Ndi Lyndal Rowlands, Inter Press Service News Agency
- Okwana asanu ndi anayi mwa omwe akugulitsa zida zankhondo padziko lonse lapansi adzakhala pa UN Security Council pakati pa 2016 ndi pakati pa 2018.
Okwana asanu ndi anayiwo akuphatikizapo mamembala anayi omwe akuzungulira - Spain, Ukraine, Italy ndi Netherlands - ochokera ku Ulaya, komanso mamembala asanu okhazikika a khonsoloyi - China, France, Russia, United Kingdom ndi United States.
Malinga ndi 2015 deta kuchokera ku Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), maiko asanu ndi anayiwa ndi omwe ali pamwamba pa mayiko khumi ogulitsa zida zankhondo padziko lonse lapansi. Germany ili pa nambala 5, ndiyo yokhayo 10 yotumiza kunja kunja komwe siali membala waposachedwa, waposachedwa kapena yemwe akuyembekezeka kukhala membala wa khonsolo ya mamembala 15.
Komabe, Pieter Wezeman, Senior Researcher in the Arms and Military Expenditure Programme ku SIPRI anauza IPS kuti "sanadabwe nkomwe" kuona ogulitsa zida zambiri kunja kwa khonsolo.
“Zoona zake n’zantchito monga mwa nthaŵi zonse: ziŵalo zokhazikika zisanu za Bungwe la Chitetezo zilidi mphamvu zankhondo zamphamvu m’njira zambiri,” anatero Wezeman.
Mamembala awiri okha okhazikika, United States yokhala ndi 33 peresenti ndi Russia yokhala ndi 25 peresenti, inali ndi 58 peresenti ya zida zonse zomwe zidatumizidwa padziko lonse lapansi mu 2015, malinga ndi data ya SIPRI. China ndi France akutenga malo achitatu ndi achinayi ndi magawo ang'onoang'ono a 5.9 peresenti ndi 5.6 peresenti motsatana.
Mkhalidwe wa mamembala angapo ozungulira a Security Council ngati ogulitsa zida pomwe "zosangalatsa", zitha kukhala "mwangozi," adawonjezera Wezeman.
Mikangano yomwe ilipo ku Yemen ndi Syria ikupereka zitsanzo zofananira za mphamvu zomwe mamembala a Security Council ali nazo monga ogulitsa zida.
"Mavuto ena akuluakulu omwe bungwe la Security Council likulimbana nawo tsopano, makamaka Yemen, mwachitsanzo, abwera chifukwa cha zomwe mamembala ake achita pogulitsa zida kumagulu omenyana," Anna Macdonald, mkulu wa Control Arms adauza IPS. .
"Takhala tikuyitanitsa mosalekeza kwa chaka tsopano kuti kutumiza zida ku Saudi Arabia kuyimitsidwe panthawi yavuto la Yemen, chifukwa cha zovuta zaumphawi zomwe zikupezeka kumeneko komanso chifukwa cha gawo lomwe kutumiza zida kuli. kusewera pamenepo."
Macdonald akunena kuti kutumiza zida ku Saudi Arabia kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito ku Yemen kumaphwanya malamulo aumunthu komanso mgwirizano wa Arms Trade Treaty.
Kupanikizika kwapakhomo kuchokera ku mabungwe a anthu, komabe, kwachititsa kuti mayiko ena a ku Ulaya, kuphatikizapo Sweden, agwirizane ndi Security Council mu January 2017, kuti aletse kugulitsa zida ku Saudi Arabia, adatero Wezeman. Sweden, yomwe ikhala pampando ku khonsolo kuyambira Januware 2017 mpaka Disembala 2018, ikubwera ngati nambala 12 padziko lonse lapansi ogulitsa zida zankhondo.
Komabe kutumizidwa kwa zida zankhondo kuchokera kwa mamembala a Security Council sikuyenera kukhala gwero lalikulu la zida pamikangano yomwe bungweli likulingalira.
Mwachitsanzo, mamembala a khonsolo akhala akunena za chiyembekezo cha kuletsa zida zankhondo ku South Sudan kwazaka zambiri za 2016, komabe zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku South Sudan sizikugwirizana kwambiri ndi kutumiza kunja kwa mamembala a Security Council.
"South Sudan ndi dziko lomwe limapeza zida zotsika mtengo komanso zosavuta. Sichifuna thanki yaposachedwa yachitsanzo, itha kuchita ndi thanki yomwe ili ndi zaka 30 kapena 40,” adatero Wezeman.
Malinga ndi Wezeman, n’zosakayikitsa kuti maganizo andale m’malo mwa zachuma angakhudze zimene mamembala a Bungwe la Security Council asankha pa nkhani ya kuletsa zida zankhondo, popeza kuti phindu lochokera ku malonda a zida “liri lochepa poyerekezera ndi chuma chawo chonse.”
"Madera ambiri omwe ali pansi pa chiletso cha zida za UN nthawi zambiri amakhala maiko osauka kumene misika ya chilichonse, kuphatikiza zida, siikulu kwambiri," adawonjezera.
Komabe, Macdonald akunena kuti mamembala a Security Council ali ndi udindo wapadera wokonza mtendere ndi chitetezo padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo izi zikukhudzanso udindo wawo monga ogulitsa zida zankhondo.
"Mwachiwonekere tingatchule Mutu 5 wa UN: kulimbikitsa kusunga mtendere ndi zida zochepa kwambiri," adatero.
"Tinganene kuti ndalama zokwana 1.3 thililiyoni zomwe pano zikuperekedwa kunkhondo sizikugwirizana ndi mzimu kapena kalata ya UN Charter," adawonjezeranso, ndikuzindikira kuti izi ndi zochulukirapo kuposa momwe zingawonongere umphawi wadzaoneni.
