Trump ndi Biden's Secret Afghanistan Air Campaigns Zawululidwa

Pafupifupi 800 zankhondo zaku US zomwe zidachitika kale ku Afghanistan mu 2020 ndi 2021 zimawululidwa, pomwe asitikali aku US amadetsa deta.

Kutulutsidwa kwa mbiri yakale yakumenya ndege zaposachedwa ku US ku Afghanistan kwawulula zinthu zopitilira 400 zomwe sizinafotokozedwe m'miyezi yapitayi yautsogoleri wa a Donald Trump - komanso ziwonetsero zinanso 300 zomwe akuluakulu a Joe Biden adalamula.

Ngakhale United States ndi a Taliban atasaina mgwirizano wamtendere mu February 2020, US idapitilirabe mwachinsinsi kuphulitsa zolinga za Taliban ndi Islamic State, zomwe zikuwonetsa. Ndipo mchaka cha 2021 - pomwe a Taliban adapitilira kuwukira asitikali a boma la Afghanistan, ndikupita ku Kabul - zida zopitilira 800 zidathamangitsidwa ndi ndege zambiri zaku US.

Zofunikira zapamwezi za Afghanistan ndi Air Force Central Command, kapena AFCENT, idayimitsidwa mu Marichi 2020 pambuyo pomwe olamulira a Trump adagwirizana kuti agwire ntchito mgwirizano wothetsa nkhondo ndi a Taliban. Zomwe zatulutsidwa pagulu zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa zigawenga zomwe US ​​​​ndi mayiko ena ogwirizana nazo zidachitika ku Afghanistan komanso tsatanetsatane wa zida zomwe zidawomberedwa, ndipo zidatulutsidwa mwezi uliwonse kwa zaka pafupifupi khumi zisanachitike.

Panthawiyo US Air Force anati idayimitsa kutulutsako chifukwa cha nkhawa zaukazembe, "kuphatikiza momwe lipotilo lingakhudzire zokambirana zomwe zikuchitika ndi a Taliban okhudza zokambirana zamtendere ku Afghanistan".

The zomwe zasinthidwa kumene amawonjezera chikhulupiriro ku zifukwa Panthawi yomwe dziko la United States liyenera kuti lidasokoneza mwachinsinsi ku Afghanistan kuti likakamize a Taliban pazokambirana zomwe zikuchitika ku Qatar, zomwe nthawi zina zimakhala zowononga anthu wamba.

Ngakhale bungwe la United Nations likuwoneka kuti likukhulupirira kuti ziwonetsero zaku US zasiya kwambiri, a Taliban amatsutsidwa a US akuphwanya malamulo a mgwirizano "pafupifupi tsiku lililonse." Zonena zimenezo tsopano zikuyenera kuganiziridwa mozama.

"Zidziwitso izi zikunena za kulimbana kwa America kuti athetse nkhondo yayitali kwambiri," Graeme Smith wa International Crisis Group adauza Airwars.

Nkhondo yamlengalenga yomwe sinathe

US ndi a Taliban adasaina zomwe zimatchedwa 'dongosolo la mtendere pa February 29th 2020. Izi sizinapangitse US kuti ithetse nkhondo yonse, koma ikukhudza a Taliban kuti asaukire asitikali aku America ku Afghanistan pamiyezi 14 yaku US yochotsa.

Zinkaganiziridwanso kuti kumenyedwa kwa US kuthanso kutha, ndikungoyang'ana kwambiri zodzitetezera. Komabe zomwe zatulutsidwa kumene za AFCENT zikuwonetsa kuwukira ku US sikunathe, ndikuwukira kwa ndege 413 'zapadziko lonse' pakati pa Marichi ndi Disembala 2020 mokha.

Declassified AFCENT data yawulula pafupifupi ndege 800 zomwe zidachitika kale ku Afghanistan mu 2020 ndi 2021.

Kutsatira mgwirizano wa US-Taliban mu February 2020, zokambirana zothetsa nkhondo zidayamba ku Doha mu Seputembala chaka chomwecho pakati pa a Taliban ndi Boma la Afghanistan. Komabe m'mwezi womwewo, tikudziwa tsopano, US idachitabe ma airstrikes 34 mwachinsinsi.

