NKHONDO YAKHALE NGATI MUKUFUNA

Purezidenti Barack Obama atalowa m'gulu la Henry Kissinger ndi anthu ena omwe adalandira mphoto za Nobel Peace, anachita chinachake chimene sindikuganiza kuti wina aliyense anachita kale mukulankhulana ndi Mtendere wa Mtendere. Anatsutsana za nkhondo:

"Padzakhala nthawi pamene mayiko - akuchita payekha kapena pamsonkhanowo - adzapeza kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu osati zofunikira zokha koma zoyenera. Ndimapereka mawu awa pamaganizo a Martin Luther King Jr. omwe adanena mwambo womwewo zaka zapitazo: 'Chiwawa sichibweretsa mtendere wamuyaya. Silingathetse vuto lililonse la anthu: limangopanga zatsopano komanso zovuta kwambiri. ' . . . Koma monga mkulu wa boma analumbirira kuti ateteze ndi kuteteza mtundu wanga, sindingathe kutsogoleredwa ndi zitsanzo za [King's and Gandhi] zokha. Ndikukumana ndi dziko monga momwe ziliri, ndipo sitingathe kuima panokha poopsyeza anthu a ku America. Musamaganize: Zoipa zimakhalapo padziko lapansi. Gulu lachiwawa lomwe silinali lachiwawa silinathe kuletsa magulu a Hitler. Zokambirana sizingathetse atsogoleri a al Qaeda kuti aike manja awo. Kunena kuti mphamvu zina nthawi zina zimakhala zofunikira sizitanidwa kuti zitheke - ndiko kuzindikira mbiri. . . . Choncho inde, zida zankhondo zimakhala ndi udindo woteteza mtendere. "

Koma, mukudziwa, sindinapeze aliyense wotsutsana ndi nkhondo yemwe sanakhulupirire kuti pali zoipa padziko lapansi. Ndipotu, timatsutsa nkhondo chifukwa ndizoipa. Kodi Martin Luther King, Jr., adayesedwa opanda vuto pamene akuopsezedwa? Mukunena zowona? Kodi Mfumu imatsutsa kuteteza ndi kuteteza anthu? Anagwiritsira ntchito cholinga chimenecho! Obama akunena kuti zosankha zake ndizo nkhondo kapena palibe. Koma chifukwa chake anthu amadziwa mayina Gandhi (yemwe sanapatsidwe mphoto ya Nobel Peace) ndipo Mfumu ndikuti iwo ankanena njira zina ndikutsimikizira kuti njira zinazo zingagwire ntchito. Kusagwirizana kwakukulu uku sikungathetsedwe. Nkhondo iliyonse ndiyo njira yokhayo kapena ayi - pokhapokha tiyenera kulingalira njira zina.

Kodi sitingathe kuletsa asilikali a Hitler popanda nkhondo yapadziko lonse? Kufuna kunena mosiyana ndizosautsa. Tikhoza kuyimitsa magulu a Hitler mwa kusamaliza nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lapansi ndi kuyesa kuti zikuwoneka kuti cholinga chake ndi kubereka mkwiyo wokhazikika ku Germany (kulanga anthu onse osati anthu, kufuna kuti Germany avomereze udindo wawo, kuchotsa gawo lake, malipiro a mphoto zomwe zikanatenga Germany masauzande angapo kuti azilipire), kapena mwa kuika mphamvu zathu mu League of Nations mosiyana ndi victor-chilungamo chogawa zofunkha, kapena kukhazikitsa ubale wabwino ndi Germany mu 1920s ndi 1930s, kapena kupititsa patsogolo maphunziro a mtendere ku Germany osati ku eugenics, kapena poopa mabungwe achiwawa kuposa omwe amasiya, kapena kupereka ndalama kwa Hitler ndi magulu ake ankhondo, kapena pothandiza Ayuda kupulumuka, kapena poletsa kuponderezedwa kwa mabomba a anthu, Kukaniza kosafunikira komwe kumafuna kulimbika mtima ndi kulimba mtima kuposa momwe tawonera m'nkhondo.

Taona kulimba mtima kotereku kutulukitsidwa kwa olamulira a ku Britain ochokera ku India, chifukwa cha kugonjetsedwa kwa mtsogoleri wa El Salvador ku 1944, pa ntchito zomwe zinathetsa Jim Crow ku United States ndi kusankhana mitundu ku South Africa. Tinaziwonapo pamene anthu ambiri adachotsedwa ku dziko la Philippines ku 1986, makamaka ku Iranian Revolution ya 1979, pakuwonongedwa kwa Soviet Union ku Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Czechoslovakia, ndi East Germany. komanso ku Ukraine mu 2004 ndi 2005, komanso mu zitsanzo zina zambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Nchifukwa chiyani dziko la Germany liyenera kukhala malo amodzi omwe mphamvu zamphamvu kuposa chiwawa sizikanatha?

