Trump Anali Kulondola: NATO Iyenera Kukhala Yosatha

Wolemba Medea Benjamin, Disembala 2, 2019

Mawu atatu anzeru kwambiri omwe a Donald Trump anayankhula pa kampeni yake yapurezidenti "NATO yatha." Mdani wake, Hillary Clinton, sanabwezere kuti NATO inali "mgwirizano wankhondo wamphamvu kwambiri m'mbiri ya dziko lapansi." Tsopano popeza Trump wakhala akulamulira, White House mbawala NATO ndi "Mgwirizano wopambana kwambiri m'mbiri yonse, wotsimikizira chitetezo, chitukuko, ndi ufulu wa mamembala ake." Koma a Trump anali olondola nthawi yoyamba: M'malo mokhala mgwirizano wamphamvu wokhala ndi cholinga chomveka bwino, bungwe lazaka 70 lomwe likukumana ku London pa Disembala 4 ndi gulu lankhondo lokhazikika kuyambira masiku a Cold War lomwe likanayenera kusiya ntchito. zaka zambiri zapitazo.

NATO idakhazikitsidwa poyambilira ndi United States ndi mayiko ena a Kumadzulo a 11 pofuna kuthana ndi kukwera kwa chikomyunizimu mu 1949. Zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi pambuyo pake, mayiko achikomyunizimu anakhazikitsa Pangano la Warsaw ndipo kupyolera m'mabungwe awiriwa, dziko lonse lapansi linakhala bwalo la nkhondo ya Cold War. . Pamene USSR idagwa mu 1991, Pangano la Warsaw linatha koma NATO inakula, ikukula kuchokera ku mamembala ake oyambirira a 12 kufika ku mayiko a 29. North Macedonia, yomwe idzalowe nawo chaka chamawa, idzabweretsa chiwerengero ku 30. NATO yakulanso kupitirira kumpoto kwa Atlantic, kuwonjezera mgwirizano ndi Colombia mu 2017. Donald Lipenga posachedwapa adanena kuti Brazil tsiku lina akhoza kukhala membala wathunthu.

Kukula kwa NATO pambuyo pa Cold War kumalire a Russia, ngakhale adalonjeza kuti asasunthe chakum'mawa, kwadzetsa mikangano pakati pa mayiko aku Western ndi Russia, kuphatikiza kuyimbirana kangapo pakati pa asitikali ankhondo. Zathandiziranso mpikisano watsopano wa zida zankhondo, kuphatikiza kukweza zida za nyukiliya, ndi yaikulu NATO "masewera ankhondo" kuyambira Cold War.

Pomwe akunena kuti "isunga mtendere," NATO ili ndi mbiri yakuphulitsa anthu wamba komanso kuchita ziwawa zankhondo. Mu 1999, NATO idagwira ntchito zankhondo popanda chilolezo cha UN ku Yugoslavia. Kuukira kwake kosaloledwa ndi ndege pankhondo yaku Kosovo kudapha anthu wamba mazana ambiri. Ndipo kutali ndi "North Atlantic," NATO idalumikizana ndi United States pomenya nkhondo ku Afghanistan ku 2001, komwe idakalipobe zaka makumi awiri pambuyo pake. Mu 2011, asitikali a NATO adalowa mdziko la Libya mosaloledwa, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti anthu ambiri athawe. M'malo motengera othawa kwawowa, mayiko a NATO abweza othawa kwawo osowa panyanja ya Mediterranean, ndikusiya masauzande ambiri kufa.