Zomwe zikuchitika ku US zidagwirizana ndi kuwukira kwa Taliban kunja kwa mizinda ya Kandahar ndi Lashkar Gah. A Taliban adati ziwawa izi, za asitikali a boma la Afghanistan osati zaku America, sizinasewere mgwirizano koma US idatsutsana, Smith adati. "Ichi ndichifukwa chake mukuwona chipwirikiti chakuwombera ndege kuyambira Okutobala 2020 pomwe aku America adayesetsa kuteteza mizindayi," adatero.

Amnesty International idawonetsedwa posachedwa zomwe amakhulupirira kuti ndi ndege yaku US ku Kunduz mu Novembala 2020 yomwe idapha azimayi awiri wamba, Bilqiseh bint Abdul Qadir (21) ndi Nouriyeh bint Abdul Khaliq (25), ndi mwamuna m'modzi, Qader Khan (24). Zidutswa za zida zomwe zidapezedwa pamalopo zikuwonetsa kuti dziko la US lanyanyala ntchito. Tsopano zikuwonekeratu kuti United States idachita mwachinsinsi ziwonetsero 69 ku Afghanistan mwezi womwewo wokha.

Kuyambira pomwe adakhala paudindo kumapeto kwa Januware 2021, a Joe Biden adayang'anira kutsika pang'ono kwa ziwonetsero zisanachitike chiwonjezeko chachikulu, pomwe ntchito yazaka 20 yaku US idathera pakusiya chipwirikiti komanso kowononga.

M'miyezi itatu yomaliza ya kukhalapo kwa US, zida za 226 zidawombera ndege za 97 ndi ndege za US (ndipo mwina zogwirizana) pofuna kuyimitsa mphezi ya Taliban. Zambiri mwazomwe zidachitikazi zikadakhala kuti zidachitika pafupi ndi ndege zothandizira asitikali ankhondo aku Afghan National Army m'matauni, omwe anali akulandidwa. Chiwopsezo chodziwika cha kuvulala kwakukulu kwa anthu wamba kuchokera zochita zoterezi zadziwika kale.

M'masiku otsiriza ankhondo, anthu wamba ambiri ndi asitikali 13 aku US adamwalira pachiwopsezo chodzipha cha ISIS-K pomwe asitikali aku US adadzitsekera mkati mwa eyapoti ya Kabul ndipo anthu aku Afghan adakhamukira pamalowo akuyembekeza kuthawa mdzikolo.

Ndipo pakuwukira komaliza kwa ndege zaku US, anthu wamba 10 adaphedwa pomwe oyendetsa ndege aku America adasokoneza bambo yemwe akubwerera kunyumba kwawo ndi zigawenga za Islamic State. Sabata yatha, a Pentagon yalengeza palibe chilango chomwe chingachitidwe pa sitalaka imeneyo.

United Nations inanyengedwa?

Kuyimitsa kutulutsidwa kwazomwe zachitika pamwezi koyambirira kwa 2020 zikuwonekanso kuti zidatsimikizira bungwe la United Nations kuti US siyikuchitanso ziwonetsero zazikulu.

Mu onse ake 2020 lipoti lapachaka la kuphedwa kwa anthu wamba ku Afghanistan ndi mayiko ake Lipoti la pamwezi la 6 la theka loyamba la 2021, United Nations Assistance Mission to Afghanistan (UNAMA) idachepetsa zomwe US ​​ndi mayiko ena adachita - akukhulupirira kuti zatha.

Mu 2020 UN idamaliza, anthu opitilira 3,000 aku Afghanistan adaphedwa pankhondo yomwe ikuchitika pakati pa a Taliban ndi boma la Afghanistan panthawiyo, mothandizidwa ndi asitikali apadziko lonse lapansi. Malinga ndi UNAMA, anthu wamba 341 adaphedwa chaka chimenecho ndi zigawenga zandege - zomwe zidati anthu 89 amwalira pankhondo zapadziko lonse lapansi.

