X yofiira imawonetsa Malo Ophunzitsira Moto ku Naval Research Laboratory - Chesapeake Bay Detachment. Buluu X ndiye komwe oyisitara amayesedwa ndi Town of Chesapeake Beach.
Ndi Pat Elder, Mil MilPoisons.org, August 12, 2021
Town of Chesapeake idatulutsa zotsatira zoyesa zowopsa pa Ogasiti 10, 2021 ya PFAS mu oyster, nsomba, ndi sewer sludge. Otsika kuposa 1,060 ppt a PFAS omwe amafotokozedwa mu oysters anali owopsa chifukwa ma bivalves omwe adayesedwa anali ochokera ku 23 mamailosi, m'dera limodzi mwachilengedwe kwambiri ku Chesapeake Bay. Pakadali pano, nsomba inagwira pamtunda wa 1,000 kuchokera pagombe la Naval Research Laboratory - Chesapeake Bay Detachment (NRL-CBD) idapezeka kuti ili ndi 9,470 ppt ya ziphezo, pomwe rockfish inali ndi 2,450 ppt. Mayiko ambiri amaletsa PFAS m'madzi akumwa mpaka 20 ppt, ngakhale Maryland siyiyang'anira zinthuzo.
Katemera kakang'ono kochokera ku Chesapeake Bay amatha kulemera ma ouniki 4 kapena 113 magalamu. Ngati fayilo ya nsombayo ili ndi magawo 9,470 pa trilioni ya PFAS, ndiwo magawo a 9.47 pa biliyoni, omwe ndi ofanana ndi ma 9.47 nanograms pa gramu. (ng / g)
Chifukwa chake, 9.47 ng / gx 113 g = 1,070 ng. Kutumiza kwa 4-ounce kumakhala ndi ma nanograms a 1,070 a PFAS. Tikati ma ounces 4 a nsomba zokoma izi zimaperekedwa kwa wazaka zisanu zakubadwa zolemera mapaundi 50.
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) yakhazikitsa Tolerable Weekly Intake (TWI) ya mwana wolemera mapaundi 50 (22.6 kilos) pa nanograms 100 pa sabata zamankhwala anayi a PFAS, kuphatikiza PFOS.
Ma ouniti anayi a nsomba yokhala ndi 1,070 ng ya PFAS ndiochulukirapo kakhumi kuposa ku Europe mlungu uliwonse malire a mwana wathu. Nsombayo ndi poizoni. Sichipha mwanayo, koma zikuyenera kuti zimamupangitsa kuti adwale popita nthawi.
Maofesi a Zaumoyo ndi Zachilengedwe ku Maryland sakhudzidwa ndi a Maryland omwe amamwa poizoni wochuluka kuchokera pagawo laling'ono la nsomba. Amayi omwe ali ndi pakati kapena atha kukhala ndi pakati sayenera kudya nsomba zogwidwa pafupi ndi Naval Research Laboratory - Chesapeake Bay Detachment. Zikuwonekeratu kuti sayenera kudya nsomba kulikonse kuchokera kunyanjayi - ndipo sayeneranso wina aliyense.
Zotsatira zoyeserera zotulutsidwa ndi Town of Chesapeake Beach zidawonetsanso kuti madzi otulutsa zimbudzi "omwe amathandizidwa" omwe amatulutsidwa pafupipafupi kunyanja kuchokera mtawuniyi amapezeka kuti ali ndi 506.9 ppt ya "mankhwala osatha". Perfluoropentanoic Acid (PFPeA), wogwira ntchito zankhondo / mafakitala ndiomwe adayambitsa zodetsa zambiri. Chesapeake Beach imalandiranso chidwi kuchokera ku Town of North Beach, ndi gawo laling'ono lakumwera kwa Anne Arundel County. Mitundu yonse ya PFAS imaganiziridwa kuti ndi yovulaza, pomwe njira yayikulu yakulowerera kwa anthu ndikudya nsomba za m'madzi zoipitsidwa.
Tawuni ya Chesapeake Beach idatulutsa mawu awa:
"Ogasiti 10, 2021 (Chesapeake Beach, MD) - Town of Chesapeake Beach ikupitilizabe kulumikizana ndi Dipatimenti Yachilengedwe ya Maryland ndi Gulu Lankhondo Laku United States pokhudzana ndi zochepetsera ku Navy Research Laboratory - Chesapeake Bay Detachment.
M'mwezi wa Meyi wa 2021, Tawuniyo idalengeza kuti madzi akumwa amtauni alibe zotsalira za polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS). Kuyesedwa kunkachitika pazitsime zonse zakumwa mumzinda, zomwe zimachokera ku Aquia Aquifer.
