kutentha kwa Virginia zinayamba kuwonjezeka kwambiri komanso zowonjezereka m'ma 1970s oyambirira, kuchoka ku 54.6 madigiri Fahrenheit ndiye ku 56.2 digrii mu 2012, ndipo dera la Piedmont lakula kutentha kwa madigiri 0.53 Zaka khumi, pamene Virginia adzakhala otentha monga South Carolina ndi 2050 komanso kumpoto kwa Florida ndi 2100 [5];

ZOCHITIKA, akatswiri azachuma ku yunivesite ya Massachusetts ku Amherst alemba kuti ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito nkhondo ndizochuma osati chuma chokhazikitsa ntchito, ndipo malonda awo m'madera ena ndi opindulitsa kwambiri [6];

ZOCHITIKA, ma satelesi amawonetsa matebulo a madzi akugwa padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo m'madera atatu ku United States angakumane ndi vuto lalikulu la "kusowa kwa madzi" chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo ndi pakati pa zaka za 21st, khumi mwa mabungwe oposa 3,100 akhoza kuthana ndi "zoopsa" za kusowa kwa madzi atsopano [7];

NGATI, nkhondo nthawi zambiri zimamenyedwa ndi zida zopangidwa ndi US zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mbali zonsezi [8];

NGATI, mafunde otentha amachititsa anthu ambiri kufa ku United States kusiyana ndi nyengo zina zam'mlengalenga (mphepo yamkuntho, kusefukira kwa mphezi, mphezi, ziphuphu, tornados, etc.) kuphatikizapo komanso mochititsa chidwi kwambiri kuposa imfa yonse ku uchigawenga, ndipo anthu pafupifupi 150 ku United States adzafa ndi kutentha kwakukulu tsiku lirilonse la chilimwe ndi 2040, ndi pafupi kufa kwa 30,000 kuzimitsa pachaka [9];

NGATI, maboma am'deralo m'makampani opanga zida zankhondo amathandizira mokwanira ndalama zowonongeka pa federal pa makampani omwewo, ambiri mwa iwo amadalira boma la boma monga msika wawo wamkulu;

PAMENE, pakati pa 1948 ndi 2006 "nyengo zozizira kwambiri" zinakula 25% ku Virginia, zomwe zimakhala zovuta pa ulimi, chiwonetsero chomwe chidzapitirize [10], ndi chiwerengero cha nyanja padziko lapansi chikuyembekezeredwa kuti chidzakwera mamita awiri pamapeto za zaka zapitazi, ndikukwera m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Virginia pakati pa dziko lapansi [11];

ZOCHITA, makampani a zida zomwe Charlottesville angachite kuti asayambe kuikapo zida zomwe zinabweretsa Charlottesville mu August 2017;

NGATI, zotsalira za mafuta zakuda ziyenera kudulidwa ndi 45% ndi 2030 ndi zero ndi 2050 kuti zithetse kutentha kwa 2.7 ºF (1.5 ºC) cholinga cha Paris Accord [12];

ZOCHITIKA, kusintha kwa nyengo kuli pangozi yaikulu kwa thanzi, chitetezo ndi chitukuko cha anthu a Charlottesville, ndipo American Academy of Pediatrics yachenjeza kuti kusintha kwa nyengo kumayambitsa thanzi labwino ndi chitetezo cha anthu, ndi ana omwe ali pangozi yapadera, kutenga "chinthu chofulumira, chotsatira" "chochita chosalungama kwa ana onse" [13];

NGATI, mlingo wa kuwombera misala ku United States ndipamwamba kulikonse m'mayiko otukuka, monga opanga zida zankhondo akupitiriza kulandira phindu lalikulu pamagazi omwe sitingayese kugulitsa madola athu onse;

NGATI, malonda a Mzindawo angakhale otsutsana ndi kudzipereka kwa Mzinda kukulinganiza ndi chilungamo;