Wolemba Darini Rajasingham-Senanayake, Mu News News, February 28, 2021
Wolemba ndi chikhalidwe cha akatswiri ndi ukatswiri wofufuza mu zandale zapadziko lonse lapansi, zamtendere, ndi maphunziro a chitukuko ku South ndi South East Asia.
COLOMBO (IDN) - Likulu la India ku New Delhi lawotchedwa sabata yatha ya February 2020 pomwe Purezidenti wa US a Donald Trump apita ku India. Pochezera `` demokalase '' yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, a Trump adagulitsa pakati pazinthu zina, kuposa zida za 3 biliyoni kwa Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
'Mgwirizano wazaka zapitazi' pakati pa India ndi United States womwe adalengezedwa ndi Modi udawoneka kuti udapangidwira China ndi Belt and Road initiative (BRI), yomwe yazunguliridwa kale ndi kachilombo kodabwitsa ka Novel Corona.
Paulendo wamasiku awiri wa Trump wopita ku India, anthu 43 adaphedwa ndipo ambiri adavulala pomwe zipolowe za Ahindu ndi Asilamu zidagwedeza kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa New Delhi ndikutsutsa lamulo laku Indian Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA), lomwe limadziwika kuti limasala Asilamu.
Ulendo wa Purezidenti waku United States ku India, udabwera chaka chimodzi zitatha kusamvana pakati pa Ahindu ndi Asilamu ku India ndi zipani zachilendo zakunja komwe kumayambira nkhondo yapakati pa omenyera zida zankhondo zanyukiliya, India ndi Pakistan, yomwe idachitika m'boma la Pulwama, Jammu ndi Kashmir mu February 2019, zisanachitike zisankho ku India
Zochitika ku Pulwama zidalimbikitsa kukonda dziko lachihindu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti safironi wonyezimira Narendra Modi, mnzake wokondedwa wa Purezidenti Trump, kuti alamulire ambiri.
Mavuto anali akuipira pomwe mwezi watha wa Okutobala Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) idayamba kugwira ntchito pakati pazidziwitso zachitetezo chazonse mdziko la Indian intelligence lomwe likuwoneka kuti likugulitsa makampani azankhondo aku US, malo anzeru omwe ali ndi asitikali 800 ndi 'lily pad' maziko padziko lonse lapansi zitachitika ku Pulwama.
Mafunso 12 a Prashant Bhushan okhudza nkhondo yapafupi ku Pulwama amadzutsa mafunso okhudza mbali zomwe zipani zakunja, kunja kwa South Asia, zimayambitsa.[1]
Miyezi iwiri isanachitike CAA mu Ogasiti 2019, Kashmir adalandidwa Udindo Wapadera atachotsa Article 370, ndikugawa Buddhist Ladakh, Hindu Jammu ndi Muslim Kashmir pomwe boma lakhazikika kwa miyezi ingapo.
Zochita za safironi zomwe boma la Modi limadandaula zinali zoyenerera mdzina la "chitetezo chadziko" komanso pambuyo pa zomwe zidachitika ku Pulwama panthawi yomwe Asilamu mkati ndi kunja kwa India akumangidwanso ngati chiwopsezo ndi mabungwe ambiri anzeru zakumadzulo.
Ndale zodziwika bwino zachipembedzo ku South Asia zikupitilizidwa kukhala ndi zida zofotokoza za uchigawenga wachisilamu zomwe zikufotokozedwera tsopano kwa Abuda ndi Ahindu m'chigawo chadziko lapansi chokhala ndi miyambo yayitali komanso yovuta yazipembedzo zosiyanasiyana.