Ngati simungavomereze kuti nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse ikanapewedweratu, palinso mfundo yofunika kwambiri yoganizira izi: Magulu a Hitler akhala atapita zaka 65 koma adagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti adziwe mliri waumunthu umene tinatulutsidwa mu 1928: WAR . Mitundu yambiri sichichita monga Nazi Germany, ndipo chifukwa chimodzi n'chakuti ambiri adzipindula ndikumvetsa mtendere. Iwo omwe amapanga nkhondo akudandaulira ku zochitika zowopsya mu mbiri ya dziko yomwe inathetsa zaka 65 zapitazo kuti ziwone zomwe akuchita - ndendende ngati palibe chomwe chasintha, monga momwe Mfumu ndi Gandhi ndi anthu mabiliyoni ena sanabwere ndi kupita adawathandiza kuti adziwe zomwe tingachite komanso zomwe tiyenera kuchita.

Zokambirana sizingamupangitse al Qaeda kuyika manja ake? Kodi Purezidenti akanadziwa bwanji izo? United States sinayese konsepo iyo. Yankho silingathe kukwaniritsa zofuna za magulu a nkhondo, motero amalimbikitsa uchigawenga, koma zodandaula motsutsana ndi United States zomwe zimakopera anthu ku chigawenga chotsutsana ndi US zikuwoneka zomveka:

Tulukani m'dziko lathu. Siyani bomba. Lekani kuopseza ife. Lekani kutisokoneza ife. Lekani kuwononga nyumba zathu. Lekani ndalama zogwirira ntchito m'mayiko athu.

Tiyenera kukwaniritsa zofunazo ngakhale popanda kukambirana ndi aliyense. Tiyenera kuleka kupanga ndi kugulitsa zida zambiri zomwe tikufuna kuti anthu ena "azigona pansi." Ndipo ngati titachita zimenezi, mungayang'ane za uchigawenga wotsutsa kwambiri wa US monga a Norwegiya omwe amapereka mphoto poona uchigawenga wotsutsana ndi Norway. Norway sanagwirizane ndi al Qaeda kapena kupha mamembala ake onse. Norway yangoleka kuchita zomwe asilikali a United States amachita.

Martin Luther King, Jr., ndi Barack Obama sagwirizana, ndipo imodzi yokhayo ikhoza kukhala yolondola. Ndikukhulupirira kuti zifukwa za bukhu lino zakukhudzani kumbali ya MLK ya kusagwirizana uku. Pogwirizana ndi Nobel Peace Prize, Mfumu inati:

"Chitukuko ndi chiwawa ndizo zotsutsana. Nkhanza za ku United States, zotsatizana ndi anthu a ku India, zasonyeza kuti kusayera sikunyoza, komabe mphamvu yamakhalidwe abwino yomwe imapangitsa kusintha kwa anthu. Posakhalitsa anthu onse adziko lapansi adzapeza njira yoti azikhala pamodzi mwamtendere, ndipo potero adzasintha amatsenga awa akuyembekezeredwa kukhala salmo lolenga la ubale. Ngati izi ziyenera kupindulidwa, munthu ayenera kuyambitsa mikangano yonse yaumunthu njira yomwe imakana kubwezera, kuzunza, ndi kubwezera. Maziko a njira yoteroyo ndi chikondi. "

Chikondi? Ndinkaganiza kuti ndi ndodo yayikulu, Navy yaikulu ya asilikali, chishango choteteza msilikali, ndi zida zogonjetsa. Mfumu ingakhale ili patsogolo pathu. Gawo ili lakulankhula kwa Mfumu 1964 likuyembekezeredwa kulankhula kwa Obama Zaka 45:

"Sindivomereza kuvomereza kuti mtundu uliwonse uyenera kuyendetsa masitepe akuluakulu ku gehena ya chiwonongeko cha nyukiliya. Ndimakhulupirira kuti choonadi chosasamalika ndi chikondi chosadziwika bwino chidzakhala ndi mawu omalizira. . . . Ndine wolimba mtima kukhulupirira kuti anthu kulikonse angakhale ndi chakudya chamtsiku tsiku la matupi awo, maphunziro ndi chikhalidwe cha malingaliro awo, ndi ulemu, chiyanjano ndi ufulu wa miyoyo yawo. Ndikukhulupirira kuti amuna omwe amadzikonda okha athyola amuna ena omwe angakhale nawo akhoza kumanga. "

Zina zogwirizana? Ndizosamvetseka bwanji kuganiza kuti dziko la United States ndi anthu ake akukhala amodzi. Zikuwoneka ngati adani achikondi kwambiri. Ndipo komabe pangakhale chinachake kwa icho.

