UK Sanaphulitse Iraq kapena Syria Kuyambira Seputembala watha. Chimapereka Chiyani?

Wolemba Darius Shahtahmasebi, Marichi 25, 2020

kuchokera Mint Press News

Kutengapo gawo kwa UK pankhondo yotsogozedwa ndi US yolimbana ndi ISIS ku Iraq ndi Syria kwachepa pang'onopang'ono m'miyezi ingapo yapitayo. Ziwerengero zovomerezeka zikuwonetsa kuti UK sichinagwe bomba limodzi ngati gawo la kampeni iyi kuyambira Seputembala chaka chatha.

Komabe, kumene mabomba amenewo avulaza kwambiri anthu wamba sikudziwikabe, ngakhale ena mwa malowa atafufuzidwa. Malingana ndi deta, mabomba ndi mizinga ya 4,215 inatulutsidwa kuchokera ku Reaper drones kapena ndege za RAF ku Syria ndi Iraq pazaka zisanu. Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa zida zankhondo komanso nthawi yayitali yomwe zidatumizidwa, UK idavomereza kuti munthu m'modzi wavulala pankhondo yonseyi.

Nkhani yaku UK imatsutsidwa mwachindunji ndi magwero ambiri, kuphatikiza mnzake wapanthawi yankhondo, United States. Mgwirizano wotsogozedwa ndi US wati kuwukira kwawo kwachititsa kuti anthu 1,370 afa, ndipo zonenedwa momveka bwino lili ndi umboni wodalirika wosonyeza kuti anthu wamba aphedwa chifukwa cha mabomba ophulitsa mabomba a RAF.

Unduna wa Zachitetezo ku Britain (MOD) sunapiteko patsamba limodzi ku Iraq kapena Syria kuti ukafufuze zomwe zanenedwa zakupha anthu wamba. M'malo mwake, mgwirizanowu umadalira kwambiri zojambula zam'mlengalenga kuti zitsimikizire ngati anthu wamba aphedwa, ngakhale akudziwa kuti zithunzi zapamlengalenga sizingathe kuzindikira anthu wamba omwe akwiriridwa pansi pa zinyalala. Izi zalola bungwe la MOD kuganiza kuti lawunikanso umboni wonse womwe ulipo koma "sanawone chilichonse chomwe chikuwonetsa kuti anthu wamba avulala."

Kufa kwa anthu wamba ku UK: zomwe tikudziwa mpaka pano

Pali ndege zosachepera zitatu za RAF zomwe zatsatiridwa ndi Airwars, bungwe lopanda phindu ku UK lomwe limayang'anira nkhondo yamlengalenga yolimbana ndi ISIS, makamaka ku Iraq ndi Syria. Imodzi mwamasamba ku Mosul, Iraq, idachezeredwa ndi BBC mu 2018 atazindikira kuti mwina anthu wamba avulala. Pambuyo pa kafukufukuyu, a US adavomereza kuti anthu awiri "aphedwa mwangozi."

Pamalo ena ophulitsidwa ndi mabomba aku Britain ku Raqqa, Syria, asitikali aku US adavomereza kuti anthu wamba 12 "aphedwa mwangozi" ndipo asanu ndi mmodzi "avulala mwangozi" chifukwa cha kuphulikako. UK sanapereke chilolezo chotere.

Ngakhale chitsimikiziro chochokera kwa otsogola amgwirizanowu, UK yakanabe kuti umboni womwe ulipo sunawonetse kuvulazidwa kwa anthu wamba chifukwa cha ma drones ake okolola kapena ma jets a RAF. UK yaumirira kuti ikufuna "umboni wovuta" womwe ndi umboni wokulirapo kuposa waku United States.

"Ngakhale sitikudziwa zamilandu inayi yaku UK kupitilira zinayi mwatsatanetsatane [kuphatikiza zomwe zidatsimikizika zaku UK]," Chris Woods, director of Airwars adauza. MintPressNews kudzera pa imelo, "tachenjeza a MoD za zochitika zopitilira 100 zovulaza anthu wamba ku UK m'zaka zaposachedwa. Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri sananyanyaleko ntchito za RAF, tida nkhawa ndi milandu ina yambiri.