Komabe lipoti lapachaka la UNAMA la 2020 linanena kuti pambuyo pa mgwirizano wa February 29 pakati pa US ndi Taliban "gulu lankhondo lapadziko lonse lapansi lidachepetsa kwambiri kayendetsedwe kake ka ndege, ndipo palibe zochitika zotere zomwe zidachititsa kuti anthu wamba awonongeke mu 2020 yotsalayo."

Akuluakulu a UN pambuyo pake adauza Airwars pamsonkhano wachidule kuti akukhulupirira kuti kumenyedwa kwa Afghan Air Force tsopano ndi omwe achititsa kuti pafupifupi anthu wamba aphedwe chifukwa cha ziwopsezo za ndege. Kutulutsidwa kwa data yomwe idasankhidwa kale kuchokera ku AFCENT kumasintha chithunzicho. Pakati pa Marichi ndi Disembala 2020, miyezi yomaliza ya a Trump paudindo, US idachita ziwonetsero 413 zandege - zambiri monga mu 2015 mwachitsanzo.

Kwa theka loyamba la 2021, UNAMA idapanganso malingaliro ofananawo ponena za kuchepa kwa ziwonetsero zaku US komanso zapadziko lonse lapansi, ponena kuti "poyerekeza ndi theka loyamba la 2020, chiwerengero cha anthu wamba omwe adaphedwa ndikuvulala pakumenya ndege chidakwera ndi 33 peresenti. Anthu wamba omwe avulala pa ndege za Afghan Air Force adawonjeza kuwirikiza kawiri pomwe asitikali apadziko lonse lapansi adachita ziwopsezo zochepa kwambiri. "

M'malo mwake, tikudziwa, ziwonetsero zopitilira 370 "zapadziko lonse" zidachitika mu 2021, zomwe pakati pawo zidagwetsa zida zopitilira 800.

UNAMA sinayankhe nthawi yomweyo mafunso okhudza ngati bungwe la UN likuwunikanso zomwe zapeza posachedwa, kutsatira kutulutsidwa kwa data ya AFCENT.

Biden akuwunikiridwa

Kuwululidwa kwa mazana mazana ankhondo zachinsinsi zaku US ku Afghanistan m'miyezi yoyamba ya a Joe Biden paudindo zikuwonetsa kuti ngakhale zomwe US ​​​​zinali zotsika kwambiri m'malo ena owonetsera mafilimu monga Iraq ndi Somalia, kulimba kwa nkhondo yazaka 20 ku Afghanistan kudapitilira mpaka kumapeto. .

Kumenyedwa kopitilira kasanu ku US ku Afghanistan kunachitika ku Afghanistan kuyambira Januware mpaka Ogasiti 2021 kuposa zomwe zidalengezedwa m'mabwalo owonetsera mafilimu aku US kuphatikiza chaka chonse, kuwunika kwa Airwars kukuwonetsa.

"Airwars akhala kuchenjeza kwakanthawi kuti ziwonetsero zaposachedwa za ndege ku Afghanistan - ngati ziwululidwa - zitha kuwonetsa zambiri zankhondo zaku US motsogozedwa ndi a Joe Biden kuposa momwe ambiri amaganizira," atero mkulu wa Airwars Chris Woods. "Zomwe zatulutsidwa kumenezi - zomwe siziyenera kutchulidwa poyambirira - zikuwonetsa kufunika kowunikiranso zomwe zachitika posachedwa ku US ku Afghanistan, kuphatikiza anthu wamba omwe avulala."

Deta ya Afghanistan imayima mwadzidzidzi mu Ogasiti 2021. Polengeza za kutulutsidwa kwa ziwonetsero zachinsinsi komanso zida zankhondo kwa atolankhani a Pentagon kumapeto kwa Lachisanu masana, wolankhulira wamkulu wa DoD John Kirby. anauza olemba nkhani: "Sipanakhalepo zomenyera ndege ku Afghanistan kuyambira pomwe kuchotsedwako kwatha."