Gawo: MUSAMAKHULUPIRIRO

Padzakhala nkhondo pokhapokha pali nkhondo. Ngati nkhondoyi itayambika popanda njira zapadera ndi kutsutsana kapena ngakhale chidziwitso cha anthu, tidzayenera kukakamiza kuzindikira ndi kulimbitsa mkangano. Ndipo tikatero, tidzakhala tikulimbana ndi mabodza a nkhondo. Ngati sitikuletsa kukonzekera nkhondo pa nthawi, nkhondo zazing'ono zidzakula, ndipo tidzakambidwa ndi kukangana kwapakati pa nkhondo zambiri kuposa kale lonse. Ndikuganiza kuti tikhoza kukhala okonzeka kukumana ndi mabodza onse a nkhondo ndikuwakana. Titha kuyembekezera kukumana ndi mabodza omwe timakumana nawo m'buku lino, nthawi zonse ndi zosiyana pang'ono.

Tidzauzidwa kuti woipayo pa nkhondo yathu ndi woipa komanso kuti zosankha zathu ndi nkhondo kapena kuvomereza zoipa. Tiyenera kukhala okonzeka kupereka zochitika zina ndikuwonetsa zokhumba zenizeni za opanga nkhondo. Adzatiuza kuti alibe chisankho, kuti nkhondoyi ndi yotetezeka, kuti nkhondoyi ndiyake yothandiza anthu, ndipo kuti kukayikira kuyambika kwa nkhondo ndiko kutsutsana ndi asilikali olimba mtima omwe sanatumize kukapha ndi kufa. Idzakhalanso nkhondo ina chifukwa cha mtendere.

Tiyenera kukana mabodza awa, mwatsatanetsatane, mwamsanga pamene akuwonekera. Koma sitifunikira ndipo sitiyenera kuyembekezera kuti nkhondo ikubwera. Nthawi yophunzitsa wina ndi mzake za zolinga za nkhondo ndi njira zomwe nkhondo zimalimbikitsidwa pakadali pano. Tiyenera kuphunzitsa anthu za chikhalidwe cha nkhondo, kotero kuti zithunzi zomwe zimafika pamitu yathu tikamva za nkhondo zikufanana ndi zenizeni. Tiyenera kuwonjezera kuzindikira za ngozi zoopsa za nkhondo, kuchulukitsa zida, kusokoneza zachilengedwe, kuwonongeka kwa nyukiliya, ndi kugwa kwachuma. Tiyenera kuonetsetsa kuti Amwenye amadziwa kuti nkhondo ndi yoletsedwa ndipo tonse timayamikira ulamuliro wa malamulo. Tiyenera kukhazikitsa machitidwe a maphunziro ndi maulendo omwe amafunika kuti azigawidwa zonsezi. Malingaliro ena a momwe mungachitire zinthu zimenezo angapezeke mubuku langa lapitalo la Daybreak.

Ngati tigwira ntchito kuti tisonyeze nkhondo yapachivumbulutso ndikutsutsana ndi nkhondo zomwe zikuchitika, panthawi yomweyi tikugwira ntchito yowononga asilikali ndi kumanga mtendere ndi ubale, tikhoza kumenyana nkhondo mobwerezabwereza monga ntchito. Koma tifunika kuchita zambiri kuposa kuphunzitsa. Sitingaphunzitse kuti nkhondo ndiloletsedwa popanda kutsutsa milandu. Sitingasangalatse anthu pakupanga zisankho zabwino za nkhondo pokhapokha ngati tilamulira mphamvu zankhondo ndikulola anthu kukhala ndi mphamvu pamasankho. Sitingathe kuyembekezera kuti akuluakulu osankhidwa a boma akuwonongeka kwathunthu ndi ndalama, ma TV, maphwando, kuthetsa nkhondo chifukwa tikufuna kuti zithetse ndipo chifukwa chapangitsa kuti tipeze zifukwa zamphamvu. Tiyenera kupitirira apo kuti tipeze mphamvu yakukakamiza oimira athu kuti atiyimire ife. Pali zida zambiri zomwe zingathandize pulojekitiyi, koma palibe zida zilizonse.

Chigawo: TIYENERA CHIYANI? ZOKHUDZA KWAMBIRI!

Gawo: NDIPO TIFUNA KUTI? TSOPANO!

Ngati mgwirizano wathu uli wokhazikika kutsutsana ndi nkhondo iliyonse yomwe ikufunsidwa ndikufuna kuti nkhondo yonse yamakono ifike, tikhoza kupewa kapena kuchepetsa nkhondo zina, koma nkhondo zambiri zidzabwera kumbuyo komwe. Milandu iyenera kusokonezedwa, koma panopa mphoto ikupindula.

Kuwomba nkhondo sikuyenera kutanthauza kulanga anthu onse, monga momwe zinachitikira ku Germany pambuyo pa nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse ndi ku Iraq pambuyo pa nkhondo ya Gulf. Sitiyeneranso kusankha anthu ochepa omwe amawachitira zinthu zoipa, amawatcha "maapulo oipa," ndipo amatsutsa milandu yawo poyesa kuti nkhondoyo inavomerezedwa. Kuyankha kuyenera kuyambira pamwamba.

