Nkhani ku Boothbay Harbour Yacht Club
Wolemba Winslow Myers, Julayi 14, 2019
Vasili Archipov anali msilikali pa sitima yapamadzi ya Soviet pafupi ndi Cuba pa nthawi ya vuto la mizinga mu October 1962. Sitima zapamadzi za ku America zinali kugwetsa migodi yowonetsera pamtunda, kuyesera kuti ifike pamwamba. Asitikali a Soviet adapeza kuti anali ozama kwambiri kuti asalankhule ndi Moscow. Ankakayikira kuti mwina nkhondo yayamba kale. Akuluakulu awiri omwe anali mgululi adalimbikitsa kuwombera torpedo ya nyukiliya ku zombo zapafupi zaku America, zomwe zidaphatikizira owononga khumi ndi chonyamulira ndege.
Malamulo ankhondo apanyanja a Soviet anafuna kuvomerezana kotheratu kwa akuluakulu onse atatu ankhondo za nyukiliya. Archpov adati ayi. Ndiye ife tiri pano, zaka 57 pambuyo pake, mwina chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwathu kwenikweni ndi mphindi yoiwalika ya kudziletsa kodabwitsa.
Panthawiyi mwina mukukhumba mutandiitana kuti tidzakambirane za kupalasa njinga ku Tuscany! Koma ndili pano pamaziko a kabukhu kakang’ono kamene ndinalemba kamene kanasindikizidwa m’chaka cha 2009. Bukuli limafotokoza njira zogwirira ntchito za gulu la anthu odzipereka odzipereka omwe anachita nawo gulu losagwirizana ndi ndale lotchedwa Beyond War. Tinagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri ku United States, Canada, ndi dziko limene kale linali Soviet Union kwa zaka pafupifupi khumi, kuyambira kuchiyambi kwa ma 1980. Ntchito yathu inali yophunzitsa anthu za kutha kwa nkhondo monga njira yothetsera mikangano m’nyengo ya nyukiliya.
Chikuto cha bukuli chikuwonetsa kuphulika kwa atomiki kusanduka mtengo. Panthaŵi yomwe timapanga chivundikirocho tinali kungoganiza za bomba ngati imfa ndi mtengo ngati moyo. M’zaka makumi angapo zapitazi nkhaŵa za nkhondo ya zida za nyukiliya zacheperachepera pamene nkhaŵa yokhudzana ndi chilengedwe yawonjezereka.
Kuphulika kwa nyukiliya kumasintha kukhala mtengo kumasonyeza kugwirizana pakati pa nkhani ziwiri zazikuluzikuluzi, kupewa nkhondo yapadziko lonse komanso kukwaniritsa chilengedwe.
Zitha kumva ngati skunk paphwando lamunda kuti abweretsenso lupanga la nyukiliya lomwe lili pa ife. Chifukwa ndidaphunzitsa ana ake, ndimadziwa wosindikiza nyuzipepala yomwe idasindikiza gawo langa loyamba lankhondo yanyukiliya koyambirira kwa 1980s. Iye anadandaula kuti ngati anthu ngati ine akapanda kupitiriza kunena, palibe amene angade nkhawa nazo. Kusalingalira kopanda pake kotereku—kuchokera kwa wosindikiza nyuzipepala—kunandipangitsa ine kufuna kulembanso mkonzi wina, ndipo kuyambira pamenepo sindinaleke.
Jonas Salk ananena kuti udindo wathu waukulu ndi kukhala makolo abwino. Tsopano popeza ndili ndi zidzukulu zisanu ndipo mmodzi ali m'njira, akhala chilimbikitso changa chachikulu pa kulemba ndi kulankhula.
Nkhani ya zida za nyukiliya ndi nyengo zakhala zikugwirizana kuyambira pachiyambi. Ngakhale kuyesa koyamba kwa bomba la nyukiliya kunali ndi nyengo: akatswiri ena a sayansi ya ku Los Alamos anali ndi nkhawa kuti kuyesa koyamba kungayatse mlengalenga wonse wa dziko lapansi. Komabe, iwo analimbikira.