Miyezi iwiri India ndi Pakistan zitatsala pang'ono kuyamba nkhondo ku Pulwama, ziwonetsero zodabwitsa za Sabata zidachitika motsutsana ndi Tchalitchi chakumaso kwa nyanja komanso malo odyera alendo okaona malo pa Epulo 21, 2019 ku Buddhist yolamulidwa ku Sri Lanka, zomwe zidanenedwa modabwitsa ndi Asilamu State (IS), pomwe akatswiri osiyanasiyana azamisili akuti ISIS idakonza zokhazikitsa Caliphate ku Eastern Province komwe kuli malo abwino ku Sri Lanka komwe kuli doko lakunyanja la Trincomalee Harbor [2]
Saeed Naqvi, katswiri wodziwika bwino komanso mtolankhani yemwe amakhala ku Delhi, wanena kuti zigawenga zachisilamu, ndi "chuma chazokambirana", pomwe Kadinala Malcom Ranjith waku Sri Lanka adazindikira kuti mayiko amphamvu agulitsa zida pambuyo pakuukiridwa kumeneku.
Masiku angapo pambuyo pake, zipolowe pambuyo pa zisankho zidabuka ku Indonesia, dziko lachitatu lokhala ndi anthu ambiri ku Asia komanso chuma chambiri ku Southeast Asia, atapambana zisankho za Purezidenti Joko Widodo. Zipolowe ku Jakarta zidalanda anthu ochepa, makamaka achi Buddha, achi China m'malo opembedza ambiri, likulu la Indonesia ku Jakarta, lomwe lili likulu la Indonesia, lomwe lidayaka mausiku awiri.
Shifting Center of Global Power ndi momwe Nyanja ya Indian idasokera
Pazaka khumi zapitazi likulu lamphamvu zapadziko lonse lapansi ndi chuma lakhala likusunthira mwakachetechete kuchoka ku Euro-America ndi Trans-Atlantic, kubwerera ku Asia ndi dera la Indian Ocean motsogozedwa ndi kukwera kwa China ndi mayiko ena a Kum'mawa ndi Southeast Asia.
Chifukwa chake, polankhula mozama mu Ogasiti 2019 Purezidenti waku France, Macron adati "tikukhala kumapeto kwa chipani chakumadzulo" padziko lapansi, mwa zina chifukwa cha "zolakwika" zakumadzulo mzaka zapitazi.
Asia idakhala likulu lazachuma padziko lonse lapansi ndikupanga zatsopano kupatula zaka mazana awiri ndi theka zakumadzulo kwa hegemony chifukwa cha maulamuliro apanyanja aku Europe ndikusamutsa chuma kuchokera ku South South kupita kudziko la Euro-America komwe kudapitilira mtendere wapambuyo pa nkhondo, monga 'chitukuko' ndikuthandizira kukulira ngongole ndi mtundu wa 'atsamunda mwa njira zina' madera ambiri aku Africa, Asia ndi Latin America.
China ndiye dziko lotukuka linatsata njira yake, linakwanitsa kukweza anthu theka la biliyoni kuchokera muumphawi ndipo adapindula ndi kudalirana kwa mayiko padziko lonse lapansi kuti akhale wamphamvu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Poyankha kukwera kwa China komanso njira zake zapa lamba ndi misewu, Indian Ocean yakhazikitsidwanso ndikupatsidwa dzina loti "Indo-Pacific" motsogozedwa ndi United States yotchedwa Free and Open Indo-Pacific (FOIP), mosadabwitsa , osadandaula za India komanso gulu lake lankhondo.
Komanso poyankha njira yaku China yopanga silika, North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), yomwe ikuphatikizanso mayiko a Paci fic-rim, ikukulitsa nkhondo yankhondo yaku Indian motsogozedwa ndi chitetezo chake ndi omwe anali nawo ku Asia-Pacii Partner - Australia, Japan , New Zealand ndi South Korea. A Macron aku France anena posachedwapa kuti NATO idakumana ndi "vuto lazidziwitso" pamene ikupita kunyanja ya Indian.