Izi zikutanthauza kukakamiza nthambi yoyamba ya boma lathu kutsimikizira kuti kulipo. Ngati simukudziwa chomwe nthambi yoyamba ya boma lathu ili, tengani buku la Constitution ya US ndipo muwerenge zomwe mutu Woyamba I uli pafupi. Malamulo onse akugwirizana pa pepala limodzi, kotero izi siziyenera kukhala ntchito yayitali.

Izi zikutanthawuza kutsata zochitika zomwe makhoti a boma ndi a milandu angakwaniritse kuderalo, dziko, federal, kunja, ndi mayiko ena. Zimatanthauza kugawa zinthu ndi mabwenzi athu m'mayiko ena omwe akufufuza mwakhama zovuta za boma lawo muzolakwa zathu za boma kapena kutsutsa milandu yathu yomwe ili pansi pa chilengedwe chonse.

Izi zikutanthawuza kuphatikizapo International Criminal Court, kuwonetsa kuti tikuyenera kuweruzidwa, ndikuthandizira kutsutsa ena omwe pali chifukwa chomveka chokhulupirira kuti apanga ziwawa za nkhondo.

Pali ena mwa ife omwe amapanga ndi kulimbikitsa mabodza a nkhondo, omwe amapereka ulemu kwa akuluakulu ndikukhulupirira chilichonse chimene akuuzidwa kuti akhulupirire, iwo omwe akupusitsidwa, ndi omwe akuyenda chifukwa chosavuta. Pali mabodza a boma ndi odzipereka odzipereka omwe akuthandizira pazinthu zamalonda kapena zofalitsa. Ndipo pali ambiri a ife omwe amayesetsa kuti timvetse zomwe zikuchitika ndikuyankhula pamene tikufunikira.

Tiyenera kuyankhula za gehena zambiri, kuphunzitsa anthu omwe apusitsidwa, kulimbikitsa iwo amene akhala chete, ndikuyankhira iwo amene amapanga mabodza.

Gawo: DEMOCRATIZING MPHAMVU ZA NKHONDO

The Ludlow Amendment idakonzedwa kuti asinthe malamulo a US kulamula kuti anthu a ku America azisankhidwa kuti dziko la United States lisanamenyane nawo nkhondo. Mu 1938, kusintha kumeneku kunkawoneka ku Congress. Kenaka Pulezidenti Franklin Roosevelt anatumiza kalata kwa Wokamba Nyumbayo ponena kuti pulezidenti sakanakhoza kuchita ndondomeko yachilendo yachilendo ngati yapita, pambuyo pake kusinthako kunalephera 209-188.

Malamulo oyambirira kuyambira pachiyambi ndipo lero akufuna voti ku Congress asanafike ku United States kunkhondo. Chimene Roosevelt anali kuuza Congress chinali chakuti atsogoleli amafunika kuti akhale omasuka kuphwanya malamulo omwe alipo kale kapena kuti referendum ya boma ikhoza kukana nkhondo pamene Congress, mosiyana, iyenera kuwerengedwa kuti ichite monga adauzidwa. Zoonadi, anthu amatha kukana nkhondo kuposa Congress, ndipo zisankho zapadera sizikanakhala zikuchitika pakanthawi. Congress inalengeza nkhondo ku Japan tsiku loyamba pambuyo pa Pearl Harbor. Anthu ambiri angaperekedwe sabata kuti azikhala ndi referendum, panthawi yomwe chidziwitso cholondola chikhoza kufalikira ndi Wofalitsa wa White House Press Robert Gibbs ku 2010 atanyozedwa monga "akatswiri anasiya."

Anthu amatha kuvomereza nkhondo yosavomerezeka, komabe. Ndiye ife tikanakhala ndi nkhondo yovomerezedwa ndi mafumu enieni a mtunduwo, ngakhale kuti nkhondo imeneyo ikanaletsedwa ndi malamulo omwe anakhazikitsidwa kale kupyolera mu ndondomeko yotengedwa kuti ikuimira zofuna za anthu. Koma izi sizingatiike poyipa kwambiri kuposa momwe tiliri panopa, ndi anthu omwe amachotsedwa ku bungwe loyendetsa ndalama ndi a congress akuyankha kwa osungira ndalama zawo, maphwando awo, ndi makampani omwe ali nawo. Ngati tasintha lamulo la Constitution, kudzera mu Congress kapena kudzera mu msonkhano wotchedwa States, tikhoza kuchotsanso ndalama kuchokera ku chisankho ndikubwezeretsanso ku Washington.

