US ndi NATO Buildup ku Eastern Europe ndi Scandinavia Ndipo maboma a ku United States ndi Zochita ku Africa

Msonkhano wa Msonkhano Wachiwiri wa VI pa Kuthetsedwa kwa Zida za Asilikali Zachilendo
Guantanamo, Cuba, Meyi 4-6, 2019

Wolemba Colonel Ann Wright

Ndiyenera kuyambitsa nkhani yanga ndikupepesa kwa anthu aku Cuba mdziko langa, United States of America yomwe ikulanda malo olamulira aku Cuba a Naval Base of Guantanamo, gulu lankhondo lomwe US ​​lakhala lalitali kwambiri kunja kwa US komanso nyumba zakale Zaka 18 ndende yotchuka yomwe inali kumeneko.

Ndikupepesa chifukwa cha zilango zoopsa zomwe dziko la United States lakhala nalo kwa anthu a ku Cuba kwa zaka zoposa 50 monga uchigawenga wa zachuma ndi zoopsa ndi kubwezera chifukwa chosagonjera ku chifuniro cha US kwa zaka zoposa 61, kuyambira ku Cuban Revolution.

Ndimapepesanso kwa Purezidenti wa Cuban Institute for Friendship of the People (ICAP) Fernando Gonzalez chifukwa chokhala m'ndende mosavomerezeka ku United States komanso kwa anthu ena omwe amadziwika kuti Cuban Five omwe anali omangidwa mosamveka ku US

Ndikufunanso kupepesa kwa anthu aku Venezuela ndi Nicaragua pazomwe US ​​idachita poyesa kulanda maboma osankhidwa kumayiko awo komanso zilango zomwe US ​​idapereka kumayiko amenewo. Ndikupepesanso kwa anthu aku Honduras pazomwe US ​​idachita pomenya nkhondo boma lawo. Pakadali pano, atapemphedwa ndi Boma la Venezuela, abwenzi ku Washington, DC akukhala ku Embassy ku Venezuela kuti aletse omwe akufuna kupha anthu a Juan Guaido kuti asalowe nyumba ya Embassy.

Tsopano pa phunziro la ndemanga yanga. The 70^th tsiku lokumbukira North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) lidachitikira ku Washington, DC pa Epulo 3 ndi 4, 2019. Mabungwe ambiri adabwera ku Washington kudzatsutsa njira zotsutsana ndi Russia zomwe zidapangitsa Europe kukhala malo ena ovuta patatha zaka zopitilira 25 za Cold Nkhondo itatha m'mbiri.

Kwa zaka khumi zapitazo, US ndi NATO akhala akugwira ntchito zogonjetsa maboma m'mayiko a Baltic, Scandinavia ndi Eastern Europe kumalire a Russia.

Ku Estonia, pali nkhondo ya NATO yomwe ikutsogolera ku UK ndipo ili ndi asilikali a 800 ochokera ku Denmark ndi France omwe ali ndi ndege za 4 German zamphepete zamkuntho zomwe zimapanga maulendo a Baltic "Air Policing".

Ku Latvia, pali asilikali a 1,200 omwe amatsogoleredwa ndi Canada ndipo amapangidwa ndi asilikali ochokera ku Albania, Italy, Poland, Spain ndi Slovenia.

Ku Lithuania, gulu la asilikali la 1,200 likutsogoleredwa ndi Germany ndi asilikali omwe akuchokera ku Belgium, Croatia, France, Luxembourg, Netherlands ndi Norway ndi 4 Dutch F-16 omwe amapanga maulendo a Baltic "Air Policing".

Kuwonjezeka kwachulukidwe kwa ndalama za nkhondo za ku Estonia ndi Latvia ndi Lithuania zikuphatikizapo kayendetsedwe kake ka nkhondo chifukwa cha nkhondo ya NATO.

Ku Poland, kuli maofesi a misasa ya US Aegis ndipo asilikali a 4,000 amatsogolera nkhondo ndi zida zankhondo, kuphatikizapo matanki a 250, Magalimoto a Bradley ndi a Paladin.

Ku Romania, a US adayika makina a missile a Aegis, omwe ndi oyamba ku Ulaya kuyambira Cold War.

