Kutchuka kwa mayeso olembetsa kumakula. Chiwerengero cha ophunzira ndi masukulu omwe akutenga nawo mbali chikuwonjezeka. Ambiri amafunikira mayeso pomwe zotsatira zimagawidwa ndi olemba anzawo ntchito popanda chilolezo cha makolo.
Ndi Pat Elder
Deta yomwe idatulutsidwa ndi Dipatimenti ya Chitetezo pa Ogasiti 1 ikuwonetsa kuti asitikali adalemba mayeso a maola atatu kwa ophunzira pafupifupi 3 m'masukulu apamwamba a 700,000 mchaka cha 12,000-2013, kuwonjezeka kwa 14% kuposa chaka chatha.
Bungwe la Military Entrance Processing Command (MEPCOM) limayang'anira mayeso, omwe amadziwika kuti Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery, (ASVAB). Nawonso database idapezedwa kudzera pa pempho la Freedom of Information Act.
Kuwunika kwa datayi kumabweretsa zovuta zokhuza zinsinsi za ophunzira komanso kukhulupirika kwa pulogalamu yoyesa ophunzira m'masukulu aku America. Mayeso a maola atatu ndizomwe zimayambira pulogalamu ya Pentagon yolemba anthu ntchito kusukulu ndipo imapatsa MEPCOM chida chamtengo wapatali powunika anthu omwe akufuna kulowa usilikali. Ophunzira akuyenera kupereka zambiri zamtundu wa anthu komanso manambala awo achitetezo asanakhale mayeso.
Malingana ndi deta, 81% ya Achinyamata ndi Akuluakulu omwe adatenga ASVAB m'chaka cha 2013-2014 adatumiza zotsatira zawo kwa olemba ntchito popanda chilolezo cha makolo awo. Akuluakulu a sukulu adaletsa kutulutsidwa kwa zotsatira za mayeso kwa olembera otsala 19%.
ASVAB imapereka zidziwitso zokhumbidwa kwambiri kwa olemba anzawo ntchito zokhudzana ndi kuzindikira kwa omwe atha kulembedwa ntchito. Olemba ntchito ali kale ndi mafayilo atsatanetsatane omwe ali ndi zidziwitso zaunyamata waku America, omwe amapezedwa kudzera mwa anthu ambiri ogulitsa zidziwitso zamalonda komanso maola osawerengeka akuyendayenda pamasamba ochezera komanso malo ochezera. Mwachitsanzo, olemba anzawo ntchito amadziwa kuti Johnny ali ndi chidwi ndi woimba wa dziko la Rae Lynn, amasewera Mortal Kombat, amagwira ntchito ku Jiffy Lube, amasewera chitetezo, ndi makina osindikizira a benchi 180. ASVAB, komabe, amapereka olemba ntchito omwe sangathe kugula - kapena kupeza pa intaneti. ASVAB ikuwonetsa Johnny akulimbana ndi Algebra I ndipo ali ndi mulingo womvetsetsa wa 8th kalasi. ASVAB imamaliza zolemba zamtengo wapatali zomwe zimathandiza olemba anthu ntchito asanakumaneko koyamba. Kulemba usilikali ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri yamaganizo.
Zomwe zatulutsidwa ndi DOD zikuwonetsa masukulu 900 omwe amafuna ophunzira kutenga mayeso, ngakhale chiwerengero kwenikweni chachikulu kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, North Little Rock High School idayesa 680, pafupifupi achichepere ake onse ndi akulu akulu. Deta yonse idatumizidwa kwa olemba anzawo ntchito opanda amayi ndi abambo panjira, pomwe database ya Pentagon ikunena kuti ophunzirawo adayesa mwakufuna kwawo. (70% ya ophunzira ndi osowa ndalama, ndipo sukulu ndi 89% ochepa.) Alief Early College High School ku Houston adayesa akuluakulu 500. Sukuluyi ndi 97% ochepa. Nawonso database akuti kuyesako sikunali kofunikira. Kodi amakwanitsa bwanji kupangitsa achinyamata 500 kuti ayese mwakufuna kwawo kukalembetsa usilikali?