US ndi NATO zikusowa malo ena mu Indian Ocean kuyambira pomwe Khothi Lalikulu Lachilungamo (ICJ) lidagamula chaka chatha mu February kuti United Kingdom (UK) kulanda zilumba za Chagos zomwe zimakhala ndi asitikali a Diego Garcia - ndizosaloledwa ndi malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi ndipo ayenera kubwezeredwa kwa anthu achi Chagossian omwe adathamangitsidwa mokakamiza kuti amange maziko mzaka za 1960. Katswiri wa chikhalidwe cha anthu David Vine watcha Diego Garcia "Chilumba cha Manyazi" m'buku lake pa "Mbiri Yachinsinsi ya Gulu Lankhondo Laku US".
India ndi dziko lokhalo padziko lapansi lomwe limagawana dzina la nyanja, kuchitira umboni zachitukuko chake komanso malo ake munjira zamalonda zapadziko lonse lapansi. Indian Sub-Continent ili pakatikati pa Indian Ocean yomwe imakhudza Africa Kumadzulo ndi China kummawa.
Asia, kuchokera ku Iran kupita ku China kudzera ku India, yakhala ikutsogolera dziko lonse lapansi pakupanga kwachuma, chitukuko ndi ukadaulo. Asia ndi dera la Indian Ocean tsopano ndi malo opitilira kukula padziko lonse lapansi, pomwe US ndi anzawo aku trans-Atlantic omwe maulamuliro apanyanja adatsika patatha zaka 200 zitukuka ndikuchepa kwamphamvu padziko lonse lapansi panthawiyi.
Chifukwa chake, chisankho cha a Donald Trump chonena kuti "Make America Great Again" polimbikitsanso zida zankhondo zaku US ku Asia kukweza chuma kumbali imodzi, ndikuwononga kudalirana kwa mayiko ena ndi kachilombo ka Corona kukhala kolankhulidwa posachedwa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi zomwe zinapangitsa China kukhala Wopambana Wamphamvu Padziko Lonse, ndi anthu ake mabiliyoni, mbiri yakale ndikutsogolera ukadaulo ndi luso panthawiyi.
Nduna Yowona Zakunja ku Russia a Sergey Lavrov paulendo wawo waku Sri Lanka ndi India mu Januware 2020, adanenanso kuti lingaliro 'lotseguka komanso lotseguka la Indo Pacific' sichinthu china koma njira yomwe ili ndi China.
Pakadali pano, India ikugwira ntchito yopezera malo ena mu Indian Ocean ndikusainirana mapangano ndi ma France omwe amalanda asodzi aku Indian Ocean pomwe EU ikufuna 90% ya nsomba zomwe zagwidwa mu Indian Ocean, ndipo osaganizira za asodzi osauka pa Indian Ocean mayiko okhazikika.
Kuukira malo azikhalidwe: Nkhondo Yophatikiza ndi chikondi chochokera ku America
Pambuyo pakuphedwa kwa Irani General Qasem Soleiman mu Januware 2020 pambuyo pake Corona Virus idasungidwa ku China, a Donald Trump adaopseza kuti adzaukira "malo azikhalidwe" ku Iran (Persia wakale wokhala ndi chitukuko chodziwika bwino) - kwawo ku Zoroastrianism , ndi madera omwe zipembedzo zazikuluzikulu zidachokera - ngati Iran ibwezeretsa asitikali aku US ku Middle East ndi North Africa (MENA).
Ku Sri Lanka, tikudziwa momwe pulojekiti ya Wahabi-Salafi yomwe idalandiridwira ku Saudi Arabia idagwiritsa ntchito gulu la anyamata achisilamu pakuwukira kwa Sabata kwa malo achitetezo monga Tchalitchi cha St. nthawi zina Asilamu amasonkhana. Anthu opitilira 250 kuphatikiza alendo 50 adamwalira tsikulo.
Zipembedzo ndi mahotela apamwamba zidazunzidwa ku Sri Lanka Lamlungu la Pasaka, kuti zisokoneze dzikolo - ndi cholinga chokakamiza boma kuti lisayine mgwirizano wolanda nthaka wa Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) ndi Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA).