Ngati tinkamvetsera ku Washington, kusintha kwakukulu kudzapangidwa. Kukhala ndi Congress kumvetsera kwathu sikungatifikitse ife kutali kupatula Congress itabwezeretsanso mphamvu zomwe wapereka kwa White House kwa zaka mazana ambiri. Tidzafunika kuthetsa CIA ndi mabungwe onse obisika ndi mabungwe okonzekera nkhondo, ndi kukhazikitsa ndondomeko yoyang'anira asilikali onse. Tidzafunika kuti bungwe la Congress lidziwe kuti likhoza kusankha ngati silikugwirizanitsa ndalama, komanso kuti liyenera kuchita mogwirizana ndi chifuniro cha anthu.

Sichidzapweteketse kulimbikitsa Nkhondo za Nkhondo kuthetsa zosiyana ndikuwonjezera malire ndi zilango. Zingathandizenso kupanga nkhondo ndi nkhondo zankhanza zomwe zimaphwanyaphwanya malamulo a US, kuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito makampani osungira usilikali komanso ogwira ntchito payekha m'gulu la asilikali, kutumiza olemba ntchito kusukulu, kukana kulembetsa malonda, ndi kusintha kwina.

Ndiyeno tifunika kupitiliza kusintha, kulamulira democratizing, ndi kudyetsa bungwe la United Nations, zomwe - mwa njira - ambiri a ku America adagwirizana nazo za Iraq. UN anali yolondola pamene zinali zofunika; anthu ambiri a ku America anabwera kudzakhulupirira kuti nkhondo inali yolakwika zaka zotsatira.

Gawo: KUSAKHALA KUKHALA KUSANGALIRA KUKHULUPIRIRA

Kulimbikitsa kusintha kwa boma kumafuna kukonzekera komanso kutenga pangozi kupatula maphunziro ndi kukopa. Gulu la mtendere likhoza kufuna nsembe zazikulu. Chidziwitso chokhala wotsutsa mtendere ndi pang'ono chabe ngati chisangalalo chopita ku nkhondo, kusiyana kwakukulu pokhala anthu olemera sakukuthandizani.

Kukonzekera kwa usilikali kukulimbikitsidwa ndi chithandizo chochuluka kwambiri chomwe ndikulemba ndikuyesetsa kuti anthu a ku America ali ndi ufulu wolingana nawo kuti azichita nawo milandu ya nkhondo. Amuna ogonana amodzi akuyenera kufunsa ufulu wofanana kuti asatuluke. Kusintha kwachiwiri kwakukulu kukukakamiza pakadali pano ndi kulola alendo kuti akhale nzika mwa kulowa usilikali, popanda kuwapatsa njira zina zopanda zachiwawa zina osati ku koleji, zomwe alendo ambiri sangakwanitse. Tiyenera kuchita manyazi.

Tiyenera kukhala ogwira ntchito, monga ambiri, kuti tipeze kukana pakati pa asilikali ndi kuthandiza anthu amene amakana malamulo. Tiyenera kulimbitsa zoyesayesa zathu kuti tigonjetse ntchito ndikuthandizira achinyamata kupeza njira zabwino za ntchito.

Ngati mukulonjeza kuti mudzakhazikitsa tebulo kunja kwa ofesi yolembera, ndikukutumizirani ma bukhu a buku ili otsika mtengo kwambiri. Kodi mungapereke limodzi ku laibulale yanu? Msonkhano wanu? Nyuzipepala yanu yapafupi? Mlamu wanu ndi "Ngati mungathe kuwerenga izi, muli muyeso" choyimitsa bomba? Ine ndikusindikizira bukhu ili, ndikuloleza kuti ndizipereke mopanda mtengo kwa magulu omwe akufuna kuigulitsa ndikukweza ndalama pazochita zawo. Onani WarIsALie.org.

Tikufuna anthu olimbikitsidwa kuti agwire ntchito yowononga chuma cha nkhondo ndikusintha ndikukhala mwamtendere. Izi sizingakhale zovuta ngati zimveka pamene anthu adziwa kuti ndi momwe tingakhalire ntchito ndi ndalama. Mgwirizano waukulu ukhoza kumangidwanso ndikuphatikizapo omwe akufuna ndalama zothandizira usilikali komanso kuchepetsa ndalama zowonjezera nkhondo, pamodzi ndi iwo amene akufuna ndalama zowonjezera ntchito, masukulu, mphamvu, zipangizo zamakono, kayendedwe, mapaki, ndi nyumba. Panthawi ya kulembedwa, bungwe la coalition linayamba kusonkhana pamodzi lomwe linaphatikizapo gulu limodzi la mtendere (anthu omwe ankadziwa kuti ndalama zonse zinali zopanda phindu) komanso ntchito zina, magulu a anthu ogwira ntchito, ufulu wa anthu ovomerezeka, ndi otsutsa mphamvu zamtundu (anthu omwe ankadziŵa kuti ndalama zonse zinali zotani).

