Wolemba Kristin Christman, Albany Times Union
Lachisanu, April 7, 2017
John D. Rockefeller anakwiya kwambiri. Zinali zaka za m'ma 1880, ndipo obowola mafuta adagunda zitsime zazikulu kwambiri ku Baku kotero kuti dziko la Russia linali kugulitsa mafuta ku Europe pamitengo yomwe idachepetsa mafuta a Rockefeller's Standard Oil.
Atameza mwankhanza mpikisano wake waku America, Rockefeller tsopano adakonza chiwembu chowononga mpikisano waku Russia. Adatsitsa mitengo kwa anthu aku Europe, adakweza mitengo kwa anthu aku America, adafalitsa mphekesera zokayikira zachitetezo chamafuta aku Russia ndikuletsa mafuta otsika mtengo aku Russia kwa ogula aku US.
Dyera ndi mpikisano zidasokoneza ubale wa US ndi Russia kuyambira pachiyambi.
Ngakhale kuti Rockefeller anali ndi machenjerero achinyengo, adadziwona kuti ndi wabwino komanso otsutsana naye ngati anthu oipa. Chotulukapo cha mayi wachipembedzo ndi bambo wachinyengo, Rockefeller anawona Standard Oil monga mpulumutsi wamtundu wina, "kupulumutsa" makampani ena monga mabwato omwe akanamira popanda iye, kunyalanyaza chenicheni chakuti iye ndi amene adapyoza matumba awo.
Ndipo kwa zaka zana, tikuwona machitidwe achinyengo a US akuganiza kuti, monga Rockefeller, amatanthauzira machitidwe ake ngati osalakwa komanso aku Russia ngati oyipa.
Taganizirani zimene dziko la United States linachita pamene dziko la Russia linasaina Pangano la ku Brest-Litovsk la mu 1918 kuti lichoke pa Nkhondo Yadziko I. Anthu a ku Russia XNUMX miliyoni anafa, kuvulazidwa, kapena kusowa. Linali lonjezo la Lenin lochotsa dziko la Russia ku Nkhondo Yadziko Lonse lomwe linamuthandiza kuti amuthandize kwambiri ku Russia.
Kodi US idawona Russia ngati yokonda mtendere? Osati mwayi. A US, kulibe pankhondo zambiri, adatcha kuchotsedwa kwa Russia kukhala kwachinyengo. Mu 1918, asilikali 13,000 a US anaukira Russia kuti agwetse a Bolsheviks. Chifukwa chiyani? Kukakamiza anthu a ku Russia amenewo kubwerera ku Nkhondo Yadziko I.
M’nthawi ya Rockefeller, mkulu wa banki Jack P. Morgan Jr., anali ndi zifukwa zake zodana ndi Chikomyunizimu. Bungwe la Communist International linanena kuti osunga mabanki ndi adani akuluakulu a anthu ogwira ntchito, ndipo maganizo odzimvera chisoni adayambitsa chikhulupiriro chosadziwa kuti kupha anthu apamwamba kumalimbikitsa chilungamo.
Komabe, mantha a Morgan anali osokonekera chifukwa cha tsankho ndi mpikisano. Adawona ogwira ntchito, Achikomyunizimu ndi ochita nawo mabizinesi achiyuda ngati achiwembu pomwe iye, yemwe adalandira ndalama zokwana madola 30 miliyoni akugulitsa zida zankhondo ku Allies a Nkhondo Yadziko Lonse, anali pachiwopsezo.
Monga Morgan, Achimereka adatsutsa zovomerezeka za USSR, kuphatikizapo nkhanza za Bolshevik ndi nkhanza zankhanza za Stalin. Komabe, chochititsa chidwi n’chakuti mfundo za Nkhondo Yozizira za ku United States zinali zoletsa nkhanza kapena kuponderezana. M'malo mwake, idayang'ana anthu omwe kusintha kwa nthaka ndi ntchito za anthu osauka kunasokoneza mapindu a olemera a ku United States. Monga Morgan, a US adakweza zabodza mpikisano wamabizinesi kukhala mpikisano wamakhalidwe.