Ndiye tili ndi kuthekera kwa nyengo yozizira ya nyukiliya, kuphatikizika kwathunthu kwa nkhani za nyukiliya ndi nyengo. Ngati dziko limodzi la zida za nyukiliya lingaphulitse zida za nyukiliya m'nyengo yozizira kwambiri, n'kuphulika pafupifupi XNUMX malinga ndi makompyuta, ndiye kuti anthuwo angakhale akudzipha. Kubwezera kungangowonjezera kuwirikiza kawiri zotsatira zakupha zomwe zachitika kale.
Ngakhale nkhondo wamba imakhala ndi ngozi zoopsa. Mkuntho wapadziko lonse lapansi ukhoza kuyamba ndi moto wawung'ono - monga mkangano wa Kashmir kumalire a India ndi Pakistan, mayiko onse okhala ndi zida za nyukiliya, kapena zochitika zaposachedwa ku Gulf of Oman.
Gulu la Trident lili ndi zida zoponya zanyukiliya 24 zingapo zokhala ndi zida zophatikizira zophatikizira kuposa zida zonse zidaphulitsidwa munkhondo zonse ziwiri zapadziko lonse lapansi. Zitha kuyambitsa nyengo yozizira ya nyukiliya yokha.
Ndinali ndi mnzanga woyenda panyanja, wabizinesi wopambana dzina lake Jack Lund, yemwe anali ndi Concordia yawl yokhala ndi vanishi pamwamba pake. Jack atafika pa imodzi mwamasemina athu, adanena kuti sada nkhawa ndi nkhondo ya nyukiliya. Iye akanangoyendetsa mpaka ku South Dartmouth kumene ankasunga ngalawa yake, ndi kupita kukalowa dzuwa. Titamuwongolera mwachisoni kuti sadzafika pagombe chifukwa iye ndi bwato lake lokongola likanakhala lonyowa, analingalira za izo, ndipo anakhala wothandizira mowolowa manja wa gulu lathu.
Ngati nkhondo ya nyukiliya ndi mtedza, kuletsa, monga ngati sitima yapamadzi ya Trident mwachitsanzo, yakhala njira yathu yodzitetezera. Anthu amati kuletsa kwalepheretsa Nkhondo Yadziko 3. Koma zingakhale zolondola kunena kuti kuletsa kwalepheretsa nkhondo yachitatu yapadziko lonse. pakadali pano. Zovuta zikuwoneka odalirika, koma ndi malonda a mdierekezi, chifukwa cha zolakwika ziwiri zazikulu. Choyamba ndi chodziwika bwino: mpikisano wa zida zankhondo umakhala wosakhazikika. Olimbana nawo nthawi zonse amapikisana pamasewera achibwana. Kumenya kumapitilira. Mayiko osiyanasiyana akupanga zida zoponya za hypersonic zomwe zimatha kuyenda kuzungulira dziko lonse mu mphindi khumi ndi zisanu, kapena ma drones omwe amatha kutsatira ndi kupha munthu pogwiritsa ntchito foni yake yam'manja.
Cholakwika chachiwiri cholepheretsa ndikutsutsa kwake koopsa: kuti asagwiritsidwe ntchito, zida za aliyense ziyenera kukhala zokonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo. Palibe zolakwika, kutanthauzira molakwika, kapena ma hacks apakompyuta omwe angaloledwe. Kwamuyaya.
Tiyenera kunamizira kuti zochitika ngati kulephera kwa Challenger, Chernobyl, kuwonongeka ngati Boeing 737-max 8s awiri, kapena vuto la mizinga yaku Cuba palokha-sizinachitikepo ndipo sizinachitike.