Mu 2013 Komiti ya bungwe la United Nations yoona za Ufulu wa Ana inanena kuti kukakamiza ana kuyezetsa usilikali n’kuphwanya lamulo la The Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict. Komitiyo inapeza kuti “Makolo ndi ana nthawi zambiri sadziwa za kudzipereka kwa mayeso a Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB) omwe amapangidwa m’masukulu kapena maulalo ake a usilikali komanso kuti, nthawi zina, ophunzira amauzidwa kuti mayesowo achitika. kuyenera.” Poyankha, US idakana kukakamizidwa kwa mayesowo.
Mu Marichi 2016, Shannon Salyer, woyang'anira pulogalamu yapasukulu ya ASVAB, adauza Sabata la Education, "Nthawi zonse zimakhala zodzifunira."
Mu 1974 Bungwe la Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) lidayima m'njira yoti DoD ikhale ndi mwayi wopeza zolemba zamaphunziro a ophunzira popanda malire. Lamuloli, lomwe likugwirabe ntchito mpaka pano, likufuna kuti chikalata chomasulidwa cha makolo chisayinidwe "mbiri yamaphunziro" isanatulutsidwe kwa anthu ena. Pentagon imati zotsatira za ASVAB ndi zolemba zankhondo m'malo mwa zolemba zamaphunziro, zomwe zimalola kuti deta yoyeserera itulutsidwe popanda chilolezo cha makolo kapena chidziwitso.
Chifukwa chake, zotsatira za ASVAB ndiye chidziwitso chokhacho chokhudza ophunzira kusiya sukulu zaku America popanda kupereka chilolezo cha makolo. Pakadali pano, akuluakulu a DoD amasamba m'manja pankhani yachinsinsi. "Kaya wogwira ntchito pasukulu amapempha chilolezo kwa ophunzira kapena makolo kapena owalera, zili pasukuluyi, ndipo tilibe chilichonse chonena za izi," atero a Curtis Gilroy, Mtsogoleri wakale wa Accession Policy ku Pentagon. pa Mafunso a NPR mu 2010.
MEPCOM imagulitsa ASVAB m'masukulu apamwamba ngati pulogalamu yowunikira ntchito popanda kuwulula mgwirizano wake ndi usilikali kapena ntchito yake yayikulu ngati chida cholembera anthu ntchito. Alangizi ndi oyang'anira sukulu amalimbikitsa ophunzira kuti ayese mayeso omwe ambiri amati amathandiza ophunzira kufananiza luso lawo ndi njira zina zantchito.
Mayesowa akamaliza, lamulo lolembera anthu ntchito limatumiza olembera kusukulu kuti akakumane ndi ophunzira kuti akambirane "njira zantchito."
Mu 2010 Maryland idakhala dziko loyamba kukhazikitsa lamulo loletsa kutulutsidwa kwa data ya ASVAB kwa olemba ntchito popanda chilolezo cha makolo. Makamaka, lamuloli likupempha masukulu kuti asankhe ASVAB Release Option 8, yomwe imaletsa kusamutsa zidziwitso za ophunzira ku ntchito zolembera anthu ntchito popanda amayi ndi abambo kusaina. Hawaii ndi New Hampshire ali ndi malamulo ofanana.
David McGuire, wamkulu wanthawi yayitali wa American Civil Liberties Union of Connecticut, akuwonetsa malingaliro a omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe pankhani ya kuyesa kwa ASVAB. Iye anati, “Ophunzira samasiya ufulu wawo wotsatira malamulo akamadutsa pakhomo la sukulu. Ophunzira ndi makolo ku Connecticut amayenera kutetezedwa bwino pazambiri zomwe mayeso a ASVAB amatolera. Tikukhulupirira kuti zatsopanozi zilimbikitsa boma lathu kuti lisinthe zinthu kuti ziteteze zinsinsi za ophunzira. ”
Chithunzi cha ASVAB Data kudutsa US
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2012-2013 2013-2014
Onse Oyesedwa 678,248 691,042
Maphunziro Onse 11,741 11,893
# Njira ya Ophunzira 8* 105,222 113,976
% Njira 8 15.51 18.74
# Sukulu Njira 8 2408 2575
# Sukulu Zovomerezeka 938 908
*zotsatira zomwe sizinatumizidwe kwa olemba ntchito
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Wopangidwa ndi National Coalition to Protect Student Privacy ku data
zoperekedwa ndi Ofesi ya Secretary of Defense
Pempho la Ufulu Wachidziwitso 15-F-1532
Ofesi ya Ufulu Wachidziwitso 1155 Defense Pentagon
Zomwe zilipo pa: www.studentprivacy.org
