Wolemba Alice Slater, Juni 17, 2020
kuchokera Nkhani ya InDepth
La Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) tangotulutsa zake Buku Lapachaka la 2020, kupereka lipoti la zomwe apanga zida, zida, komanso chitetezo chamayiko. Poganizira za nkhani yowopsa yakulimbana pakati pa mayiko okhala ndi zida za zida za nyukiliya yomwe ikulamulira mphamvu, SIPRI imalongosola malingaliro oyipa okhudza zida. Ikuwonetsa zida zamakono za zida za zida za nyukiliya komanso kukonza zida zatsopano, zida zam'mlengalenga zopita patsogolo, popanda cheke kapena zowongolera, komanso kuwonjezeka kwakukhumudwitsidwa pakukangana pamodzi ndi kusokonekera msanga mu machitidwe ndi kuthekera kwa mgwirizano ndi kuwunika pakati pa mphamvu zazikulu.
Zonsezi zikuchitika motsutsana ndi chiyambi cha mliri wazaka zana limodzi, komanso kufalikira kwamtundu uliwonse wotsutsa tsankho. Zikuwoneka kuti anthu, osati ku America kokha, mtima wosankhana mitundu ndi nkhanza za apolisi kwa omwe kale anali akapolo omwe amabwera kudzikolo kuti awamangire chifukwa chokana ku Africa, koma anthu padziko lonse lapansi, akutsutsa njira zachiwawa komanso zosankhana mitundu za apolisi apakhomo, omwe cholinga chawo ndikuteteza anthu, osati kuwopseza, kuvulaza ndi kuwapha!
Tikamayamba kunena zoona komanso kufunafuna njira zokonzera kuti tsankho lithe, ndi bwino kukumbukira Kulankhula kwa a Martin Luther King mu 1967, [i] pomwe adagwirizana ndi gulu la anthu achifundo, mofanananso ndi momwe olimbikitsira dziko lapansi masiku ano akufunsidwa ndi bungwe kuti "liwonongere pansi" osapempha "kubweza apolisi" ngati oyambitsa zosafunikira.
Ngakhale kuvomereza kuti kupita patsogolo kwachitika mu ufulu wachibadwidwe, King adatipempha kuti tikambirane "Zinthu zitatu zazikulu zoyipa - kusankhana mitundu, zoyipa za umphawi ndi zoyipa zankhondo" ku zovuta zakukhazikitsidwa. Ananenanso kuti kupita patsogolo pothana ndi ufulu wachibadwidwe mu "kugwedeza gulu lonse la magawano" sikuyenera "kutichititsa kukhala ndi chiyembekezo chapamwamba kwambiri."
Analimbikitsa kuti tiyeneranso kuthana ndi "zoyipa za umphawi" kwa anthu 40 miliyoni ku United States, "ena mwa iwo ndi azungu aku Mexico, Amwenye, Puerto Ricans, azungu a Appalachian ... ambiri ... Negroes". Munthawi ino yamatendawa ziwonetsero zowerengeka zokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa anthu akuda, bulauni, ndi osauka omwe adamwalira miyezi ingapo yapitayi, zikutsimikizira momveka bwino zomwe King anali kunena.
Pomaliza, adanenanso za "zoyipa zankhondo" nati "njira zina zitatu zoyipa izi ndizomangika pamodzi. Zinthu zitatu zotsutsa kusankhana mitundu, kugwiritsa ntchito zachuma komanso zankhondo zikusonyeza kuti "vuto lalikulu lomwe anthu akukumana nalo masiku ano ndikuthana ndi nkhondo."
Tikudziwa lero kuti vuto lalikulu kwambiri lomwe likukumana ndi dziko lathuli ndi nkhondo ya zida za nyukiliya kapena kusintha kwanyengo. Amayi Earth akutipatsa nthawi yoti atuluke, potitumizira tonse mzipinda zathu kuti tilingalire momwe tingapewere zoyipa zitatu zomwe Mfumu idatichenjeza.
Mpikisano wothamangitsa zida womwe SIPRI ikuyimira, uyenera kuyimitsidwa pomwe tikuimitsa tsankho ndikumaliza ntchito yomwe idayamba ndi King yomwe idathetsa kusamvana pamilandu koma ikusungidwa machitidwe oyipa omwe akukonzedwa tsopano. Tiyenera kuthana ndi zoyipa zina zomwe zikuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito zachuma ndikuyamba kunena zoona zokhuza kuthana ndi zida kuti tikathetse nkhondo. Ndani akupangitsa mpikisano wa zida? Zimanenedwa bwanji?