Ndipo nthawi zambiri sizimafika kwa ife kuti kudalirana kwathu pachitetezo ndi mayiko ena a nyukiliya monga Russia kapena Pakistan kapena North Korea kumatanthauza kuti ndife otetezeka monga awo kuyang'ana kunja kwa psychopaths, kudalirika kwa zida zotetezera pa awo zida, kufuna kwa awo asilikali kuti atengere zida zankhondo zakuba ndi anthu omwe si a boma.
Pakadali pano kuletsa zida za nyukiliya sikulepheretsa nkhondo wamba kapena zigawenga. Kuletsa nyukiliya sikunalepheretse 9-11. Ma nyukiliya aku Russia sanalepheretse NATO kuti isasunthike chakum'mawa ndikuyesera kulembera mayiko ngati Georgia mu gawo lachidwi la Russia. Nukes aku America sanalepheretse Putin kuti asamukire ku Crimea. Ndipo atsogoleri ambiri aganizira mozama za kugwiritsa ntchito zida za nyukiliya koyamba, monga momwe Nixon adachitira titataya ku Vietnam, kapena ku Britain kunkhondo yaku Falklands Islands.
Mawu akuti “chitetezo” mkati mwake muli mawu oti “mankhwala,” koma palibe mankhwala ankhondo yanyukiliya. Pali okha kupewa.
Chinyengo chinanso chomwe chimakulitsa kulumala kwathu ndi lingaliro lakuti zonsezi zikuwoneka zazikulu kwambiri kuti sitingathe kuchita kalikonse.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1980, NATO ndi Soviet bloc onse anali kuponya zida zanyukiliya zazifupi komanso zapakatikati ku Europe. Asilikali amayenera kupanga zisankho zowopsa mkati mwanthawi yochepa kwambiri, mphindi zochepa.
Bungwe langa linakana kulekerera mikhalidwe yoyambitsa tsitsi imeneyi. Pogwiritsa ntchito maulumikizidwe a Dipatimenti Yaboma, tinafikira anzathu ku Soviet Union ndikukonzekera msonkhano wa akatswiri apamwamba a sayansi aku Soviet ndi America.
Nyuzipepala ya Wall Street Journal inalemba mochititsa mantha kuti Beyond War anali wonyenga wa KGB. Komabe, tinalimbikira. Asayansi ochokera ku maulamuliro awiri akuluakulu adasindikiza mapepala angapo pa nkhondo ya nyukiliya mwangozi yomwe inakhala "Kupambana," buku loyamba lofalitsidwa nthawi imodzi ku US ndi USSR
Reagan ndi Gorbachev anapitiriza kusaina pangano la Intermediate Nuclear Forces Treaty, kuchepetsa kwambiri mikangano ya Kum’maŵa ndi Kumadzulo ku Ulaya—mgwirizano womwewo umene Washington ndi Moscow tsopano akuuthetsa mwachisoni.
Kodi “Kupambana” kunathandiza kuthetsa nkhondo yachisanu? Anthu ambiri amapeza kuti bukhulo lokha louma komanso lotopetsa. Chomwe chinapanga kusiyana chinali maunansi ofunda ndi okhalitsa omwe anamangidwa pakati pa asayansi a Soviet ndi America pamene ankagwira ntchito limodzi pa vuto logawana.
Mu 1989 pambuyo pa nkhondo inapereka mphotho yake yapamwamba ya pachaka kwa Reagan ndi Gorbachev chifukwa chowongolera ubale pakati pa maulamuliro amphamvu.
Inali mphoto imodzi yamtendere yomwe Reagan adalandirapo, ndipo anali wokonzeka kuilandira mwachinsinsi ku ofesi ya oval. Mphotho ya Reagan idawononga Beyond War thandizo lalikulu lazachuma kuchokera kumanzere, koma Reagan adayenera.