Kumpoto kwa Ulaya ku Scandinavia, machitidwe akuluakulu a nkhondo a NATO kuyambira kumapeto kwa Cold War, yotchedwa Trident Juncture 18, inachitikira ku Norway kuyambira October 25 kufikira November 7, 2018 yomwe idali mphamvu yaikulu yoopseza Russia.

Pafupifupi asitikali a 50,000 ochokera kumayiko a 31 - mayiko mamembala a NATO a 29 kuphatikiza Sweden ndi Finland - adatenga nawo gawo pazoyendetsa zomwe zidapangidwa pakati pa Norway pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ku North Atlantic ndi ku Baltic Sea pantchito zanyanja, komanso ku Norway, Sweden ndi Malo okwera ndege aku Finland.

Awa ndi asitikali ena pafupifupi 10,000 poyerekeza ndi zomwe Strong Resolve idachita ku Poland mu 2002, yomwe idabweretsa mamembala a Alliance ndi mayiko ena 11 ogwirizana.

Magalimoto 10,000 adatenga nawo gawo pazochita zankhondo ndipo atalumikizidwa kumapeto, malowa anali a 92 kilomita kapena 57 miles kutalika. Ndege 250 ndi zombo 60 zidatenga nawo gawo, kuphatikiza wonyamula ndege zoyendetsedwa ndi zida za nyukiliya USS Harry S. Truman.

Opitilira asitikali opitilira 20,000, komanso asitikali ankhondo a 24,000 kuphatikiza US Marines, 3,500 ogwira ntchito yankhondo, pafupifupi akatswiri 1,000 ndi anthu 1,300 ochokera m'malamulo angapo a NATO.

Mayiko asanu apamwamba kwambiri anali United States, Germany, Norway, Britain ndi Sweden, motere.

Mu 2017, ngakhale panali ziwonetsero zamphamvu zochokera ku Russia, ma 330 US Marines adatumizidwa mozungulira kupita ku malo ophunzitsira aku Norway ku Værnes mkatikati mwa Norway. US ikufuna kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa asitikali aku US kukhala 700 ndikuwayika kumpoto ku Setermoen, 420 kilomita kuchokera ku Russia. Chigwirizano chaku US chithandizanso kupitilira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yaposachedwa mpaka zaka zisanu.

Kulandidwa kwa Russia ku Crimea mu 2014 ndiye chifukwa chake NATO imagwiritsa ntchito kuonjezera ogwira ntchito ku US / NATO pakatikati ndi kum'mawa kwa Europe. Boma la Russia ladzudzula mobwerezabwereza komanso mwamphamvu kutumizidwa kwa asitikali aku US ku Norway.

Popeza kuti Russia ikuphatikizapo Crimea mu 2014,  Poland wakhala chinthu chofunikira za kuwonjezeka kwa America ku Eastern Europe, kuphatikizapo bweretsani ntchito zowonongeka kwa gulu la nkhondo la 173rd Airborne Team kuti asonyeze kufulumira kwa mphamvu za US ndi NATO. Mu August, US Air Force inagwiritsidwa ntchito asanu F-22 Raptors ndi 40 ovomerezeka ku Poland kuti azitha kutenga nawo mbali pazochita zovomerezeka kumeneko.

Anthu a ku America adalengeza kuti US Army Europe ikuwonjezera kupezeka kwa asilikali mwa kuwonjezera asilikali a 1,500 ku gulu lake la Germany.

Asilikali adati mu September 2018 kuti zowonjezera zatsopano ziyenera kuyamba chaka chino komanso kuti asilikali ndi mabanja awo azikhala kumadera akumwera kwa Germany ndi September 2020.

Pali asitikali aku US 35,220 ku Germany ndi gulu lonse lankhondo laku US 64,112 ku Europe:

Lingaliro la Unduna wa Zachitetezo ku Poland limatchula zigawo za dziko la Bydgoszcz ndi Toruń ngati malo omwe angapezeke pagulu lankhondo laku US. Kuphatikiza apo, Joint Force Training Center ya NATO ili kale ku Bydgoszcz.

