Chisinthiko Chamtendere Chosayembekezereka cha Masiku Ano

(Ili ndi gawo 56 la World Beyond War pepala woyera A Global Security System: An Alternative Nkhondo. Pitirizani ku yapitayi | zotsatirazi gawo.)

Chodabwitsa ndichakuti, ngati munthu atayang'ana zaka 200 zapitazi za mbiriyakale, samangowona kutukuka kwa nkhondo, komanso njira yamphamvu yakukhalira mwamtendere ndikukhazikitsa chikhalidwe chamtendere, kusintha kwenikweni. Kuyambira pakuwonekera koyamba m'mbiri yamabungwe omwe nzika zawo zadzipereka kuthana ndi nkhondo koyambirira kwa zaka za 19th, machitidwe ena a 28 akuwoneka bwino akuwatsogolera ku njira yamtendere yapadziko lonse. Izi zikuphatikiza: kuwonekera koyamba kwa makhothi apadziko lonse lapansi (kuyambira ndi Khothi Lachilungamo Ladziko Lonse mu 1899); a mabungwe apalamulo apadziko lonse olamulira nkhondo (League mu 1919 ndi UN mu 1946); kukhazikitsidwa kwa asitikali apadziko lonse lapansi achitetezo motsogozedwa ndi UN (Blue Helmet) ndi mabungwe ena apadziko lonse lapansi monga African Union, yomwe yakhala ikuchitika pamikangano yambiri padziko lonse lapansi kwazaka zopitilira 50; kukhazikitsidwa kwa nkhondo yopanda chiwawa m'malo mwa nkhondo, kuyambira ndi Gandhi, wopitilizidwa ndi King, adakwaniritsa zolimbana ndi kulanda Ufumu wa Communist East, Marcos ku Philippines, ndi Mubarak ku Egypt ndi kwina kulikonse (ngakhale kugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino motsutsana ndi a Nazi ); kukhazikitsidwa kwa njira zatsopano zothetsera kusamvana komwe kumadziwika kuti kukambirana kosakhala kotsutsana, kupikisana pakati panu, kapena kupambana-kupambana; chitukuko cha kafukufuku wamtendere ndi maphunziro amtendere kuphatikiza kufalikira mwachangu mabungwe ofufuza zamtendere ndi mapulojekiti ndi maphunziro amtendere m'makoleji ndi mayunivesite mazana ambiri padziko lonse lapansi; gulu la msonkhano wamtendere, mwachitsanzo, Msonkhano wapachaka wa Wisconsin Institute Student, Msonkhano wapachaka wa Fall, Msonkhano wapachaka wa Peace and Justice Study Association, msonkhano wapadziko lonse wa International Peace Research Association, msonkhano wapachaka wa mtendere wa Pugwash, ndi ena ambiri. Kuphatikiza pa zochitikazi pakadali pano pali mabuku ambiri amtendere - mazana a mabuku, magazini, ndi zikwi zambiri za nkhani - ndikufalikira kwa demokalase (ndichowona kuti ma demokalase samalimbana); kukhazikitsidwa kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu zamtendere, makamaka ku Scandinavia, US / Canada / Mexico, South America, ndipo tsopano ku Western Europe - komwe nkhondo yamtsogolo siyingaganizire kapena yosayembekezeka; kuchepa kwa tsankho komanso maboma atsankho komanso kutha kwa atsamunda andale. Tili, pomwepo, tikuwona kutha kwa ufumuwo. Ufumu ukukhala wosatheka chifukwa cha nkhondo zosakanikirana, kukana kuchita zachiwawa, komanso kuwonongera zakuthambo komwe kumasokoneza boma lachifumu.