Zaka khumi ndi zitatu pambuyo poti Wall Street Journal idanyoza zoyeserera za Beyond War, adafalitsa op-ed yolembedwa ndi Kissinger, Shultz, Nunn ndi Perry, osati ndendende ma peaceniks anu apakati, olimbikitsa kupanda ntchito kwa zida za nyukiliya komanso kuthetsedwa kwathunthu. Mu 2017, mayiko 122 adavomereza pangano la UN loletsa zida zonse za nyukiliya. Palibe mayiko asanu ndi anayi omwe adasaina.
Mfundo zanzeru zapadziko lonse lapansi zitha kuyitanitsa akazembe ndi akazembe ochokera kumayiko asanu ndi anayi kuti ayambe kukambirana kokhazikika, chifukwa nkhaniyi siili yoyipa ya zida zanyukiliya zaku North Korea motsutsana ndi zida zabwino zanyukiliya zaku America.
Zida zomwezo ndi mdani weniweni. Nyengo yozizira ya nyukiliya ingapangitse zokambirana zabwino kwambiri kwa atsogoleri ankhondo omwe asonkhana.
Mlembi wakale wa chitetezo Perry amanenanso kuti tingakhale otetezeka kwambiri, osachepera, ngati titachotsa mbali imodzi ya zida zathu za nyukiliya - mivi yakale ya silos ku Midwest. Ngati izi zikuwoneka ngati zopanda nzeru, onani ngati mungaganizire za imfa ya ndani:
"Pamene Soviet Union inkalowerera, Nuclear Threat Reduction Programme inapereka madola mamiliyoni ambiri a msonkho ku America kuti ateteze ndi kuthyola zida zowononga kwambiri ndi zipangizo zamakono zomwe zinatengera mayiko omwe kale anali Soviet Union a Russia, Belarus, Ukraine ndi Kazakhstan.
Zida za nyukiliya zopitirira 7,500 zinazimitsidwa, ndipo mizinga yoposa 1,400 yophulitsidwa ndi nthaka kapena sitima zapamadzi inawonongedwa.
Izi zinachepetsa mwayi woti zigawenga zigule kapena kuba zida ndipo zinapereka ntchito kwa asayansi a nyukiliya aku Soviet omwe mwina akanapita kukagwira ntchito ku Iran kapena dziko lina lofunitsitsa kupanga zida zanyukiliya. "
Izi zikuchokera pamwambo wa imfa ya Richard Lugar, senator waku Republican ku Indiana. Ndi Sam Nunn adathandizira Nunn-Lugar Nuclear Threat Reduction Program. Nunn-Lugar ndi momwe mtendere weniweni umawonekera - mwachangu, kutsata njira zabwinoko kuposa nkhondo. Richard Lugar adawonetsa molimba mtima kusinthika kwa mpikisano wa zida.
Chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri cha kudzikonda kotereku chinali ndondomeko ya Marshall yobwezeretsa chuma cha ku Ulaya pambuyo pa kuwonongeka kwa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse.
Banki yomwe ikupangitsa dziko la Germany lero kuti lisinthe mwamphamvu kukhala mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa linapangidwa ndi FDR's Reinvestment Finance Corporation, yomwe idathandizira ntchito zazikulu za New Deal. Likulu loyamba la banki yaku Germany lidathandizidwa ndi Marshall Plan.
Nanga bwanji ngati US ikadaganiza za Marshall Plan pambuyo pa 9-11? Tiyerekeze kuti tinali titasunga mitu yathu—ndithudi, zovuta kwambiri kuchita m’mikhalidwe yowopsya yoteroyo—ndipo m’malo mololera kubwezera, tinalonjeza kuchitapo kanthu kuti tichepetse mwachindunji kuvutika ndi chipwirikiti ku Middle East?
Kuyerekeza kokhazikika kwa zomwe US mwina idawononga kale pazovuta zathu zankhondo ku Iraq ndi Afghanistan ndi 5.5 quintillion madola.