Mwachitsanzo, pofotokoza za kuthawa ndi nkhani yaposachedwa yolembedwa ndi Kazembe wakale wa Thomas Graham:
United States idatenga kudzipereka kumeneku [kukambirana ndi Comprehensive Test Ban Thery] mozama. Linakhazikitsa kale kuyesa kwa zida za nyukiliya mu 1992, ndikupangitsa mayiko ambiri kuchita zomwezo, mokhazikika kuyambitsa kusayeruzika kwapadziko lonse pa kuyesa zida zanyukiliya kuyambira mu 1993. Msonkhano wokambirana ku Geneva anagwirizana ndi CTBT mkati mwa chaka chimodzi.
Apa kazembe Graham ananenetsa United States molakwika kuti walephera ndikuvomereza kuti inali Soviet Union, osati United States, yomwe idayambitsa kukhazikitsa kuyesa kwa zida za nyukiliya pansi pa Gorbachev mu 1989, pomwe a Kazakhs, motsogozedwa ndi wolemba ndakatulo wa Kazakh Olzas Suleimenov, adagubira malo oyeserera a Soviet ku Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan akuwonetsa kuyeserera kwapansi panthaka komwe kumayambira mlengalenga ndikupangitsa kuchuluka kwazovuta zakubereka, kusintha masinthidwe, khansa kwa anthu okhala kumeneko.
Poyankha atasiya kuyesa ku Soviet Union, Congress, yomwe idakana kufanana ndi Soviet yomwe ikunena kuti sitingakhulupirire a Russia, pamapeto pake idagwirizana ndi kuyimitsidwa kwa US pambuyo pa Lawyers Alliance for Nuclear Arms Control (LANAC)) adapeza ndalama zankhaninkhani motsogozedwa ndi Adrian Bill DeWind, yemwe anayambitsa LANAC ndi Purezidenti wa NYC Bar Association, kuti akalembetse gulu la akatswiri azisayansi, ndipo adapita ku Russia komwe Soviet adavomereza kulola timuyo kuti iwunikire malo oyesera a Soviet ku Semipalatinsk. Kukhala kwathu ndi akatswiri azam'madzi pamalo oyesera a Soviet kudathetsa kukana kwa Congress.
Pambuyo pa kuimitsidwa, a CTBT adakambirana ndikusainidwa ndi Clinton ku 1992 koma zidabwera ndi mgwirizano wa Faustian ndi Congress kuti ipatse zida zankhondo zopitilira madola sikisi biliyoni pachaka kuti "zithandizire kusunga" zomwe zimaphatikizapo kuyesa zida za nyukiliya pamakompyuta mayeso, pomwe US idaphulitsa plutonium ndi zophulika zazikulu, 1,000 mapazi pansi pa chipululu kumtunda wopatulika wa Western Shoshone pamalo oyeserera a Nevada.
Koma chifukwa mayeserowa sanayambitse mayendedwe, Clinton adati siyoyesa nyukiliya! Posachedwa ku 2020, komwe chilankhulochi chasokonezedwa ndi gulu lankhondo "kulamulira" kuti afotokozere zoletsa osati mayeso a zida za nyukiliya koma mayeso a "zida" za nyukiliya-ngati mayeso ambiri ovuta omwe tikuphulitsa plutonium ndi mankhwala "saphulika".
Zachidziwikire, anthu a ku Russia adatsata, monga momwe amakhalira nthawi zonse, pochita mayeso awo ovuta ku Novalya Zemlya! Ndipo kuyesa kopitilira muyeso komanso kuyesera kwa labu inali chifukwa chomwe India adaperekera osagwirizana ndi CTBT ndikutuluka moyenera poyesa miyezi ingapo atasaina, mwachangu akutsatiridwa ndi Pakistan, osafuna kusiyidwa m'mbuyo mu mpikisano wamatekinoloje kuti apitirize kupanga ndi kuyesa zida za nyukiliya. Ndipo kotero, zidapita, ndikupita! Ndipo manambala a SIPRI amakula!
Nthawi yonena zowona zokhudzana ndi ubale wa US-Russia komanso kuphatikizana kwa US pakuyendetsa mpikisano wa zida zankhondo za nyukiliya ngati titasinthanso komanso mpikisano wothana ndi malo. Mwina, polimbana ndi zoyipazi zitatu, titha kukwaniritsa maloto a King komanso cholinga chomwe bungwe la United Nations lingathe, kuti kuthetse mliri wankhondo! Osachepera, tikuyenera kulimbikitsa kuyitanitsa kwa Secretary-General wa UN António Guterres kuti a moto wapadziko lonse pomwe dziko lathu limapemphera ku Amayi Earth ndikulankhula za mliri wakuphawu.
Alice Slater akutumikira ku Board of World Beyond War, ndipo ikuyimira Nuclear Age Peace Foundation ku United Nations.