Kuphatikiza pakuyesa madzi akumwa a Town, Town yatenganso njira zina kuyesa madzi osambira a Town, zamoyo zam'madzi zam'derali komanso madzi amadzi a Chesapeake Beach Water Reclamation (WRTP) amadzimadzi a per-and polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS). "
Ngakhale tawuniyi akuti idayesa "zamoyo zam'madzi zam'deralo", lipoti la oyisitara lokonzedwa ndi Eurofins Environment Testing America, lolembedwa pa 8/4/21, limaphatikizanso ma GPS a 3842.084. 7630.601 yomwe imaloza kudera lina lomwe lili pamtunda wa 23 SSE kuchokera ku Chesapeake Beach, 1 mile kuchokera ku St. John Creek ku Eastern Shore ya Maryland, kufupi ndi chilumba cha Taylor's Island Wildlife Management Area. Malowa ali pafupifupi 5.5 kum'mawa kwa Cove Point Light House ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi amodzi mwamalo abwino kwambiri m'chigawo cha Chesapeake. Onani fayilo ya Lipoti la Oyster la Eurofins yotulutsidwa ndi tawuniyi.
Rockfish ndi Perch adasonkhanitsidwa ku 3865.722, 7652.5429, yomwe ili pamtunda wa pafupifupi 1,000 kuchokera ku NRL-CBD. Onani fayilo ya Lipoti la Nsomba ku Eurofins yotulutsidwa ndi tawuniyi.
Zosokoneza, malipoti a oyisitara ndi nsomba omwe amakonzedwa ndi ma Eurofins adachitika m'malo mwa kasitomala:
PEER
8200 Bayside Rd.
Chesapeake, Maryland 20732
Wolemba: Holly Wahl
ACHINYAMATA ndi achidule kwa Ogwira Ntchito Pagulu Pazinthu Zachilengedwe, bungwe lotsogola lotsogola ku Silver Spring, Maryland lomwe limateteza oimba milandu ndikuwunikira zomwe boma likuchita. A Tim Whitehouse, Executive Director wa PEER ati bungwe lawo "silinachite nawo" polemba lipotilo.
Town of Chesapeake Beach akuti "ikupitilizabe kulumikizana ndi Dipatimenti Yachilengedwe ya Maryland ndi Gulu Lankhondo Laku United States pokhudzana ndi zochepetsera ku Navy Research Laboratory - Chesapeake Bay Detachment" ndipo izi zikuwonekeratu.
Zachisoni, palibe amene akuchepetsa mankhwala azachilengedwe. M'malo mwake, akuyesera kuchepetsa nkhawa za anthu zokhudzana ndi kuipitsidwa kwa Navy ya Chesapeake Bay. Kuchepetsa DOD ndi lingaliro lokulitsa. Chilolezo chakupha poizoni chimapezeka kudzera pakukopa kwachinyengo, kosasunthika, komanso kothandiza.
Pamene milingo yayikulu ya PFAS idanenedwa m'madzi a St. Inigoes Creek moyandikana ndi Webster Field Annex ya Patuxent River Naval Air Station mu February, 2020, Ira May, yemwe imayang'anira boma kuyeretsa malo a Dipatimenti Yachilengedwe ya Maryland, adati kuwonongeka mumtsinje, "ngati kulipo", kungakhalenso ndi gwero lina. Mankhwalawa amapezeka m'malo otayidwa pansi, adatinso, komanso mu biosolids komanso malo omwe anthu wamba amapumira moto thovu.
Malo okhala pafupi kwambiri ndi kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kosalekeza kwa thovu lozimitsa moto la PFAS pamunsi ndi 11 mamailosi pomwe nyumba yoyatsira moto yapafupi ndi 5 mamailosi.
"Chifukwa chake, pali zambiri zomwe zingachitike," atero a May. "Tangoyamba kumene kuyang'ana zonsezi." Ndipo iwo akadali pachiyambi.
Wotsogolera zachilengedwe ku Maryland akulemba za DOD. Navy pambuyo pake adatinso 84,756 ppt ya PFAS m'madzi apansi panthaka ku Webster Field, kulunjika kumtsinje.
Pali umboni wowonjezera wakukhudzidwa kwa Maryland pankhani ya PFAS m'moyo wam'madzi wa Chesapeake. Mu September 2020, Dipatimenti Yachilengedwe ya Maryland (MDE) inatulutsa lipoti lotchedwa “St. Mary's River Pilot Study of PFAS Zomwe Zimapezeka Pamadzi Am'madzi ndi Oyisitara. ” (PFAS Pilot Study) yomwe idasanthula magawo a per-and poly fluoroalkyl zinthu (PFAS) m'madzi am'nyanja ndi oyster. Makamaka, kafukufuku woyendetsa ndege wa PFAS adazindikira kuti ngakhale PFAS imapezeka mumtsinje wa St. Mary's, zomwe zikuwonjezeka "ndizotsika pang'ono pachiwopsezo chazosangalatsa zogwiritsa ntchito malo oyeserera oyster."
Ngakhale lipotilo likupanga izi, njira zowunikira komanso maziko a njira zowunikira zomwe MDE imagwiritsa ntchito ndizokayikitsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu asochere, ndikupereka chinyengo komanso chitetezo chabodza.