Madola 100 thililiyoni ndi ochuluka kwambiri moti angathe kuthetsa mavuto onse a anthu padziko lapansi. Titha kudyetsa, kuphunzitsa, ndi kupereka madzi aukhondo ndi chisamaliro chaumoyo kwa onse, ndi zotsala zambiri kuti timange XNUMX% mpweya wosalowerera ndale padziko lonse lapansi.
Ku Rotary Club yanga, timamva nthawi zonse nkhani zolimbikitsa zochokera kumagulu ang'onoang'ono odzipereka odzipereka omwe akuyesetsa mwakhama kuti apeze ndalama zokwanira kuti amange nyumba ya ana amasiye ku Cambodia, kapena chitsime chimodzi chamadzi chachipatala ku Haiti. Tangoganizani zomwe Rotary, yokhala ndi makalabu 30,000 m'maiko 190, ingachite ndi madola mabiliyoni asanu.
Zida za nyukiliya sizingachite chilichonse kuthetsa vuto la othawa kwawo, kapena vuto ladzidzidzi lanyengo padziko lonse lapansi, zomwe pamodzi zidzakhala zomwe zingayambitse mikangano yamtsogolo. M'malo mokonda kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zothawira kunkhondo komanso ntchito zankhondo zomwe sizingachitike, bwanji tikadaganizira momwe tingachitire Marshall Plans pomwe tikudumpha nkhondo yomwe nthawi zambiri imabwera poyamba?
Kodi kukhala adani pa pulaneti laling'ono kumatanthauza chiyani kuti tidziwononge tokha ndi nkhondo kapena kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe? Njira yokhayo yothyola unyolo wa mpikisano wosatha wa zida zankhondo ndikuwusinthiratu monga Senator Lugar ndikugwiritsa ntchito chuma chathu chochuluka kuti tigwire nawo ntchito ndikuchita zabwino kwa adani athu. Ndi dziko liti lomwe liyambe izi ngati si lathu?
Masiku ano nkhondo imakhala ngati anthu aŵiri akumenyana m’nyumba imene ikuyaka moto, kapena kuti m’kati mwa madzi. Iran idakhudzidwa ndi kusefukira kwamadzi padziko lonse chaka chino.
Bwanji osagwiritsa ntchito luso lamphamvu la asitikali aku US kuti athandizire, kusokoneza olimba ku Tehran? Chonde musanene kuti sitingakwanitse. Tapenda kuya kwa ngalande ya Mariana ndi miyezi yakunja ya Jupiter, koma bajeti ya Pentagon imakhalabe dzenje lakuda losatheka.
Mayiko nthawi zambiri amafunika kukhala adani kuti adzimve bwino - timadziwonetsa kuti ndife olungama komanso apadera, mosiyana ndi "ena" osavuta, omwe amangotengeka ndi kunyozedwa, pomaliza kulungamitsa nkhondo. Olimba m'maiko odana amabweretsa zoyipitsitsa mwa wina ndi mnzake, muchipinda chotsekedwa cha echo-chiwopsezo komanso chiwopsezo.
Zomwe takumana nazo ndi Beyond War zidatsimikizira kuti njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera zizolowezi zonse kwa ife-ndi-iwo ndikugwira ntchito ndi ena, kuphatikiza adani-makamaka adani-kukwaniritsa zolinga zomwe timagawana. Mayi wa zolinga zonse zomwe timagawana ndikubwezeretsa ndi kusunga thanzi la chilengedwe cha pulaneti lathu laling'ono.
Katswiri wa sayansi ya zakuthambo Fred Hoyle ananena kuti chithunzithunzi cha dziko lonse lapansi chochokera kunja chikangopezeka, lingaliro latsopano lamphamvu monga lina lililonse m’mbiri lidzamasulidwa. Lingaliro la Hoyle linali njira yofotokozeranso m'mawu onse mfundo yogwira ntchito ya Marshall Plan - kuthekera kokulitsa malingaliro athu odzifunira okha kuti awonekere padziko lapansi.