Ndili ndi Amereka omwe akukumana ndi kusowa ntchito ndi kutsegulidwa, zomwe akuziika patsogolo sizothetsa nkhondo. Koma kayendetsedwe kogulitsa ndalama kuchokera ku usilikali kuti apereke ufulu waumwini kunyumba amachititsa chidwi aliyense. Kubweretsa otsutsa kutsogolo pa nkhani za mdziko lonse pamodzi ndi iwo ogwira ntchito zapakhomo amatha kuphatikiza zinthu zazikulu ndi njira yowopsya komanso yowopsya - sizikhala zosavuta, koma nthawi zonse ndizofunikira.

Ngati timanga mgwirizano woterewu, gulu la mtendere lidzatha kuwonjezera mphamvu zake mwa njira yokonzekera zofuna zapakhomo. Pakalipano, magulu a anthu ogwira ntchito ndi magulu a anthu, komanso magwirizano ena amatsutsa kuti akufuna ndalama zokhazokha (ntchito, nyumba, mphamvu, ndi zina zotero) zomwe ziri zoyenera kuthera nkhondo. Izi zidzateteza zochitika zomwe tinaziwona mu 2010 pamene ndalama zothandizira aphunzitsi zidaphatikizidwa mu ngongole yolipirira kuchuluka kwa nkhondo ku Afghanistan. Mgwirizanitsi wa aphunzitsiwo anawoneka kuti akukakamizika kubwezeretsa lamulo lililonse lomwe lingapangitse mamembala awo kugwiritsira ntchito nthawiyo, kotero iwo analimbikitsa ndalamazo popanda kunena kuti chigawo chachikulu chake chinali ndondomeko ya nkhondo, podziwa bwino kuti nkhondo idzapitirizabe kudya pachuma chathu monga khansara powonjezera ngozi zauchigawenga.

Zing'onozing'ono, zolakalaka, zowonjezera, ndi zopindulitsa zingakhale zogwirizana zogulira ndalama kusukulu m'malo mwa nkhondo! Kodi pangakhale ndalama zambiri zopezeka ndalama! Mgwirizanowu wotsutsana nawo ungasokoneze Congress. Sizingatheke kupyolera mu ndalama zothandizira nkhondo pothandizira ndalama zochepa zothandizira pangozi pamwamba. Liwu lathu logwirizana likanakhoza kugwedeza kupyolera mu nyumba zaofesi za Capitol Hill:

Gwiritsani ntchito ndalamazo kuti mupereke ndalama za 10,000 nthawi yomwe mwapatsidwa chithandizo, koma musamalipire nkhondo!

Kuti izi zitheke, magulu omwe achoka ku ndondomeko yachilendo adzazindikira kuti ndalama zonse zikupita, kuti nkhondo zikuyendetsa ndale kutali ndi kuzunzika kwapakhomo kwa moyo wabwino, kuti nkhondo zikuchotsa ufulu wathu, Nkhondozo zimatiopseza ife tonse, kaya takhala tizinthu zabwino ndikupukuta mbendera zathu za nkhondo kapena ayi.

Khoti lamtendere liyenera kuzindikira kuti ndalama ndizochitika. Nkhondo ziri ndi ndalama, ndipo wina aliyense akuzifuna izo. Izi zikutanthawuza kutengapo mbali zofanana pa zokambirana zofooka ndi zochepa za "benchmarks" kapena kulingalira kwa nzeru za dziko kapena zopempha zosavomerezeka za "ndandanda" zomwe sizidziwika "za kuchotsa. Kungatanthawuze kukhala ngati laser pa ndalama.

Kukhazikitsa mgwirizano wotero kumafuna kukonza kunja kwa maphwando a Washington. Magulu ambiri ogwira ntchito ndi ogwirizanitsa ntchito ndi okhulupirika kwa maphwando awiri, onse omwe amatsatira malamulo omwe anthu a ku America amatsutsa, kuphatikizapo nkhondo. Mchitidwe wotsatizana ndi nthawi yowonongeka ikuchokera ku Congress, ndipo gulu la mtendere limalimbikitsa. Kufuna kuthetsa ndalamazo kumachokera pakati pa anthu ndipo ziyenera kuperekedwa ku Congress. Ndicho kusiyana kwakukulu komwe kumayenera kutsogolera zokonza zathu.

Ndipo bungwe liyenera kuchitidwa. Pa October 2, 2010, bungwe lalikulu linagwirizanitsa msonkhano ku Lincoln Memorial ku Washington, DC Okonza ntchitoyi adayesetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mgwirizanowu kuti afunse ntchito, kuteteza Social Security, ndi kupititsa patsogolo maganizo awo, komanso kusangalatsa Democratic Party, omwe utsogoleri wawo sunali pa bolodi ndi pulogalamuyo. Gulu lodziimira palokha likanatha kubwezeretsa ndale, kuphatikizapo mademokrasi, koma adzalandira ndalamazo pothandizira malo athu.