Mapeto a MDE yafika pazomwe zapezeka kutengera chidziwitso chenicheni chomwe asonkhanitsa ndikusowa mfundo zovomerezeka zasayansi ndi zamakampani pamitundu ingapo. Phunziro la Pilas Pilot Study linayesa ndikunena zakupezeka kwa PFAS mu minofu ya oyster. Kuwunikaku kunachitika ndi Alpha Analytical Laboratory yaku Mansfield, Massachusetts.
Kuyesa kochitidwa ndi Alpha Analytical Laboratory kunali ndi malire ozindikira oyster pa microgram imodzi pa kilogalamu (1 /g / kg) yomwe ikufanana ndi gawo limodzi pa biliyoni, kapena magawo 1 pa trilioni. (ppt.) Zotsatira zake, momwe gulu lililonse la PFAS limadziwika palokha, njira yowunikira yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito sinathe kupeza aliyense wa PFAS pamtengo wochepera wa magawo 1,000 pa trilioni. Kupezeka kwa PFAS ndikowonjezera; Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa kampani iliyonse kumawonjezeredwa kuti kufikire PFAS yonse yomwe ilipo. Kuwonjezeka kumatha kupitilira magawo masauzande angapo paziyizoni za oyisitara pomwe boma limati "No Detect".
MDE ikuphimba Navy pomwe Town of Chesapeake Beach ilibe pemphero ngakhale itasankha kukhala wosewera wowona mtima.
Pansipa pali zomwe zapezeka kuchokera ku oyisitara ndi maphunziro a nsomba, ndikutsatiridwa ndi kuwunika kwa PFAS ndi Pace Analytical kwamadzi amadzi ochokera ku Chesapeake Beach Water Reclamation Treatment Plant, (WRTP). Madzi amadzimadzi amathira kunyanjayo atathiridwa mankhwala. Mankhwala a PFAS samachotsedwa pamadzi pochita chithandizo.
oyisitara
PFOA - Perfluorooctanoic acid 180 ppt JB *
PFOS - Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid 470 ppt J
PFOSA - Perfluorooctanesulfonamide 410 ppt J
Onse 1,060
===========
Nsomba
PFOS - Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid 7,400 ppt
PFOA - Perfluorooctanoic acid) 210 ppt JB
PFNA Perfluorononanoic acid) 770 ppt
PFDA Perfluorodecanoic acid) 370 ppt JB
PFHxS Perfluorohexane sulphonate) 210 ppt J
PFUnDA Perfluoroundecanoic acid) 510 ppt J
Chiwerengero cha 9,470 ppt
==========
Rockfish (Mizere Yambiri)
PFOS - Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid 1,200 ppt
PFHxA - Perfluorohexanoic acid 220 ppt JB
PFOA - Perfluorooctanoic acid 260 ppt JB
PFDA - Perfluorodecanoic acid 280 ppt JB
PFOSA - Perfluorooctanesulfonamide 200 ppt J
PFUnDA - Perfluoroundecanoic acid 290 ppt J
Chiwerengero cha 2,450 ppt
===============
J - ndende ndiyofanana; B - chophatikizira chidapezeka m'malo opanda kanthu ndi zitsanzo.
Mzinda wa Chesapeake Beach Water Reclamation Treatment Plant
Zotsatira Zabwino za PFAS
Madzi Atoleredwa 06/10/2021
Katswiri Wosangalatsa
Mtsinje wa Chesapeake, MD
Chidule cha Kufufuza Zitsanzo PFAS ndi Isotope Dilution Client
PFAS ndende
PFPeA - Perfluoropentanoic acid 350 ppt
PFBA - Perfluorobutyrate 13
PFBS - Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid 11
PFHxA - Perfluorohexanoic acid 110
PFHpA - Perfluoroheptanoic acid 6.4
PFHxS - Perfluorohexane sulphonate 2.3
PFOA - Perfluorooctanoic acid 11
PFOS - Perfluorooctanesulfonic 3.2
Chiwerengero cha 506.9 ppt
==============
Mu Meyi 2021, Navy idalengeza kuti tsamba la NRL-CBD linali ndi milingo ya PFAS m'nthaka yocheperako yopitilira magawo 8 miliyoni pa trilioni, mwina apamwamba kwambiri kulikonse padziko lapansi. Kuchuluka kwa kuipitsidwa kuyenera kuti kumatsimikizira kuipitsabe kwa deralo kwazaka zambiri. Mtsinje womwe umachoka pamunsi unapezeka kuti uli ndi 5,464 ppt ya ziphezo pomwe madzi apansi amapezeka ndi 171,000 ppt. Kuwonongeka kwa nthaka, madzi apamtunda, ndi madzi apansi panthaka anali pafupifupi onse kuchokera ku PFOS, mwina ndi mitundu yoopsa kwambiri ya PFAS. Dipatimenti Yachilengedwe ya Wisconsin imati thanzi laumunthu limakhala pachiwopsezo pomwe madzi akumtunda amaposa 2 ppt ya PFOS, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa PFOS mu nsomba. Ambiri amati malire amadzi apansi panthaka amakhala 20 ppt, ngakhale si Maryland.