Openda zakuthambo ochokera m’mayiko ambiri ali ndi lingaliro lawo la kudzikonda likukulitsidwa modabwitsa mwa kuyang’ana dziko lapansi ali mumlengalenga. Pali njira zingapo zomwe tonse tingatsatire zomwe zachitika mwaukatswiri.
Chimodzi chingakhale ngati titaphunzira kuti nyenyezi yaikulu ya asteroid inali panjira yowombana ndi dziko lapansi. Nthawi yomweyo timamvetsetsa zomwe zakhala zowona - kuti tonse tili mu izi. Zida zathu za nyukiliya zitha kukhala zothandiza kupotoza gulu lotere. Njira yachiwiri yofutukula msanga malingaliro athu odzikonda ingakhale ngati zolengedwa zachilendo zilumikizana nafe. Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi asteroid, tingadzidziwe tokha ngati mtundu wa anthu.
M'malo mwa Shia ndi Sunni, Aarabu ndi Myuda, kukanakhala kukonda dziko lako nthawi yomweyo.
Koma pali njira yachitatu yomwe tingakhalire nzika zapadziko lapansi, ndipo ndi kudzera mu zomwe zikuchitika kwa ife pakali pano. Sizikudziwika kuti tikukumana ndi zovuta zomwe sizingathetsedwe ndi dziko limodzi, ngakhale amphamvu bwanji. Aliyense atha kupanga ndandanda yathuyake—makorali akufa, madzi a m’nyanja kukwera ndi kutentha, Gulf of Maine akutentha mofulumira kwambiri kuposa kwina kulikonse padziko lapansi, nkhalango zamvula zatheratu, mizinda yonse kusefukira kapena matauni athunthu kutenthedwa, mavairasi amene agwira. kukwera pakati pa makontinenti pa ndege, mapulasitiki ang'onoang'ono omwe amalowetsedwa ndi nsomba ndikusunthira mmwamba mumzere wa chakudya.
Zambiri mwazovutazi ndizogwirizana kwambiri kotero kuti katswiri wa sayansi ya zachilengedwe Thomas Berry ananena kuti dziko lapansi silingapulumutsidwe mu zidutswa. N'zovuta kulingalira mfundo ina yovuta kwambiri. Zaposachedwa kwambiri kutsogoloku ndi lipoti la UN lokhudza zoopsa zamitundumitundu, zomwe ndi zazikulu komanso zapadziko lonse lapansi.
Kutha kosalekeza kwa mitundu yambiri ya mbalame, tizilombo ndi achule ndi ntchito ya kusintha kwathunthu kwa mapulaneti ndipo kuyenera kuthandizidwa ndi kuyankha kwathunthu kwa mapulaneti.
Dziko lapansi silingapulumutsidwe mu zidutswa. Mgwirizano wa United Nations, womwe ungakhale wofunikira kwambiri, umakhala pamenepo, ukuyembekezera kusinthidwa ndikutsitsimutsidwa pamilingo yopitilira muyeso ya mgwirizano wapadziko lonse womwe ungafunike.
Ogwira ntchito ku India akuvutika ndi kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono pongokhala panja kwa maola angapo pakutentha kopitilira madigiri 125. Kuti apulumuke, wogwira ntchito ku Mumbai ayenera kuthawira kumalo oziziritsa mpweya, ndipo ma air-conditioner ake akuponya mpweya mumlengalenga zomwe zidzakweza kutentha ku Scottsdale, Arizona.
Chomwe chikuyambira pa ife monga zamoyo ndikuti aliyense wa ife ali ndi udindo pa dziko lonse, osati dziko lonse lapansi, koma dziko lonse lapansi kupyola nthawi yonse yamtsogolo. Palibe njira yochitira kusiyana. Pokhapokha timapanga kusiyana. Funso lenileni ndilakuti ndi kusiyana kotani komwe tikufuna kupanga?
