Ndi David Swanson
Jimmy Carter adatcha nkhondo yomwe idachitika ku Vietnam ndi United States - nkhondo yomwe idapha 60,000 aku America ndi 4,000,000 Vietnamese, osawotcha tawuni imodzi yaku US kapena nkhalango - "kuphatikizana" kuwonongeka. Ronald Reagan anachitcha "cholemekezeka" ndi "chifukwa cholungama." Barack Obama amalimbikitsa nthano ya kuzunzidwa kofala kwa omenyera nkhondo aku US, akudzudzula a Vietnamese kuti ndi "wankhanza," ndipo wakhazikitsa pulogalamu yazaka 13, $ 65 miliyoni yofalitsa uthenga kulemekeza zomwe Vietnamese amachitcha Nkhondo yaku America:
"Pamene tikukumbukira zaka 50 za nkhondo ya ku Vietnam, timasinkhasinkha ndi kulemekeza kwambiri mphamvu ya m'badwo umene unatumikira mwaulemu. Timapereka ulemu kwa antchito ndi akazi opitilira 3 miliyoni omwe adasiya mabanja awo kuti akatumikire molimba mtima, dziko lakutali. . . Anadutsa m’nkhalango ndi m’minda ya mpunga, kutentha ndi mvula yamkuntho, kumenyana mwamphamvu kuti ateteze malingaliro amene timawakonda monga Achimereka.”
Ndi malingaliro ati amene angakhale amenewo? Kumbukirani, iyi inali nkhondo yoipa mosiyana ndi imene Nkhondo Yadziko II inadziŵika kuti “nkhondo yabwino.” Koma Pentagon ikufuna kusokoneza kukumbukira kulikonse kwa Vietnam. Mamembala a bungwe lodabwitsa, Veterans For Peace, pakadali pano ayambitsa kampeni yawo yophunzitsa kuti athane ndi Pentagon's. VietnamFullDisclosure.org, ndipo Komiti Yokumbukira Mtendere ku Vietnam yachitanso chimodzimodzi pa MaphunziroOfVietnam.com. Kale, Pentagon yakakamizika kukonza zina mwazolakwika zake. Umboni wa kukula kwa kuphedwa ku Vietnam ukupitirirabe kutulukira, ndipo mwadzidzidzi zakhala zovomerezeka padziko lonse lapansi m'masukulu ndi atolankhani amakampani kuvomereza kuti woyimira pulezidenti Richard M. Nixon mobisa kuonongedwa zokambirana zamtendere mu 1968 zomwe zidawoneka kuti zitha kuthetsa nkhondoyo mpaka adalowererapo. Zotsatira zake, nkhondo idapitilira ndipo Nixon adapambana chisankho ndikulonjeza kuti athetsa nkhondo, zomwe sanachite. Zingawoneke ngati zikugwira ntchito pano ngati malire azaka 50 osamalira za chiwembu kapena kupha anthu ambiri. Tangoganizani zomwe zingakhale zovomerezeka kunena za nkhondo zamasiku ano zaka 50 kuchokera pamenepo!
Ndipo komabe, mabodza ambiri okhudza Vietnam amanenedwabe, ndipo zowonadi zambiri sizidziwika. Nixon atasokoneza zokambirana zamtendere, ophunzira aku US ndi Vietnamese adakambirana zawozawo Mgwirizano wa Mtendere wa Anthu, ndipo adagwiritsa ntchito kukakamiza Nixon kuti adzipange yekha.
Mayi Nguyen Thi Binh analemba kuti: “Tiyerekeze kuti dziko la Viet Nam silinasangalale ndi gulu logwirizana padziko lonse, makamaka ku United States. "Ngati ndi choncho, sitikadatha kugwedeza zofuna za Washington."
Pangano la People’s Peace linayamba motere:
"Dziwani kuti anthu aku America ndi Vietnamese si adani. Nkhondo ikuchitika m’maina a anthu a ku United States ndi South Vietnam koma popanda chilolezo chathu. Imawononga dziko ndi anthu aku Vietnam. Imawononga America chuma chake, unyamata wake ndi ulemu wake.