Kukhalapo kwa asilikali ku Ulaya kunapambana kwambiri m'ma makumi asanu ndi makumi anayi oposa asilikali a 450,000 omwe akugwira ntchito m'malo oposa 1,200. Pambuyo pa Cold War, msilikali wa ku United States ku Ulaya anacheperachepera ku 213,000 servicemen, ndipo kenako mu 1993 iwo adacheperanso ku 112,000 servicemen. Masiku ano pali 64, asilikali a ku America a 112 omwe amakhala ku Ulaya konse. Zomangamanga za asilikali ndi asilikali a ku Ulaya ku Ulaya (EUCOM) akhoza kuikidwa m'magawo.

ZINTHU ZA US MILITARY BASES

Zida Zachilengedwe https://southfront.org/military-analysis-us-military-presence-in-europe/

• Maziko akuluakulu opangira ndizitsulo zikuluzikulu zomwe zingathe kukhala ndi magulu akuluakulu a asilikali omwe ali ndi zida zomangamanga.
• Malo opita patsogolo amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ndi mphamvu zozungulira. Zimenezi zimatha kusintha mogwirizana ndi momwe ziriri.
• Malo otetezera ogwirizana kawirikawiri alibe asilikali omaliza ndipo amasungidwa ndi makontrakitala kapena thandizo la fuko.

Bungwe la European Union, EUCOM, liri ndi udindo woyang'anira usilikali, kuyanjana, kuonjezera chitetezo chachikulu monga gawo la United States kutsogolo. EUCOM ili ndi zigawo zisanu: US Naval Forces Europe (NAVEUR), US Army Europe (USAREUR), US Air Force ku Ulaya (USAFE), US Marine Force Europe (MARFOREUR), US Special Operations Command Europe (SOCEUR).

• Nkhondo za ku America za ku Ulaya (NAVEUR) imapereka lamulo, kulamulira ndi kugwirizanitsa kwa zinthu zonse zam'madzi za US zomwe zimayendetsedwa ku Ulaya ndipo zikupezeka ku Naples, ku Italy komwe kuli malo oyamba a Sixth Fleet.
• US Army Europe (USAREUR) ili ku Wiesbaden, Germany. Pamphepete mwa Cold War, asilikali a US anali ndi asilikali pafupifupi 300,000 ku Ulaya, lero lino la USAREUR limapangidwa ndi magulu aŵiri ogonjetsa gulu la asilikali ndi ndege ya ndege yomwe ili ku Germany ndi Italy.
• US Air Force ku Ulaya (USAFE)  ali ndi maziko akuluakulu asanu ndi atatu ku Ulaya omwe ali pafupi ndi 39,000 yogwira ntchito, osungirako komanso ogwira ntchito. USAFE ikuthandiza mishoni yomwe ikuchitika ku Ulaya ndipo idakhudzidwa kwambiri pa nthawi yovuta ku Libya.
• US Marine Force Europe (MARFOREUR)  inakhazikitsidwa m'zaka zapakati pa makumi asanu ndi atatu ndi makumi asanu ndi atatu (800), koma lamuloli likuyambidwa ku Böblingen, Germany ndi ma 200 omwe amapatsidwa ntchito zothandizira maulamuliro a EUCOM ndi NATO. MARFOREUR anali wogwira ntchito ku Balkans, ndipo amakhala ndi zochitika za nkhondo nthawi zonse makamaka ndi asilikali a ku Norway.
• US Special Operations Command Europe (SOCEUR) amapereka ndondomeko ya nthawi yamtendere ndi kayendetsedwe ka ntchito zamagulu ochita ntchito yapadera pa nkhondo zosagwirizana ndi malo a EUCOM. Pulogalamuyi inagwira nawo ntchito zosiyanasiyana zomanga maofesi ndi maofesi makamaka ku Africa, zomwe zinagwira ntchito ku Balkan pazaka zapakati pazaka makumi asanu ndi anayi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu komanso zothandizira kulimbana nkhondo pa nkhondo za Iraq ndi Afghanistan.

ZINTHU ZAKUKULU ZOLEMBEDWA KU EUROPE

Kuwonjezera pa mphamvu za nyukiliya za ku France ndi ku Britain, dziko la US linasungiranso zida zankhondo zaku nyukira ku Ulaya. Panthaŵi ya Cold War pamene US anali ndi zida zoposa nyukiliya za 2,500 ku Ulaya, komabe pambuyo pa mapeto a Cold War ndi kugwa kwa Soviet Union nambala imeneyo inachepa mofulumira. Masiku ano malinga ndi zochitika zina zosadziwika, dziko la US lili pafupi ndi 150 ku 250 nkhondo yomwe inagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Italy, Turkey, Germany, Netherlands ndi Belgium. Tisaiwale kuti zambiri mwa zidazi ndi mabomba omwe amagwidwa ndi ndege.