Mayankho aukadaulo pazovuta zapadziko lonse lapansi akupezeka ndipo ali okonzeka kukwera, kuphatikiza kulanda mpweya kuchokera mumlengalenga.
Inde, zidzawononga ndalama zambiri za bwato—koma mwina zosakwana madola mabiliyoni asanu.
Ine ndi Patti tinayenda ulendo wokambira nkhani imeneyi mu Chevrolet yamagetsi yonse yokhala ndi ma kilomita 300. Timachajitsanso ndi ma solar panels padenga la nyumba yathu. Opanga magalimoto amaima kupanga mtolo pamagalimoto amagetsi. M'malo molimbana, kukhazikika komanso kuchita mabizinesi mwaukali kumayembekezera kupanga chuma chambiri padzuwa, mphepo, ukadaulo wa batri, ulimi wothirira mthirira, kapena kukonzanso njanji zathu. Koma kusintha kwa phindu ndi kwakukulu: sitingathe kupeza chuma chabwino papulaneti lomwe likufota.
Lamulo la Ecuadorean limapereka ufulu womwe kale unkangoperekedwa kwa anthu ku mitsinje ndi mapiri ndi nyama zakuthengo, chifukwa ngati sizikuyenda bwino ifenso sitingachite bwino. Ngati mabungwe akhoza kukhala anthu, bwanji mitsinje?
Costa Rica ikhala ikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zongowonjezera 100% m'zaka zingapo. Maboma a California ndi New York akulowera njira yofanana. Maiko monga Bhutan ndi Belize apatula theka la gawo lawo kukhala malo osungira zachilengedwe. Phwando lobiriwira ku Germany, kamodzi pamphepete, tsopano ndi phwando lalikulu kumeneko.
Zomwe zimawoneka ngati zosatheka pazandale, pazachuma komanso paukadaulo masiku ano zisintha mwachangu kukhala zosapeŵeka za mawa - mawa momwe ma charter amabizinesi okha, komanso gawo lililonse pazachuma chathu lidzakhala ndi chinthu chobiriwira chomwe chimamangidwa momwemo. zoyambirira muyeso wa mtengo.
Nthaŵi ina ndinafunsa mphunzitsi wamkulu pasukulu yapamwamba kumene ndinkaphunzitsa ngati ndingathe kuchita maphunziro a zakuthambo. Patatha masiku angapo adandiuza movutikira - komanso mwamwano - pepani kwambiri koma cos.anakomanaology sizigwirizana kwenikweni ndi chithunzi cha sukulu yathu.
Cosmology ndi mawu a hifalutin otanthauza dziko lapansi. Wogula komanso wopikisana cosmology za mayiko otukuka n'zodabwitsa, chifukwa ndithudi misika yachita zabwino kwambiri, kukulitsa chitukuko ndi kuchepetsa njala ndi umphawi. Ndipo anthu ambiri amene amafika pagulu lapakati amatsogolera ku zotsatira zabwino zapadziko lonse za mabanja okhala ndi ana ochepa.
Choyipa chake ndi chakuti cosmology ya ogula yomwe imayesa kukwera kwachuma kwachuma kokha potengera kuchuluka kwa zinthu zapakhomo, kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe, ndipo pamapeto pake Zochepa kutukuka konse—pokhapokha tanthauzo lathu la kutukuka litasintha kwambiri.
Tsopano mphamvu zophulitsa zinthu zatha, maiko adzafunikira kuyeza chisungiko chawo ndi chuma ndi mlingo wa chopereka chawo ku ubwino wonse wa dongosolo ladziko lapansi. Ichi ndi chimene Thomas Berry amachitcha Ntchito Yaikuru, sitepe yaikulu yotsatira. Izi ndi ndi lingaliro lofunika kwambiri la filosofi ya 21st zaka zana, chifukwa zimayimira njira yathu yakupulumuka ndi kutanthauzira kwachiyembekezo kwa ntchito yathu yaumunthu munkhani yazaka 5 biliyoni yomwe ikuchitika padziko lapansi.
