Zapadera: Media idagwera mumsampha wa neoconservative, kachiwiri.
Kwa zaka zambiri, mabungwe akuluakulu aku US kuyambira ku Pentagon mpaka 9/11 Commission akhala akukankhira mzere womwe Iran idagwirizana mobisa ndi Al Qaeda zisanachitike komanso pambuyo pa zigawenga za 9/11. Koma umboni wa zonenazo udali wachinsinsi kapena wazithunzi, ndipo nthawi zonse wokayikitsa kwambiri.
Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa November, atolankhani ambiri adanena kuti ali ndi "mfuti yosuta" - chikalata cha CIA cholembedwa ndi mkulu wa Al Qaeda wosadziwika ndipo chinatulutsidwa pamodzi ndi zolemba za 47,000 zomwe sizinawonekerepo zomwe zinagwidwa m'nyumba ya Osama bin Laden ku Abbottabad, Pakistan. .
The Associated Press inanena kuti chikalata cha Al Qaeda "chikuwoneka ngati kulimbikitsa zonena za US kuti Iran idathandizira maukonde ochita zinthu monyanyira zomwe zidapangitsa zigawenga za Seputembara 11." The Wall Street Journal anati Chikalatacho "chimapereka chidziwitso chatsopano pa ubale wa Al Qaeda ndi Iran, ndikuwonetsa mgwirizano wapagulu womwe udayamba chifukwa chodana ndi United States ndi Saudi Arabia."
NBC News idalemba kuti chikalatacho chikuwonetsa kuti, "pazigawo zosiyanasiyana zaubwenzi ... Iran idapereka thandizo la Al Qaeda mwanjira ya 'ndalama, zida' ndi "maphunziro m'misasa ya Hezbollah ku Lebanon posinthana ndi zofuna za America ku Gulf," kutanthauza kuti Al Qaeda yakana. Mneneri wakale wa Obama National Security Council Ned Price, akulembera Atlantic, adapita patali, kuvomereza kuti chikalatacho chikuphatikizanso nkhani ya "mgwirizano ndi akuluakulu aku Iran kuti alandire ndi kuphunzitsa mamembala a Saudi-Al Qaeda bola atavomereza kupanga chiwembu chotsutsana ndi mdani wawo wamba, zokonda zaku America kudera la Gulf."
Koma palibe lipoti lililonse mwamawayilesi amenewo lomwe linazikidwa pa kuŵerenga mosamalitsa za m’chikalatacho. Chikalata chamasamba 19 cha chinenero cha Chiarabu, chomwe chinamasuliridwa mokwanira kuti TAC, sichigwirizana ndi nkhani zofalitsa nkhani za umboni watsopano wa mgwirizano wa Iran-Al Qaeda, kaya pasanafike kapena pambuyo pa 9/11, nkomwe. Palibe umboni uliwonse wa chithandizo chogwirika cha Iran ku Al Qaeda. M'malo mwake, zikutsimikizira umboni wam'mbuyomu woti akuluakulu aku Iran adasonkhanitsa mwachangu ogwira ntchito ku Al Qaeda omwe amakhala mdzikolo pomwe adatha kuwatsata, ndikuwasunga kwaokha kuti asakumanenso ndi magulu a Al Qaeda kunja kwa Iran.
Zomwe zikuwonetsa ndikuti mabungwe a Al Qaeda adatsogozedwa kuti akhulupirire kuti Iran ndi yochezeka pazifukwa zawo ndipo adadabwa kwambiri pamene anthu awo adagwidwa ndi mafunde awiri kumapeto kwa 2002. ndikukulitsa nzeru za kukhalapo kwa Al Qaeda ku Iran.
Komabe, nkhaniyi, yomwe ikuwoneka kuti idalembedwa ndi gulu lapakati la Al Qaeda mu 2007, ikuwoneka kuti ikulimbikitsa nkhani yamkati ya Al Qaeda kuti gulu lachigawenga lidakana zamwano zaku Iran ndipo anali osamala pazomwe amawona ngati kusadalirika kwa gulu lankhondo. aku Iran. Wolembayo akuti aku Iran adapereka mamembala a Saudi Al Qaeda omwe adalowa mdzikolo "ndalama ndi zida, chilichonse chomwe angafune, ndikuphunzitsidwa ndi Hezbollah kuti athane ndi zofuna zaku America ku Saudi Arabia ndi Gulf."
Koma palibe zonena ngati zida zilizonse zaku Iran kapena ndalama zidaperekedwa kwa omenyera a Al Qaeda. Ndipo wolembayo akuvomereza kuti a Saudis omwe akufunsidwa anali m'gulu la omwe adathamangitsidwa panthawi yomangidwa mokulira, akukayikitsa ngati panali mgwirizano uliwonse.
Wolembayo akuwonetsa kuti Al Qaeda idakana thandizo la Iran pa mfundo. “Sitikuwafuna,” iye anaumirirabe. "Tithokoze Mulungu, titha popanda iwo, ndipo palibe chomwe chingabwere kuchokera kwa iwo koma zoyipa."