Kenako magulu ankhondo aku US akhazikitsidwa, pogwiritsa ntchito nkhani ya IS ngati alibi kunena kuti asitikali aku US akumenya zigawenga za Islamic State ndikuteteza akhristu azipembedzo zambiri ku Sri Lanka, komwe kuli gulu lachi Buddha lambiri.
Chiyambire Kuphulika kwa Mabomba a Easter ntchito ya US Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) yakhala yolumikizidwa ndi ziwopsezo za zigawenga za Sabata zomwe zidanenedwa modabwitsa ndi Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS).
ISIS idakhazikitsidwa ndi CIA US italanda Iraq, idagwetsa ndikusokoneza gulu lankhondo la Sadni Hussein ndi zolinga ziwiri: kusintha kusintha kwa Syria pomenya Assad wothandizidwa ndi Russia ndikuukira Asilamu aku Iran ndi Shiaa ndikukulitsa kugawanika ku Middle East Mayiko.
Irani General Soleiman anali kutsogolera nkhondo yolimbana ndi ISIS ku Iraq komanso dera la MENA ndi a Sadaam Hussein anali otchuka kwambiri ku Iran ndi Iraq pomwe adaphedwa pomenyera nkhondo ku US pafupi ndi eyapoti ya Bagdad ku Iraq.
Anthu aku Lanka akudziwa kuti panalibe chifukwa choti Asilamu aukire akhristu ku Sri Lanka chifukwa madera onsewa ali ndi ubale wabwino pokhala ochepa.
Kukhazikitsa Zipembedzo: Cold War Redux
Mfundo yoti Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) idakhazikitsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito magulu achisilamu ku Central Asia ndipo adagwira ntchito ndi Asia Foundation kuti agwiritse ntchito Chibuda motsutsana ndi magulu azachisangalalo ndi achikominisi m'maiko akumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia, monga Thailand ndi Indonesia, zakhazikika ndikuwulula wolemba mbiri yakale ku Yale University, Eugene Ford adadula buku "Amonke A Cold War: Chibuda ndi Chinsinsi cha America ku Southeast Asia", Lofalitsidwa ndi Yale University Press mu 2017.
Kulimbana ndi malo achikhalidwe kuti agawane, kusokoneza, kukhazikitsa ndi kukhazikitsa magulu ankhondo pomenya nkhondo pakati pa zipembedzo kuti asokoneze mayiko osiyanasiyana azikhalidwe komanso zachuma ku Asia, ndi 'Hybrid maritime Warfare' yogulitsa zida zikuwoneka ngati 2020 " Ndondomeko ya Pivot to Asia ”yomwe idanenedwa koyamba nthawi yaulamuliro wa Obama.
Pali kampani yapadziko lonse komanso yapadziko lonse lapansi yokhudzana ndi zachipembedzo komanso mafuko pakati pa US ndi EU ndalama, ambiri olumikizana ndi akasitikali ankhondo ngati RAND Corporation, omwe amalemba akatswiri anthroprop ngati Yona Blank yemwe adalemba 'Mullahs pa Mainframe' ndi 'Mivi Yotuwa Yakuda Mulungu' kuti athandizire izi.
Pambuyo pa ziwopsezo za Isitala ku Sri Lanka, Rand's Blank idanena ku Jakarta kuti Islamic State (IS) inali "chilolezo" chowulula machitidwe ake - monga Burger King wa Mac Donald's pamakoma agolide?
Pomwe chaka cha 2020 chikufalikira, zikuwonekeratu kuti zipembedzo zikugwiritsidwa ntchito mmaiko aku Asia, dera la Indian Ocean komanso kupitirira apo ndi zipani zachilendo zakunja ndi magulu apadziko lonse lapansi omwe amafotokoza nkhani ya IS ngati Sabata Lamlungu ku Sri Lanka.