“Pamenepa tikuvomereza kuthetsa nkhondoyo motsatira mfundo zotsatirazi, kotero kuti anthu onse aŵiri adzakhala pansi pa chimwemwe cha ufulu wodzilamulira ndi kudzipereka okha kumanga chitaganya chozikidwa pa kufanana kwa anthu ndi kulemekeza dziko lapansi. Pokana nkhondoyi timakananso mitundu yonse ya tsankho ndi tsankho kwa anthu chifukwa cha mtundu, kalasi, kugonana, chiyambi cha dziko, ndi mafuko omwe amapanga maziko a ndondomeko za nkhondo, zakale ndi zamakono, za boma la United States.
“1. Anthu aku America amavomereza kuti asitikali onse aku US achoke ku Vietnam nthawi yomweyo komanso kwathunthu.
“2. Lonjezo la Vietnamese kuti, boma la US likangokhazikitsa poyera tsiku loti achoke, azikakambirana kuti amasulidwe akaidi onse aku America, kuphatikiza oyendetsa ndege omwe adagwidwa akuphulitsa mabomba kumpoto kwa Vietnam. "
Atsogoleri asanu ndi anayi a gulu lodana ndi nkhondo ku US lazaka za m'ma 1960 ayika malingaliro awo apano mu a buku likubwera wotchedwa Anthu Amapanga Mtendere: Maphunziro ochokera ku Vietnam Antiwar Movement. Kusuntha kwa zaka za m'ma 1960 ndi kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1970 kunali kofala komanso kwamphamvu kuposa zomwe tikudziwa lero. Icho chinali mbali ya chikhalidwe chochuluka chotsutsa. Inapindula ndi nkhondo zapawailesi yakanema ndi zionetsero za pawailesi yakanema. Zinapindula ndi chitetezo chazachuma chomwe chili ndi zolakwika kwambiri, kuposa masiku ano, kufalitsa nkhani, ndi machitidwe a zisankho, zotsatira za ndondomekoyi, ndipo - ndithudi - luso ndi kulimba mtima ndi khama la omenyera mtendere.
Amene akuthandizira bukuli, ndi omwe adabwerera ku Vietnam posachedwapa, ndi Rennie Davis, Judy Gumbo, Alex Hing, Doug Hostetter, Jay Craven, Becca Wilson, John McAuliff, Myra MacPherson, ndi Nancy Kurshan. Malingaliro awo pankhondo, chikhalidwe cha Vietnamese, ndi chikhalidwe cha US, ndi gulu lamtendere ndi zamtengo wapatali.
Iyi inali nkhondo yomwe a Vietnamese ndi America adadzipha okha kuti achite ziwonetsero. Iyi inali nkhondo imene anthu a ku Vietnam anaphunzira kuweta nsomba m’mabomba. Iyi inali nkhondo yomwe omenyera ufulu wa US adapita ku Vietnam mosaloledwa kuti akaphunzire zankhondo ndikugwirira ntchito yamtendere. Iyi ndi nkhondo yomwe anthu amamwalirabe ndi zida zomwe zimaphulika zaka zambiri pambuyo pake kapena ndi poizoni omwe amatenga nthawi yayitali kuti aphedwe. Anthu a m'badwo wachitatu omwe ali ndi zilema zobadwa amakhala m'madera omwe ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda padziko lapansi.
Nixon adadzilemba yekha akudandaula za Pangano la Mtendere wa People's ndi ndodo yake. Patapita zaka ziwiri, iye anagwirizananso ndi mfundo zofanana ndi zimenezi. Panthawiyi, anthu masauzande ambiri anafa.
Ndipo komabe a Vietnamese amasiyanitsa momveka bwino, monga momwe amachitira nthawi zonse, olimbikitsa mtendere ku US kuchokera ku boma lotentha la US. Amakonda ndi kulemekeza Norman Morrison yemwe adadziwotcha mpaka kufa ku Pentagon. Amapitirizabe popanda mkwiyo, chidani, kapena chiwawa. Mkwiyo womwe udakalipobe ku United States kuchokera ku Nkhondo Yachiŵeniŵeni ku US sikuwoneka mu chikhalidwe cha Vietnamese. Anthu aku America amatha kuphunzira kuchokera ku malingaliro aku Vietnamese. Titha kuphunziranso phunziro la nkhondo - osachitenga ngati matenda otchedwa "Vietnam syndrome" - phunziro loti nkhondo ndi yachiwerewere komanso ngakhale pazokha zotsutsana. Kuzindikira zimenezo kungakhale chiyambi cha thanzi.