Ku London, NATO ikufuna kuwonetsa kuti yakonzeka kumenya nkhondo zatsopano. Iwonetsa kukonzeka kwake - kuthekera kotumiza zida za 30 pamtunda, 30 air squadrons ndi zombo zapamadzi 30 m'masiku 30 okha, komanso kuthana ndi ziwopsezo zamtsogolo zochokera ku China ndi Russia, kuphatikiza ndi mivi ya hypersonic ndi cyberwarfare. Koma osati kukhala wowonda, makina ankhondo, NATO imakhala yodzaza ndi magawano ndi zotsutsana. Nazi zina mwa izo:

• Purezidenti waku France Emmanuel Macron akukayikira kudzipereka kwa US kumenyera nkhondo ku Europe, watcha NATO "ubongo wakufa" ndipo wapempha gulu lankhondo laku Europe pansi pa ambulera ya nyukiliya ya France.
• Dziko la Turkey lakwiyitsa mamembala a NATO ndikulowa kwawo ku Syria kuti akaukire a Kurds, omwe adagwirizana ndi azungu polimbana ndi ISIS. Ndipo dziko la Turkey lawopseza kuti liletsa dongosolo lachitetezo cha Baltic mpaka ogwirizana nawo athandizire kulowerera kwawo ku Syria. Dziko la Turkey lakwiyitsanso mamembala a NATO, makamaka a Trump, pogula zida zaku Russia za S-400.
• Trump ikufuna kuti NATO ibwerere ku chikoka chomwe chikukula cha China, kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito makampani aku China pomanga ma network a 5G - zomwe mayiko ambiri a NATO sakufuna kuchita.
• Kodi Russia ndi mdani weniweni wa NATO? Macron waku France adafika ku Russia, ndikuyitanitsa a Putin kuti akambirane njira zomwe European Union ingayikitsire kuwukira kwa Crimea kumbuyo. A Donald Trump adaukira Germany poyera chifukwa chake Ntchito ya Nord Stream 2 kuti apaipire mu gasi wa ku Russia, koma kafukufuku waposachedwapa wa ku Germany anapeza 66 peresenti akufuna kugwirizana kwambiri ndi Russia.
• UK ili ndi mavuto akulu. Dziko la Britain lagwedezeka chifukwa cha mkangano wa Brexit ndipo likuchita chisankho chadziko chotsutsana pa December 12. Pulezidenti wa ku Britain, Boris Johnson, podziwa kuti Trump ndi wosavomerezeka kwambiri, sakufuna kuti awoneke kuti ali pafupi naye. Komanso, mdani wamkulu wa Johnson, Jeremy Corbyn, ndi wothandizira monyinyirika wa NATO. Pomwe chipani chake cha Labor chikudzipereka ku NATO, pa ntchito yake ngati ngwazi yolimbana ndi nkhondo, Corbyn wachita wotchedwa NATO "chiwopsezo ku mtendere wapadziko lonse lapansi komanso chiwopsezo kuchitetezo chadziko." Nthawi yomaliza Britain idalandira atsogoleri a NATO mu 2014, Corbyn adanena Msonkhano wotsutsana ndi NATO womwe kutha kwa Cold War "inayenera kukhala nthawi yoti NATO itseke, kusiya, kupita kunyumba ndikupita."
• Vuto linanso ndi Scotland, komwe kuli malo osavomerezeka a nyukiliya a Trident monga gawo la zida zanyukiliya za NATO. Boma latsopano la Labor lingafunike thandizo la Scottish National Party. Koma mtsogoleri wawo, Nicola Sturgeon, akuumirira kuti chothandizira chipani chake ndikudzipereka kutseka maziko.
• Anthu aku Europe sangayime Trump (kafukufuku waposachedwa wapeza kuti ali wodalirika ndi 4 peresenti yokha ya Azungu!) ndipo atsogoleri awo sangadalire pa iye. Atsogoleri ogwirizana amaphunzira za zisankho zapurezidenti zomwe zimakhudza zokonda zawo kudzera pa Twitter. Kupanda kugwirizana kunali koonekeratu mu October, pamene Trump ananyalanyaza ogwirizana ndi NATO pamene adalamula asilikali apadera a US kuchokera kumpoto kwa Syria, kumene adagwira ntchito limodzi ndi ma commandos aku France ndi British motsutsana ndi zigawenga za Islamic State.
• Kusadalirika kwa US kwapangitsa kuti European Commission ipange mapulani a "mgwirizano wachitetezo" waku Europe womwe udzagwirizanitse ndalama zankhondo ndi kugula. Chotsatira chingakhale kugwirizanitsa zochitika zankhondo zosiyana ndi NATO. Pentagon yadandaula za mayiko a EU akugula zida zankhondo kwa wina ndi mzake m'malo mochokera ku United States, ndi adayitana bungwe lachitetezo ili "kusinthika kochititsa chidwi kwazaka makumi atatu zapitazi pakuphatikizana kwachitetezo cha transatlantic."
• Kodi aku America akufunadi kupita kunkhondo ku Estonia? Ndime 5 ya Panganoli ikunena kuti kuwukira kwa membala m'modzi "kudzawonedwa ngati kuwukira onse," kutanthauza kuti mgwirizanowu umakakamiza US kuti ipite kunkhondo m'malo mwa mayiko a 28-chinthu chomwe chimatsutsidwa kwambiri ndi anthu aku America omwe atopa nawo nkhondo. ndikufuna ndondomeko yachilendo yachilendo yomwe imayang'ana mtendere, zokambirana, ndi kuchitapo kanthu pazachuma m'malo mwa asilikali.