Ngakhale zida zambiri za nyukiliya zili kumadzulo kwa Ulaya, zida zowonongeka komanso kuchotsa zidazi sizingatheke, poyang'ana ku Ukraine ndi ku Middle East. Pali mitundu iwiri ya mabungwe omwe tsopano akugwiritsidwa ntchito kugwira zida za nyukiliya ku Ulaya: Zida za nyukiliya ndi mabomba a mpweya ndi zida za nyukiliya zomwe zimakhala ndi anthu osamalira.

Mzinda wa Airen ndi Lakenheath (UK), Volkel (Netherlands), Kleine Broggle (Belgium), Buchel (Germany), Ramstein (Germany), Ghadei Torre (Italy), Aviano (Italy) ndi Incirlik (Turkey).

Zida zapansi ndi zida za nyukliya mu malo osamalira anthu ali ku Norvenich (Germany), Araxos (Greece), Balikesir (Turkey), Akinci (Turkey). Germany ili ndi zida zambiri za nyukiliya za US zomwe zingathe kusungirako zoposa mabomba a 150. Zida zonsezi zikhoza kusunthidwa ndikusinthidwa ku zigawo zina kapena maiko ena ngati zikhumba.

• US Bases ali ku United Kingdom
  • Menwith Hill Air Base
  • Mildenhall Air Base
  • Alcon Bury Air Base
  • Croughton Air Base
  • Fairford Air Base
• US Bases ku Germany
  • USAG Hohenfels
  • USAG Weisbaden
  • USAG Hessen
  • USAG Schweinfurt
  • USAG Bamberg
  • USAG Grafenwoehr
  • USAG Ansbach
  • USAG Darmstadt
  • USAG Heidelberg
  • USAG Stuttgart
  • USAG Kaiserslautern
  • USAG Baumholder
  • Spangdahlem Air Base
  • Ramstein Air Base
  • Panzer Kaserne (m'madzi a ku United States)
• US Bases ku Belgium
  • USAG Benelux
  • USAG Brussels
• US Bases ali ku Netherlands
  • USAG Schinnen
  • Mgwirizano Wowonjezereka
• US Bases ku Italy
  • Mtsinje wa Aviano
  • Caserma Ederle
  • Camp Darby
  • NSA La Maddalena
  • NSA Gaeta
  • NSA Naples
  • NSA Sigonella
• Maziko ali ku Serbia / Kosovo
  • Camp Bondsteel
• US Bases ku Bulgaria
  • Graf Ignatievo Air Base
  • Bezmer Air Base
  • Center wa Aitos
  • Novo Selo Mbali
• US Bases ku Greece
  • NSA Souda Bay
• US Bases ali ku Turkey
  • Izmir Air Base
  • Incirlik Air Base

A Russia akugwiritsanso ntchito Crimea pothandizidwa ndi anthu a ku Crimea omwe adavotera kuti alembedwe ku plebiscite, apereka mayiko a nkhondo ku America ndi ku NATO zomwe akuganiza kuti akufunikira kuwonjezera chiwerengero ndi mphamvu za zochitika zamagulu zankhondo. Scandinavia ndi mayiko a Baltic.

Kuphatikizanso apo, kukangana kwa ndondomeko za nkhondo za ku US ndi Russia ndi asilikali a ku Russia ku Syria ndi Venezuela zakhala zowonjezera kuwonjezeka kwa ndalama za boma la US, pamene boma la Russia liri ndi bajeti yokha ya magawo khumi pa bajeti ya US ndipo ndi yochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi zida zogwirizana zankhondo za dziko lonse la 29-NATO.