Ngakhale kulepheretsa ndi kukhazikitsa chisokonezo m'maiko ambiri azikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana komanso azikhulupiriro zambiri ku Asia, zida zachipembedzo ndi zipani zakunja zitha kusokoneza "Rise of Asia" yomwe ikunenedweratu ndi akatswiri azamalamulo monga Immanuel Wallenstein, ndikuthandizira "Make America Great Again", komanso pogulitsa zida zolimbikitsira chuma ku US, gawo lalikulu lomwe ndi gulu lazankhondo / lanzeru-lanzeru / zosangalatsa.
Kukhazikitsa zida zachipembedzo ndi zipani zachilendo zakunja kumawoneka ngati cholinga chokhazikitsira dera lonselo "Kusamvana kwachitukuko"; nthawi iyi pakati pa Abuda ndi Asilamu - zipembedzo zazikuluzikulu zaku Asia, komanso pakati pa Ahindu ndi Asilamu ku India komwe kuli Ahindu ambiri.
Asia ili ndi mbiri yazaka zoposa 3,000, pomwe USA ili ndi mbiri komanso chitukuko cha zaka 300 zokha, atawonongedwa anthu aku America oyambilira komanso chitukuko mu "dziko latsopano". Ichi ndichifukwa chake a Donald Trump amasilira Asia, ndipo adawopseza kuti adzaukira malo azikhalidwe zaku Iran - mlandu wankhondo motsogozedwa ndi malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi?
Zachidziwikire, kuwopseza kwa a Trump motsutsana ndi "malo azikhalidwe" aku Iran kudawonekeranso zomwe zidachitika kale m'buku lamasewera la CIA lokhalitsa zida zachipembedzo ndikuwononga zipembedzo zambiri, kugawa ndikulamulira, pomenyera malo achikhalidwe, monga Mpingo wa St. Anthony, Mutwal, Lamlungu la Isitala ku Sri Lanka.
Pogwira ntchito yolimbana ndi zipembedzo zambiri ku Sri Lanka ku 2018, pofunsa mafunso mamembala a Mosque pafupi ndi Kattankuddi tidadziwitsidwa kuti ndalama ndi mpikisano wochokera ku Saudi Arabia ndi Iran ndichimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azisunga miyambo ya Asilamu komanso azimayi azivala kwambiri. hijab.
Kazembe wa ku Turkey adachenjeza Unduna wa Zakunja ku Sri Lanka kuti ali ndi chidziwitso chosonyeza kuti mamembala 50 a Fethullahist Terrorist Organisation (FETO) omwe mtsogoleri wawo, a Fetullah Gulan amakhala ku US (ndipo akuwonedwa ndi akatswiri aku Middle East. Akatswiri ngati CIA amathandizira Imam), anali ku Sri Lanka. Unduna wa Zakunja panthawiyo, a Wasantha Senanayake, adauza atolankhani kuti Kazembe wa Turkey adatsata chenjezo kawiri konse mu 2017 ndi 2018 ndipo adatumiza fakisi ku Ministry of Defense kawiri.
Pomwe chaka cha 2020 chikupita patsogolo, mayendedwe a a Donald Trump kapena mwina kampani yakampani yaku US Deep State "Pivot to Asia" ndi dera la Indian Ocean kuti "Make America Great Again" zikuwonekera bwino:
- Kupha General Soleiman waku Iran (yemwe amatsogolera polimbana ndi Islamic State ndi ISIL), ku Iraq mu Januware; ndi Coronavirus yatsopano ikumenya Iran mu February (kwa mayiko omwe akhudzidwa ndi MENA omwe ali pafupi ndi Iran, onani aje.io/tmuur).
- Nkhondo yazachuma komanso yophatikiza, kuphatikiza nkhondo yomwe akuwakayikira motsutsana ndi China.
- Kulimbikitsa mikangano ya Ahindu ndi Asilamu ku India, pambuyo pa ntchito ya Pulwama yosankhanso Modi, ndikugulitsa zida ku India.
- Mitundu yonse yazinyalala yachilendo yomwe idatumizidwa kuchokera ku Britain komanso moto woyaka nkhalango ukuyaka pambuyo pake ma helikopita aku US ndi zidebe zawo zokongola za bambi amatumizidwa kuti akole moto, ndi mankhwala oyandama kunyanja ya Indian kunyanja mu "Opium War" yatsopano ku Sri Lanka ndi South Asia?