Fupa linanso lalikulu la mikangano ndi yemwe adzalipirire NATO. Nthawi yomaliza yomwe atsogoleri a NATO adakumana, Purezidenti Trump adasokoneza ndondomekoyi podzudzula mayiko a NATO chifukwa chosapereka gawo lawo labwino komanso pamsonkhano waku London, Trump akuyembekezeka kulengeza kudulidwa kophiphiritsa kwa US ku bajeti ya NATO.

Chodetsa nkhawa kwambiri cha Trump ndi chakuti mayiko omwe ali mamembala akwaniritsa cholinga cha NATO chogwiritsa ntchito 2 peresenti ya katundu wawo wapakhomo podziteteza pofika chaka cha 2024, cholinga chomwe sichikukondedwa ndi anthu aku Europe, omwe. amakonda kuti misonkho yawo ipite kukagula zinthu zomwe si zankhondo. Komabe, NATO Mlembi Wamkulu Jens Stoltenberg adzadzitama kuti Europe ndi Canada awonjezera $ 100 biliyoni ku bajeti zawo zankhondo kuyambira 2016-china chomwe Donald Trump adzadzitamandira - ndikuti akuluakulu a NATO akukwaniritsa cholinga cha 2 peresenti, ngakhale lipoti la 2019 NATO likuwonetsa mamembala asanu ndi awiri okha omwe achita izi. : US, Greece, Estonia, UK, Romania, Poland ndi Latvia.

M'nthawi yomwe anthu padziko lonse lapansi akufuna kupewa nkhondo ndikuyang'ana kwambiri za chipwirikiti cha nyengo chomwe chikuwopseza moyo wamtsogolo padziko lapansi, NATO ndi anachronism. Tsopano ikuwerengera pafupifupi magawo atatu mwa anayi a ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pankhondo ndi zida zomwe zikuchitika padziko lonse lapansi. M'malo moletsa nkhondo, zimalimbikitsa zankhondo, zimakulitsa mikangano yapadziko lonse ndikupangitsa kuti nkhondo ikhale yowonjezereka. Zotsalira za Cold War siziyenera kukonzedwanso kuti zisunge ulamuliro wa US ku Europe, kapena kulimbikitsana motsutsana ndi Russia kapena China, kapena kuyambitsa nkhondo zatsopano mumlengalenga. Siyenera kukulitsidwa, koma kupasuka. Zaka makumi asanu ndi awiri za usilikali ndizokwanira.

Medea Benjamin ndi amene amapanga CODEPINK kwa Mtendere, ndi wolemba mabuku angapo, kuphatikiza M'kati mwa Iran: The Real History and Politics of the Islamic Republic of Iran.