US MILITARY MU AFRICA

Ndikufuna kukuwonetsani kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kuchuluka kwa asitikali ankhondo aku US ndi ogwira ntchito m'maiko aku Africa motsogozedwa ndi US otchedwa AFRICOM. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wabwino yemwe Nick Turse ndi Sean Naylor adalemba pa Epulo 19, 2019, yotchedwa "The US Footprint ku Africa," pali zochitika 35 zankhondo "zotchulidwa" ndi asitikali aku US m'maiko 19.

DZIKO LA ARMADA: Ntchito yofufuza magetsi ku US yochokera ku sitima za m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya East Africa, Armada Tsamba imathandizira nkhondo ya drone ku United States.

Maziko amagwiritsidwa ntchito: Unknown

ECHO CASEMATE: Ntchitoyi ikukhudza ntchito zosiyanasiyana ku Central African Republic. Inayamba mu 2013 monga thandizo ntchito ya mayiko a ku France ndi Afirika omwe amatumizidwa ku Central African Republic pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti asungire mtendere ndikupitirizabe ntchito yolangiza ndi kuwathandiza ku Africa. Komabe, makamu a US sankayenda limodzi ndi abwenzi awo kumunda kapena kuwaphunzitsa bwino. Ntchitoyi inalinso kuyambitsa makonzedwe ndi ma Marines kuti ateteze a Embassy a ku America ku Bangui ndi kutumiza ntchito yapadera ya ku US kuti athandize msilikali wa ku United States mu ntchito kuti amenyane ndi Lord's Resistance Army. M'masiku oyambirira a opaleshoniyi, asilikali a ku United States anathawa mabomba ambiri a Burundi, matani a zipangizo komanso magalimoto oposa khumi ndi awiri ku Central African Republic, malinga ku Africa. Asilikali a US anapitiriza kutumiza asilikali a France mkati ndi kunja kwa Central African Republic, ndipo ntchitoyi idakalipo kumayambiriro kwa 2018.

Kugwiritsa ntchito: Abeche, Chad

CHITSANZO: Mmodzi wa banja lomwe limatchedwa mphamvu zotsutsana ndi zigawenga zomwe magulu apadera a US apanga ku East Africa. Oyendetsa Ngongole anali ndondomeko ya 127e imene asilikali a ku United States anaphunzitsidwa ndi kukonzekera gulu la Aitiopiya kuti azitha kugawidwa ku Somalia. Bolduc akunena kuti adatseka mu 2016 chifukwa boma la Ethiopia linasokonezeka chifukwa cha mphamvu yosagonjetsedwa. Komabe, Dipatimenti ya Chitetezo cha February 2018 mndandanda za dzina lake amatanthawuza kuti adaukitsidwa.

Maziko amagwiritsidwa ntchito: Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti

JUKEBOX LOTUS: Ntchito Yoyang'anira Jukebox Lotus anayamba pomwe vuto la September 2012 likuchitika ku Benghazi, Libya, omwe adapha Ambassador wa United States J. Christopher Stevens ndi anthu ena atatu a ku America, koma anapitiriza mpaka mpaka 2018. Amapereka udindo waukulu wa Africa Command kuti azigwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana ku Libya monga momwe akufunira komanso sizikutanthauza kuti palibe ntchito yapadera kapena yotsutsana.

Maziko amagwiritsidwa ntchito: Faya Greatau ndi N'Djamena, Chad; Air Base 201, Agadez, Niger

KUYAMBIRA KUTUMA: Ntchito yopezera chitetezo m'mphepete mwa nyanja ku Gulf of Guinea yomwe ikuphatikiza magulu okwera mabungwe a ku Africa ndi a US Coast Guard akugwira ntchito kuchokera ku sitima za US Navy kapena za ku Africa. Mu 2016, magulu osakanizidwa amapangidwa Zolemba za 32, chifukwa cha $ 1.2 miliyoni pamalipiro okhudzidwa ndi kuphwanya kwa 50 panyanja, komanso kubwezeretsedwa kwa dizilo mafuta sitima yomwe inagwidwa ndi achifwamba. Chaka chatha, ntchito ndi maiko a Senegal ndi Cabo Verdean zinachititsa kuti Zolemba za 40 - makamaka za zombo zapamadzi - ndi $ 75,000 muzolipira zoperekedwa chifukwa cha kuphwanya kwa nsomba ziwiri.