Zowonjezereka za kusintha kwa mtenderewu zikuphatikizapo kuwonongedwa kwa ulamuliro wa dziko: mayiko a dziko sangathe kusunga alendo, malingaliro, zochitika zachuma, zamoyo, magulu azinthu zamtundu wankhondo, mauthenga, ndi zina zotero. Kupitanso patsogolo ndikuphatikizapo chitukuko cha kayendedwe ka amayi padziko lonse ndipo ufulu wa akazi wakhala ukufalikira mofulumira mu zaka za 20th ndipo, ndi zosiyana, amayi amakonda kukhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri za mabanja ndi dziko kusiyana ndi amuna. Kuphunzitsa atsikana ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe tingachite kuti tipeze chitukuko chabwino cha zachuma. Zina zowonjezereka za kusinthaku ndikumangirira kwa kayendetsedwe ka dziko lonse ka zowonongeka kuti athe kuchepetsa ndi kuthetsa kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso chuma ndi chilengedwe chomwe chimayambitsa kusoŵa, umphawi, ndi kuipitsa mphamvu ndi kukulitsa mikangano; kufalikira kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chipembedzo (Chikhristu cha Thomas Merton ndi Jim Wallis, Episcopal Peace Fellowship, Buddhism ya Dalai Lama, Jewish Peace Fellowship, Muslim Peace Fellowship ndi Muslim Voice for Peace); ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mayiko ena padziko lonse kuchokera ku bungwe la INGOs ku 1900 kufikira zikwizikwi masiku ano, kukhazikitsa njira yatsopano yolankhulana ndi kukhazikitsa mtendere pakati pa dziko, nzika zadziko, kuteteza zachilengedwe, chitukuko chachuma, ufulu waumunthu, Kuletsa matenda, kuwerenga, ndi madzi oyera; kuwonjezereka kwa zaka za m'ma 1900 za ulamuliro wa mayiko padziko lonse, kuphatikizapo Msonkhano wa Geneva, mgwirizano wotsutsa migodi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ana a asilikali, kuyezetsa mlengalenga kwa zida za nyukiliya, kuyika zida za nyukiliya pabedi, etc; kuuka kwa ufulu waumunthu, womwe sunachitikepo ku 20 (Universal Declaration of Human Rights), womwe unalephera kunyalanyazidwa, tsopano ndi chikhalidwe cha dziko lonse lapansi komwe kuphulika kumakhumudwitsa m'mayiko ambiri ndipo kumabweretsa mayankho omwe mwamsanga kuchokera ku mayiko ndi maboma.

Kapena izi zonse. Kusintha kwa mtendere kumaphatikizapo kuwonjezeka kwa msonkhano wa padziko lonse monga Earth Summit ku 1992 ku Rio, komwe kuli atsogoleri a boma la 100, olemba nkhani za 10,000, ndi nzika za 30,000. Kuchokera nthawiyi, misonkhano yadziko lonse pa chitukuko cha zachuma, amai, mtendere, kutentha kwa dziko, ndi mitu ina yakhala ikuchitika, kukhazikitsa gulu latsopano la anthu ochokera padziko lonse lapansi kubwera pamodzi kuti athetse mavuto ndikupanga njira zothandizira; kusinthika kwina kwa kayendedwe ka mgwirizanowu ndi zikhalidwe zomveka bwino zokhudzana ndi chitetezo, bungwe la 3rd maudindo abwino, mautumiki osatha-zonse zomwe zathandiza kuti mayiko azilankhulana ngakhale mukumenyana; komanso kulumikizana kwa maulendo oyankhulana padziko lonse kudzera mu Webusaiti Yadziko Lonse ndi mafoni a mafoni amatanthauza kuti maganizo okhudza demokarase, mtendere, chilengedwe, ndi ufulu waumunthu zimafalikira nthawi yomweyo. Kusintha kwa mtendere kumaphatikizansopo maonekedwe a mtendere wamalonda monga olemba ndi olemba akhala akuganizira kwambiri ndi kutsutsa ziphunzitso za nkhondo komanso okhudzidwa ndi zowawa zomwe nkhondo zimayambitsa. Mwina chofunika kwambiri ndi kusintha maganizo pa nkhondo, kuwonongeka kwakukulu muzaka zapakati pa mtima wakale kuti nkhondo ndi ntchito yaulemerero ndi yabwino. Pomwepo, anthu amaganiza kuti ndizoyipa komanso zachiwawa. Mbali yapadera ya nkhani yatsopanoyi ikufalitsa zokhudzana ndi mbiri ya njira zopindulitsa zopanda mtendere ndi zokonza chilungamo.^note4 Kutuluka kwa mtendere wa padziko lonse wamakono ndi gawo la kukula kwakukulu kwa chikhalidwe cha mtendere.

(Pitirizani ku yapitayi | zotsatirazi gawo.)

Tikufuna kumva kuchokera kwa inu! (Chonde lankhulani ndemanga pansipa)

Izi zawatsogolera bwanji inu kuganiza mosiyana za njira zina zankhondo?

Kodi mungawonjezere, kapena kusintha, kapena kukayikira za izi?

Kodi mungatani kuti muthandize anthu ambiri kumvetsetsa za njirazi?

Kodi mungachite bwanji kuti izi zitheke ku nkhondo?

Chonde mugawane nkhaniyi!

Zolemba zofanana

Onani zina zotsatizana nazo “Kupanga Chikhalidwe cha Mtendere”

Onani Mndandanda wa Zamkatimu A Global Security System: An Alternative Nkhondo

zolemba:
4. Zotsatirazi zikufotokozedwa mwakuya mu bukhu lophunzirira "Evolution ya Global Peace System" ndi zolemba zochepa zoperekedwa ndi War Prevention Initiative. (bwererani ku nkhani yaikulu)