Gulu la mtendere linaphatikizidwa mu bungwe, ngati salipereke ndalama zowonjezera, ndipo mabungwe ambiri amtendere adagwira nawo mbali. Tapeza kuti pakati pa anthu zikwizikwi za mgwirizanowu ndi ovomerezeka ndi ufulu wa anthu omwe anawonekera, pafupifupi onse anali ofunitsitsa kunyamula zojambula zotsutsana ndi nkhondo. Ndipotu uthenga wakuti "Ndalama Zogwira Ntchito, Osati Nkhondo," inali yotchuka kwambiri. Ngati wina sagwirizana, sindinamvepo. Mutu wa msonkhanowu unali "Mtundu umodzi wogwira ntchito pamodzi," uthenga wachikondi koma wosadziwika bwino sitinakwiyitse munthu wina aliyense kuti athandizane. Ndikudandaula kuti anthu ambiri akanatha kuwonetsa ndipo uthenga wamphamvu ukanati ukaperekedwe ngati mutu wa mutu wakuti "Bweretsani Ndalama Zathu Zamagulu A Nkhondo!"

Chilankhulo china chikuposa ena onse tsiku limenelo. Wokamba nkhaniyo anali woimba nyimbo wa 83 wa zaka zakubadwa komanso woimba milandu Harry Belafonte, mawu ake anali ovuta, okhwima, ndi okhwima. Awa anali ena mwa mawu ake:

"Martin Luther King, Jr., mu liwu lake lakuti 'Ndili ndi Maloto' analankhula zaka 47 zapitazo, ananena kuti America posachedwapa adzazindikira kuti nkhondo yomwe tinali nayo panthawi imeneyo yomwe dziko lino linkapita ku Vietnam sizinali zodziwika, koma osadabwitsa. Amwenye makumi asanu ndi atatu mphambu asanu ndi atatu a ku America anafa mu ulendo woopsawu, ndipo anthu oposa 2 miliyoni a Vietnamese ndi a Cambodia anafa. Tsopano lero, pafupi zaka theka la zana, pamene ife tikusonkhana kumalo ano kumene Dr. King anapempherera moyo wa fuko lalikulu ili, nzika zikwi zambiri kuchokera ku miyandamiyanda yonse yafika kuno lero kuti abwezeretse maloto ake ndi kachiwiri ndikuyembekeza kuti America onse posachedwapa adzazindikira kuti nkhondo zomwe timapereka lerolino kumayiko akutali ndizo zachiwerewere, zosadziwika komanso zosadabwitsa.

"Central Intelligence Agency, mu lipoti lake lovomerezeka, imatiuza kuti mdani amene timawafuna ku Afghanistan ndi Pakistan, al-Qaeda, iwo amawerengeka pang'ono kuposa 50 - Ndikunena 50 - anthu. Kodi timaganizadi kuti kutumiza amuna ndi akazi achimuna a ku America a ku America kuti aphe anthu osalakwa, akazi, ndi ana, ndikutsutsa anthu mamiliyoni ambiri m'dera lonse mwanjira ina amatipulumutsa? Kodi izi zimapangitsa kumveka?

"Pulezidenti atasankha kuthetsa nkhondo m'derali yekha, amawononga dziko la $ 33 biliyoni. Ndalama imeneyo siingangopanga ntchito 600,000 kuno ku America, koma ingatichotsere mabiliyoni angapo kuti tiyambe kumanga masukulu athu, misewu yathu, zipatala komanso nyumba zogona. Zingathandizenso kumanganso miyoyo ya anthu ambirimbiri omwe anabwerera kwawo akuvulazidwa. "

Gawo: KUCHITA ZIZINDIKIRO

Kusintha ndalama zathu pazokhazikika ndikupeza mavoti oyera ku Congress kuti tipereke ndalama zonse zomwe tikufuna kutipangitsa kuti tizitha kuwongoka, osadziwika (sindinganene kuti ndiyeretsa) mavoti pa nkhondo. Ndipo ma votiwa amatipatsa mndandanda wazinthu ziwiri: mndandanda wa omwe adachita zomwe tinawawuza komanso mndandanda wa omwe sanatero. Koma mndandandawu sungathe kukhalabe, monga momwe zilili lerolino, mndandanda wa anthu a mu congress kuti awathokoze ndi mndandanda wa anthu omwe ali pamsonkhanowo kuti ayende mofatsa. Ayenera kukhala mndandanda wa omwe titi tifotokozeretse ndi omwe titi tiwatumize. Ngati simungatumize wolemba ndale kuti azisankhira pa chisankho chifukwa cha phwando lomwe ali nalo, kenaka m'malo mwake muwabwezeretseni pachiyambi. Koma tumizani iwo kunyamula zomwe tikuyenera, kapena iwo samvera malamulo athu, ngakhale titapambana pa zana la 100 la dziko ndikukana bodza lililonse tsiku lomwe likunenedwa.