Mu 1947, Purezidenti Harry Truman adatengera lamulo lankhondo la kazembe George Kennan loletsa kusungidwa kwa Soviet ndikuveka malaya opatulika. Ku Greece, Korea, Guatemala ndi kupitirira apo, a US mopanda tsankho adawongolera ziwawa kwa otsalira, mosasamala kanthu kuti otsalira amawona malingaliro aumunthu ndi demokalase.
Si akuluakulu onse a US omwe adavomereza kuti kupha Agiriki zikwizikwi ndi mamiliyoni aku Korea kunali njira yopita kuunika. Komabe, mogwirizana ndi mzimu wotsutsa demokalase, anthu otsutsa anachotsedwa ntchito kapena kusiya ntchito zawo. Chodabwitsa, Kennan mwiniwakeyo pambuyo pake adavomereza kuti malingaliro a US anali achinyengo ndipo "anakonzanso tsiku ndi tsiku" "mdani wankhanza kotheratu" mwachinyengo kwambiri, "kukana zenizeni zake zikuwoneka ngati zachiwembu. …”
Pakadali pano, akunenedwa kuti aku Russia akubera mwachisawawa a Democratic National Committee akuimbidwa mlandu wowononga demokalase yaku US, komabe ngakhale izi zimakwiyitsidwa, chinyengocho chimakhala chovuta, chifukwa anthu aku America awononga demokalase kunyumba ndi kunja kwambiri kuposa wobera aliyense waku Russia. Monga Rockefeller, US amawona kusakhulupirika kokha mwa otsutsana nawo.
Mwambo wina wakale wopanda demokalase ku US ndikusankha maudindo akuluakulu aboma m'madipatimenti a Defense and State, CIA ndi National Security Council a anthu omwe ali olumikizidwa kwambiri ndi mabungwe a Rockefeller ndi Morgan. Ndichizoloŵezi chowopsa: Pamene gulu limodzi la anthu likulamulira, ndizotheka kuti opanga mfundo azigawana malo omwewo omwe amatsutsana.
Ganizirani za masomphenya a Rockefeller ndi Morgan. Potengeka ndi mpikisano wofuna kukhala ndi njanji, palibe amene analingalira mmene njanji zinali kuwonongera moyo wa Amwenye Achimereka ndi njati mamiliyoni ambiri, zophedwa m’maulendo oopsa okasaka njanji.
Amuna amphamvu amenewa sanathe kumvetsa zinthu zambiri. Nanga ndichifukwa chiyani malingalirowa akuyenera kupatsidwa mphamvu yayikulu pa mfundo za US, zomwe zimayenera kuganiziranso zambiri za aliyense, osati olemera ndi amphamvu okha?
Komabe ngati Lipenga ndi Mlembi wa State Rex Tillerson, CEO wakale wa Standard Oil mbadwa ExxonMobil, ally ndi Putin kuti zinyalala dziko ndi mapaipi ndi kulanda mafuta ku Caspian Sea, kudzakhala kubwereza kwa Rockefeller, Morgan ndi njanji: umbombo wosanganiza. osanyalanyaza kuzunzika kwa anthu komanso chilengedwe.
Ndipo ngati Trump alumikizana ndi Putin kuti agwetse Middle East pankhondo, kudzilungamitsa kwa Cold War kudzabwezeretsedwanso, ndikukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mantha aku US komanso kusazindikira mantha a adani.
Mosakayikira, US ndi Russia onse ali ndi mlandu wochita zachiwawa komanso zopanda chilungamo. Kuti zinthu zisinthe, tiyenera kuonetsetsa kuti migwirizano kapena chidani sichikuchititsa umbombo, kuchititsa mantha, kapena kubweretsa mavuto.
Kristin Y. Christman ali ndi madigiri mu Russian ndi kayendetsedwe ka boma kuchokera ku Dartmouth, Brown ndi yunivesite ku Albany.