Kugwiritsa ntchito: Dakar, Senegal

SERPENT JUNCTION: A kuyesetsa kuyang'anira ku Libya kuti, monga gawo la 2016 kampeni ya airstrikes motsutsana ndi malo a Islamic State mumzinda wa Sirte wa Libyan, adapatsa akuluakulu ogwira ntchito zovomerezeka kuti agwirizane ndi chuma kuti apange chitukuko cha ntchitoyi.

Maziko amagwiritsidwa ntchito: Unknown

MICRONI WA JUNIPER: Mu 2013, dziko la France litayambitsa nkhondo zotsutsana ndi Islamic ku Mali, otchedwa Operation Serval, US inayamba ntchito Mphungu Micron, zomwe zinaphatikizapo kuwombera ndege ndi zida za ku France kumalo omwe kale anali a ku France, kuthamangitsa ndege zowathandiza kuti azitsatira ndege za ku France, komanso kuthandiza mabungwe a ku Africa. Mphungu Micron anali kupitiliza kuyambira mu October 2018, ndi akukonzekera kuti apitirize mtsogolomu.

Maziko amagwiritsidwa ntchito: Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; Istres-Le Tube Air Base, France; Bamako ndi Gao, Mali; Air Base 201 (Agadez), Arlit, Dirkou, Madama ndi Niamey, Niger; Dakar, Senegal

JUNIPER NIMBUS: Mphungu yamphepete Nimbus ndi ntchito yotalika kwambiri yomwe ikufuna kuthandiza nkhanza za Boko Haram ku Nigeria.

Maziko amagwiritsidwa ntchito: Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; N'Djamena, Chad; Arlit, Dirkou ndi Madama, Niger

JUNIPER SHIELD: Ntchito ya ambulera yaumishonale yomwe inachititsa kuti anthu asawonongeke ku Niger, Juniper Shield ndi United States 'pachimake khama lachinyengo kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Afrika ndipo akuphimba Mayiko a 11: Algeria, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal ndi Tunisia. Pansi pa Juniper Shield, magulu a US amayendayenda miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kuti aphunzitse, alangize, athandize ndikuyenda nawo magulu anzawo apamtunda kuti achite ntchito zotsutsana ndi magulu a magulu, kuphatikizapo ISIS-West Africa, Boko Haram ndi al Qaida ndi anzake.

Maziko amagwiritsidwa ntchito: Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; Garoua ndi Maroua, Cameroon; Bangui, Central African Republic; Faya Greatau ndi N'Djamena, Chad; Bamako ndi Gao, Mali; Nema ndi Ouassa, Mauritania; Air Base 201 (Agadez), Arlit, Diffa, Dirkou, Madama ndi Niamey, Niger; Dakar, Senegal

NIMBLE SHIELD: Boko Haram ndi ISIS-West Africa zomwe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri

Maziko amagwiritsidwa ntchito: Douala, Garoua ndi Maroua, Cameroon; Bangui, Central African Republic; N'Djamena, Chad; Diffa, Dirkou, Madama ndi Niamey, Niger

SUNNET WA OAKEN I-III: Mndandanda wa ntchito zitatu zomwe zikuchitika ku South Sudan. Oaken Sonnet Ine ndinali zovuta 2013 kupulumutsa kwa antchito a US kuchokera ku dziko limenelo kumayambiriro kwa nkhondo yake yapachiweniweni. Oaken Sonnet II inachitikira ku 2014 ndi Oaken Sonnet III ku 2016.

Kugwiritsa ntchito: Juba, South Sudan

OAKEN STEEL: Kulimbikitsidwa kwa a Embassy a ku US ku Juba, South Sudan, kuteteza antchito a Dipatimenti ya Boma panthawi ya mkangano pakati pa magulu otsutsana mu nkhondo yapachiweniweni, Ntchito Oaken Steel, zomwe zinachokera July 12, 2016, mpaka Jan. 26, 2017, adawona asilikali a US akuyendetsa ku Uganda kuti apereke thandizo lachangu panthawi ya chisokonezo.

Maziko amagwiritsidwa ntchito: Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti; Moron Air Base, Spain; Entebbe, Uganda

Tikukonzekera kuti tidzakhalenso ndi mauthenga apatali kuziko la nkhondo la US ku Africa pa nkhani yosiyirana yotsatira.