Ntchito yathu yayikulu monga anthu idzakhala kuyang'anira ndi kukondwerera kukongola kodabwitsa ndi luntha lachilengedwe lomwe tidachokeramo. Pamene tikuphunzira kukonzanso dzikoli, n'zosavuta kufotokoza mpweya wabwino komanso nyanja zokhazikika. Koma ndizovuta kuwona momwe ife eni tingasinthire ngati titapambana. Kodi kulimbikitsa kwa zinthu zamoyo kumeneku sikungalimbikitsenso olimbikitsa? Kodi sizingapatse ana athu mphamvu zowonjezera kuti athe kulimbana ndi vuto lililonse limodzi? Takhala tikuweruzidwa kuti tiphedwe kwa zaka 75, choyamba ndi chiwopsezo cha zida za atomiki ndipo tsopano ndikuwopseza komwe kukubwera pang'onopang'ono kwa nyengo. Tili ndi lingaliro losavuta kwambiri kuti zovuta zomwe zikubwerazi zakhudza bwanji malingaliro athu amunthu payekha komanso gulu, komanso chisangalalo chomwe chingalowe m'miyoyo ya ana athu ngati nkhawa zotere zitachepa.
Kuphunzira kuyeza chuma chathu chenicheni mogwirizana ndi zomwe tapereka ku thanzi la moyo ndi zofanana ndi atate oyambitsa akapolo omwe amalimba mtima kunena mokweza kuti "anthu onse analengedwa mofanana." Iwo sankadziwa tanthauzo la mawu amenewa.
Momwemonso ndi njira yatsopanoyi yoyezera chuma chathu ndi mphamvu zathu. Tidzangoyenera kuyenda m'madzimo ndikuwona zomwe zikuchitika m'mabungwe athu onse, mipingo yathu, ndale zathu, mayunivesite athu, mabungwe athu.
Ndimaliza ndi nkhani ina yapanyanja.
M’ntchito yanga ndi Beyond War, ndinali ndi mwaŵi wokhala paubwenzi ndi wolemekezeka wa ku Yankee dzina lake Albert Bigelow. Bert anali wophunzira wa Harvard, woyendetsa panyanja yamadzi a buluu komanso yemwe kale anali Mtsogoleri wa asilikali a ku United States. Mu 1958, Bert ndi amuna ena anayi anayesa kuyenda panyanja yawo, yomwe moyenerera anaitchula kuti Lamulo la Chikhalidwe, kupita ku US Pacific zotsimikizira ku Marshall Islands, kuchitira umboni motsutsana ndi kuyesa kwa nyukiliya mumlengalenga.
Anaimitsidwa panyanja pafupi ndi Honolulu ndipo anakhala m’ndende kwa masiku XNUMX chifukwa cha kusamvera boma.
Zaka zisanu pambuyo pake Purezidenti Kennedy, Premier Khrushchev ndi Prime Minister Macmillan adasaina pangano loletsa kuyesa kwamlengalenga, popeza lidavomerezedwa ndi mayiko 123. Ndimatchula za Bert kuti ndilumikizane komaliza pakati pa zida zanyukiliya ndi vuto lathu lanyengo. Zilumba za Marshall zidakhala zosakhalamo chifukwa cha kuyesa kwa atomiki komwe Bert amayesa kuyimitsa m'ma 1950. Tsopano zilumba za Marshall zomwezi zili pachiwopsezo chosowa kotheratu pamene Pacific ikukwera pang’onopang’ono. Anthu awo abweretsedwa pafupifupi ku chiwonongeko choyamba ndi chimodzi, kenako ndi china, pa zovuta ziwiri zazikulu zomwe takhala tikuziganizira.
Kodi ife—ife monga Achimerika, ndi we monga mtundu umodzi wa zamoyo papulaneti limodzi—kuthetsa mavuto onse aŵiriwo?