Mutu umenewo mwachiwonekere ndi wofunikira kusunga chizindikiritso cha gulu ndi makhalidwe abwino. Koma pambuyo pake m'chikalatacho, wolembayo akuwonetsa kukhumudwa kwakukulu pazomwe adawona kuti ndi Iranian double-deals mu 2002 mpaka 2003. "Iwo ali okonzeka kusewera," akulemba za anthu aku Irani. “Chipembedzo chawo n’chabodza ndi kukhala chete. Ndipo nthawi zambiri amawonetsa zomwe zili zosemphana ndi zomwe zili m'malingaliro awo…. Ndi choloŵa nawo, chozama mu khalidwe lawo.”
Wolembayo akukumbukira kuti ogwira ntchito ku Al Qaeda adalamulidwa kuti asamukire ku Iran mu Marichi 2002, patatha miyezi itatu atachoka ku Afghanistan kupita ku Waziristan kapena kwina kulikonse ku Pakistan (chikalatacho, mwa njira, sichikunena chilichonse chazochitika ku Iran isanafike 9/11) . Iye akuvomereza kuti ambiri mwa magulu ake adalowa ku Iran mosaloledwa, ngakhale kuti ena mwa iwo adalandira ma visa kuchokera ku kazembe wa Iran ku Karachi.
Ena mwa omaliza anali Abu Hafs al Mauritani, katswiri wachisilamu yemwe adalamulidwa ndi utsogoleri wa shura ku Pakistan kuti apemphe chilolezo cha Iran kuti omenyera nkhondo a Al Qaeda ndi mabanja adutse ku Iran kapena kukhala komweko kwa nthawi yayitali. Adatsagana ndi makadi apakati komanso otsika, kuphatikiza ena omwe amagwira ntchito ku Abu Musab al Zarqawi. Nkhaniyi ikuwonetsa kuti Zarqawi mwiniwake adabisala atalowa ku Iran mosaloledwa.
Abu Hafs al Mauratani adamvana ndi Iran, malinga ndi akaunti ya Al Qaeda, koma zinalibe chochita ndi kupereka zida kapena ndalama. Unali mgwirizano womwe unawalola kukhalabe kwakanthawi kapena kudutsa m'dzikolo, koma pokhapokha ngati atsatira malamulo okhwima achitetezo: osakumana, osagwiritsa ntchito mafoni am'manja, osasunthika omwe angakope chidwi. Nkhaniyi ikunena kuti zoletsazo zidachitika chifukwa cha mantha aku Iran zakubwezera ku US - zomwe mosakayikira zinali mbali yachilimbikitso. Koma zikuwonekeratu kuti Iran idawona Al Qaeda ngati chiwopsezo chachitetezo cha Salafist kwa iyo yokha.
Nkhani yosadziwika ya Al Qaeda ndi chidziwitso chofunikira kwambiri potengera kuumirira kwa neoconservatives kuti Iran idagwirizana kwathunthu ndi Al Qaeda. Chikalatacho chikusonyeza kuti chinali chovuta kwambiri kuposa pamenepo. Akuluakulu aku Iran akadakana kulandira gulu la Abu Hafs lomwe likuyenda ndi pasipoti mwaubwenzi, zikadakhala zovuta kwambiri kusonkhanitsa zidziwitso za anthu a Al Qaeda omwe akudziwa kuti adalowa mosaloledwa ndikubisala. Ndi alendo ovomerezeka a Al Qaeda omwe akuwayang'aniridwa, atha kuzindikira, kupeza ndi kusonkhanitsa Al Qaeda yobisika, komanso omwe adabwera ndi mapasipoti.
Ambiri mwa alendo a Al Qaeda, malinga ndi chikalata cha Al Qaeda, adakhazikika ku Zahedan, likulu la Sistan ndi Province la Baluchistan komwe anthu ambiri ndi a Sunni ndipo amalankhula Chibaluchi. Nthawi zambiri amaphwanya ziletso zachitetezo zomwe anthu aku Iran adakhazikitsa. Iwo adakhazikitsa maulalo ndi a Baluchi - omwe akuti nawonso anali a Salafist - ndipo adayamba kuchita misonkhano. Ena aiwo adalumikizananso pafoni ndi zigawenga za Salafist ku Chechnya, komwe nkhondo idakulirakulira. Saif al-Adel, m'modzi mwa otsogolera ku Al Qaeda ku Iran panthawiyo, pambuyo pake adawulula kuti gulu lankhondo la Al Qaeda motsogozedwa ndi Abu Musab al Zarqawi nthawi yomweyo lidayamba kukonzekeranso kubwerera ku Afghanistan.