- Ku Somalia, kuukira kwa Al-Shabaab komwe kulumikizidwa ndi IS ku Mogadishu, pagombe la Indian Ocean ku Africa, mu Januware 2020, kudapangitsa US kuti ibweretse asitikali. Pakadali pano, anzeru aku Somalia adati, panali anthu akunja omwe akuchita nawo ziwopsezo ku Mogadishu.
Pomaliza, ngakhale Narendra Modi akunena za "mgwirizano wazaka" pakati pa US ndi India paulendo wamphepo wa a Trump ku India, zikuwonekeratu kuti India ndi achitetezo ake akusewedwa ndi omwe anali ambuye akale achikoloni anzawo aku Trans-Atlantic, yomwe tsopano ikutsatira pakafunika kutero gawani-masewera-ndi-kuwononga 'masewera abwino' kudera la Indian Ocean; zodabwitsa, monga India idasewera malo awo kuti 'agawane ndikulamulira' ku South Asia pazaka za Cold War - pomwe RAW ndi IB (Intelligence Bureau) adakhazikitsa LTTE ku Sri Lanka, pomwe US idagwiritsa ntchito Chisilamu ndi Chibuda motsutsana ndi asocialist ndi zoyesayesa zamagulu achikominisi zopeza chuma chamayiko ku West ndi Southeast Asia.
Zikuwonekeranso kuti kuphulika kochokera komanso motsutsana ndi a bellicose pivot ku Asia, mosiyana ndi Ballyhoo yaku Obama kum'mawa, sikungapeweke. Zitha kufulumizitsa kuchepa ndi kugwa kwa ufumu waku America ngakhale kuli magulu ake ankhondo 800 padziko lonse lapansi, ndikufutukula kusiyana pakati pa anthu omwe agawanika kale panthawiyi pokhapokha anthu aku America atha kuthamangitsa omwe akukhala ku White House ndikubwezeretsanso Deep State ndi malo ake ogwirira ntchito yankhondo.
* Dr. Darini Rajasingham-SenanayakeKafukufukuyu akutenga nawo gawo pakukula kwa amayi komanso kulimbikitsa amayi, kusamuka komanso miyambo yambiri, andale, achipembedzo chatsopano komanso achikulire, komanso zipembedzo zapadziko lonse lapansi, makamaka, mautumiki apadziko lonse lapansi a Theravada Buddhist mdera la Asia-Pacific. Anali Mphunzitsi Wamkulu ku Open University ku Sri Lanka. Digiri yake ya Bachelor ikuchokera ku Brandeis University ndi MA ndi Ph. D akuchokera ku University of Princeton. [IDN-InDepthNews - 03 Epulo 2020]
Chithunzi: Ulendo wa Purezidenti Trump ku India kumapeto kwa february 2020 udabwera chimodzimodzi patatha chaka chimodzi mikangano yachihindu ndi Asilamu ku India itayimitsidwa ndi magulu akunja osamvetsetseka omwe anali pafupi-nkhondo pakati pa omenyera zida zanyukiliya, India ndi Pakistan, yomwe idachitika m'boma la Pulwama, Jammu ndi Kashmir mu February 2019, kusanachitike Chisankho ku India. Gwero: YouTube.
IDN ndi bungwe lotsogola la International Press Syndicate.
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Samalira. Khalani otetezeka munthawi ya Corona.
[1] Zamgululi Mafunso 12 a Prashant Bhushan pa Pulwama: greatgameindia.com/12- osayankhidwa- mafunso-on-pulwama-attack/)
[2[ Nilantha Illangamuwa Isis sanasankhe Sri Lanka, koma magulu a Sri Lankan anasankha ISIS: RAND http://nilangamuwa.blogspot.com/2019/08/isis-didnt-choose-sri-lanka-but-sri.html