Kuumiriza osankhidwa pakati pa chisankho kudzafunikanso. Kupanda malire kutseka makampani ogulitsa mafakitale a magulu angagwiritse ntchito zofuna zathu molimba kwambiri. Koma sitingathe kukhala ndi maofesi osankhidwa omwe akufunafuna mtendere pokhapokha atalonjeza kuti tiwavotere, ziribe kanthu zomwe akuchita - osati ngati tikufuna kuti tizimva.

Ngati mumakhala ndi maofesi a a congress ndikuvotera kuntchito ndikukukhulupirirani, ndipo ngati mukufuna kuti tiyende mumsewu ndikupempha perezidenti, maganizo athu sangakhale osiyana kwambiri mukuganiza. Tiyenera kuyenda m'misewu. Tiyeneranso kupanga magulu a demokalase ndikupanga gawo lililonse la chikhalidwe chathu ndi chiwerengero chathu. Ndipo tifunika kuyendayenda mu suites, nawonso, kuti tisokoneze zomwe zikuchitika ndikugwira chidwi ndi omwe ali ndi udindo powauza kuti titha kuthetsa ntchito zawo. Ngati izo "zikugwira ntchito ndi dongosolo" Ine ndithudi ndikuyembekeza palibe aliyense amayesera kugwira ntchito monga choncho ndi ine. Sitingathe kunyalanyaza boma lathu, kapena kulimvera. Tiyenera kukakamiza chifuniro chathu pa izo. Izi zimafuna, pokhapokha kulibe madola mamiliyoni ambiri kuti "apereke," anthu mamiliyoni ambiri odzipatulira. Anthu amenewo akufunikira kudziwa komwe angakakamizire. Yankho limodzi lofunika lili pa bukhu la anthu.

Kuwonekera kwa azidindo sikuvulaza. Zoonadi, iyi ndi njira ina yodziwira kuti tikufunikira kuti tifikire aliyense kulikonse. Ndipo ife timatero. Koma tili ndi mphamvu zochepa kwambiri pa atsogoleri kuposa a mamembala a Nyumba ya Oyimira - ndipo akunena chinachake! Ngati tilandira lingaliro lakuti apurezidenti, ndi azidindo okha, ali ndi mphamvu zoyambitsa ndi kuthetsa nkhondo, tidzatsimikizira kuti tili ndi nkhondo zambiri kuchokera kwa atsogoleri ambiri, ngati dziko lidzakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali.

Mphamvu ya nkhondo iyenera kukhala ya ife. Ngati tingapeze njira yowonongera nkhondo ya a Purezidenti, izi zigwira ntchito. Ngati titha kuchita zimenezi poyang'anira ndikupatsanso mphamvu Congress, zomwe zikuwoneka ngati zochepa, zomwe zidzathandizanso. Malingana ngati mukuyesera kukopa munthu ku nkhondo kapena ku mtendere, kaya ndi membala wa pulezidenti, pulezidenti, wopanga zida, msilikali, mnansi, kapena mwana, mukuchita ntchito yoyenera kulemekeza kwambiri dziko lapansi.

Gawo: CHIKONDI NDI CHOONADI

Mu November 1943, anthu asanu ndi limodzi a mumzinda wa Coventry, England, omwe adaphedwa ndi mabomba a Germany, adalembera a New Statesman kuti awononge mabomba a mizinda ya Germany, kunena kuti "maganizo" onse a Coventry ndi " monga adachitira. "

Mu 1997, pa tsiku la 60th lakumenya kwa mabomba a Guernica, pulezidenti wa ku Germany adalembera kalata anthu a Basque akupepesa chifukwa cha mabomba a Nazi. Mtsogoleri wa Guernica analemba ndi kuvomereza kupepesa.

Mipingo ya Akazi Ozunzidwa Chifukwa cha Ufulu Wachibadwidwe ndi bungwe lapadziko lonse, lochokera ku United States, la anthu omwe amachitira nkhanza za kuphana, kupha boma, kuphwanya malamulo, komanso "zowoneka" omwe amatsutsa chilango cha imfa nthawi zonse.

Mawa Amtendere ndi bungwe lozikidwa ndi mamembala a anthu omwe anaphedwa pa September 11, 2001, omwe amati ali

"Timagwirizanitsa kutembenuza chisoni chathu kuti chichititse mtendere. Pomwe tikukhazikitsa ndi kulimbikitsa zosankha ndi zochitika zosasamala kuti tichite chilungamo, tikuyembekeza kuthetseratu zachiwawa zomwe zimayambitsa nkhondo ndi uchigawenga. Podziwa zomwe timakumana nazo ndi anthu onse okhudzidwa ndi chiwawa padziko lonse lapansi, timayesetsa kukhazikitsa dziko lopanda mtendere komanso lamtendere. "

Chomwechonso tiyenera tonse.

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