Kampeni yoyamba yaku Iran yosonkhanitsa anthu ogwira ntchito ku Al Qaeda, yomwe mlembi wazolembazo akuti imayang'ana kwambiri Zahedan, idabwera mu Meyi kapena June 2002 - pasanathe miyezi itatu atalowa Iran. Omangidwawo ankatsekeredwa m’ndende kapena kuthamangitsidwa m’dziko lawo. Nduna Yowona Zakunja ku Saudi idayamika Iran mu Ogasiti chifukwa idasamutsa anthu 16 a Al Qaeda ku boma la Saudi mu Juni.
Mu February 2003 chitetezo cha Iran chinayambitsa funde latsopano la kumanga. Nthawiyi adagwira magulu atatu akuluakulu a Al Qaeda ku Tehran ndi Mashad, kuphatikiza Zarqawi ndi atsogoleri ena apamwamba mdzikolo, malinga ndi chikalatacho. Saif al Adel kenako zidawululidwa muzolemba patsamba la pro-Al Qaeda mu 2005 (zolembedwa mu nyuzipepala ya Saudi Asharq al-Awsat), kuti anthu a ku Iran anakwanitsa kulanda 80 peresenti ya gulu logwirizana ndi Zarqawi, ndi kuti "zinachititsa kuti 75 peresenti ya dongosolo lathu lilephereke."
Wolemba wosadziwika akulemba kuti lamulo loyambirira la Iran linali kuthamangitsa omwe adamangidwa komanso kuti Zarqawi adaloledwa kupita ku Iraq (komwe adakonza chiwembu choukira ma Shia ndi mabungwe amgwirizano mpaka imfa yake ku 2006). Koma, akuti, ndondomekoyi idasintha mwadzidzidzi ndipo anthu aku Iran adasiya kuthamangitsidwa, m'malo mwake adasankha kusunga utsogoleri wamkulu wa Al Qaeda m'ndende - mwina ngati tchipisi tating'onoting'ono. Inde, Iran inathamangitsira anthu 225 a Al Qaeda ku mayiko ena, kuphatikizapo Saudi Arabia, mu 2003. Koma atsogoleri a Al Qaeda anachitikira ku Iran, osati ngati tchipisi tating'onoting'ono, koma pansi pa chitetezo cholimba kuti aletse kuyankhulana ndi ma Al Qaeda kwina kulikonse. dera, lomwe Akuluakulu a Bush Administration pamapeto pake adavomereza.
Pambuyo pa kumangidwa ndi kumangidwa kwa akuluakulu a al Qaeda, utsogoleri wa Al Qaeda unakwiyira kwambiri Iran. Mu November 2008, osadziwika mfuti anagwidwa mkulu wa kazembe wa Iran ku Peshawar, Pakistan, ndipo mu Julayi 2013, ogwira ntchito ku al Qaeda ku Yemen adalanda kazembe waku Iran. Mu Marichi 2015, Iran inanenaadatulutsa asanu mwa akuluakulu a al Qaeda mndende, kuphatikiza Said al-Adel, kuti amasulidwe kazembe ku Yemen. M'chikalata chomwe chinatengedwa ku Abbottabad ndipo chinasindikizidwa ndi West Point's Counter-Terrorism Center mu 2012, mkulu wa Al Qaeda. analemba, "Tikukhulupirira kuti zoyesayesa zathu, zomwe zikuphatikiza kukulitsa kampeni yandale ndi mawayilesi, ziwopsezo zomwe tidapanga, kubedwa kwa bwenzi lawo mlangizi wazamalonda ku kazembe wa Iran ku Peshawar, ndi zifukwa zina zomwe zidawawopseza malinga ndi zomwe adawona. wokhoza), kukhala pakati pa zifukwa zimene zinawapangitsa kufulumira (kumasulidwa kwa akaidi ameneŵa).”
Panali nthawi yomwe Iran idawona Al Qaeda ngati mnzake. Inali nthawi komanso itatha nkhondo ya mujahedin motsutsana ndi asilikali a Soviet ku Afghanistan. Imeneyi, ndithudi, inali nthawi yomwe CIA inali kuchirikiza zoyesayesa za bin Laden. Koma a Taliban atalanda mphamvu ku Kabul mu 1996 - makamaka pambuyo poti asitikali a Taliban atapha akazembe 11 aku Iran ku Mazar-i-Sharif mu 1998 - malingaliro aku Iran a Al Qaeda adasintha kwambiri. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, Iran yakhala ikuwona kuti ndi gulu lachigawenga lampatuko komanso mdani wake wolumbirira. Chomwe sichinasinthe ndikutsimikiza kwa dziko la United States la chitetezo cha dziko la United States ndi othandizira a Israeli kuti asunge nthano ya chithandizo chokhazikika cha Iran ku Al Qaeda.
Gareth Porter ndi mtolankhani wodziimira yekha ndipo wapambana mphoto ya 2012 Gellhorn yolemba. Iye ndi mlembi wa mabuku ambiri, kuphatikizapo Mavuto Opangidwa: The Untold Story ya Iran Nuclear Scare (Mabuku a Padziko Lonse, 2014).