Woods adawonjezeranso kuti:

Kafukufuku wathu akuwonetsa kuti UK ikupitilizabe kudzipatula pakufa kwa anthu wamba chifukwa cha zigawenga za RAF - ngakhale pomwe Mgwirizano wotsogozedwa ndi US ukuwona kuti izi ndi zodalirika. M'malo mwake, Unduna wa Zachitetezo wakhazikitsa njira yofufuzira kwambiri kotero kuti sikutheka kuti iwo avomereze ovulala. Kulephera mwadongosolo kumeneku ndikulakwa kwakukulu kwa ma Iraqi ndi Asiriya omwe adalipira mtengo womaliza pankhondo yolimbana ndi ISIS. "

Mfundo yakuti mabomba a UK anali akugwira ntchito ku Mosul amalankhula zambiri za momwe chinyengo ichi chikuyambira. Pomwe mgwirizano wotsogozedwa ndi US udachepetsa kufa ku Mosul (ndipo nthawi zambiri amawaimba mlandu wa ISIS), wapadera. Ripoti la AP anapeza kuti pa ulendo wotsogozedwa ndi United States, anthu wamba 9,000 mpaka 11,000 anafa, pafupifupi kuŵirikiza kakhumi kuposa zimene zinanenedwa kale m’manyuzipepala. Chiwerengero cha anthu omwe anafa omwe anapezeka ndi AP chidakali chokhazikika, chifukwa sichinaganizire za akufa omwe adakwiriridwa pansi pa zinyalala.

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Kukhalapo kwa US, UK kapena asitikali amgwirizano, ogwira ntchito, ma jets kapena ma drones m'dera la Syria ndi zokayikitsa konse, komanso kuphwanya malamulo koipitsitsa. Momwe dziko la UK likuvomerezera mwalamulo kukhalapo kwawo kwankhondo m'dziko lodzilamulira sizikudziwikabe, koma ponena za Purezidenti wa Syria, asilikali onse akunja osaitanidwa ndi boma alanda dziko.

Nyimbo zotayikira za mlembi wa boma a John Kerry adatsimikizira kuti US ikudziwa kuti kupezeka kwawo ku Syria kunali koletsedwa, komabe mpaka lero palibe chomwe chachitika kuti athane ndi izi. Polankhula ndi mamembala otsutsa aku Syria pamsonkhano ku Dutch Mission ku UN, Kerry anati:

…Ndipo tilibe maziko – maloya athu amatiuza - pokhapokha titakhala ndi Chigamulo cha UN Security Council, chomwe anthu aku Russia atha kuvomera, ndi achi China, kapena pokhapokha titagwidwa ndi anthu kumeneko, kapena pokhapokha titaitanidwa. Russia ikuyitanidwa ndi boma lovomerezeka - chabwino ndizosaloledwa m'malingaliro athu - koma ndi boma. Ndipo kotero iwo anaitanidwa kuti alowe ndipo ife sitinaitanidwe kuti tilowe. Ife tikuwulukira mu ndege kumeneko kumene iwo akhoza kuyatsa chitetezo cha mpweya ndipo ife tikanakhala ndi zochitika zosiyana kwambiri. Chifukwa chokha chomwe amatilola kuwuluka ndichifukwa tikutsatira ISIL. Ngati tikadatsatira Assad, chitetezo chamlengalenga, tikadayenera kuchotsa chitetezo chonse chamlengalenga, ndipo tiribe kulungamitsidwa mwalamulo, kunena zoona, pokhapokha titatambasula mopitirira lamulo.” [kutsindika kwawonjezera]

Ngakhale kulowa kwa US-UK ku Syria kungakhale koyenera pazifukwa zovomerezeka, zotsatira za kampeniyi sizinali zachiwembu. Mkatikati mwa 2018, Amnesty International adatulutsa lipoti lomwe lidafotokoza za chiwembucho ngati "nkhondo yowononga" motsogozedwa ndi US, atayendera malo 42 omenyera ndege ankhondo kudutsa mzinda wa Raqqa.

Ziwerengero zodalirika zowononga zomwe zidachitika ku Raqqa zikuwonetsa kuti US idasiya osachepera 80 peresenti yazomwe sizikhalamo. Mmodzi ayeneranso kukumbukira kuti pa chiwonongeko ichi, US anadula a mgwirizano wachinsinsi ndi "mazana" a omenyana ndi ISIS ndi mabanja awo kuti achoke ku Raqqa akuyang'anitsitsa "mgwirizano wotsogoleredwa ndi US ndi Britain ndi asilikali otsogoleredwa ndi Kurdish omwe amayang'anira mzindawo."

Monga tafotokozera MintPressNews ndi David Swanson wotsutsa nkhondo:

Kulungamitsidwa kwalamulo kwa nkhondo ku Syria kwakhala kosiyanasiyana, sikunamveke bwino, sikunakhaleko kokhutiritsa pang'ono, koma kwayang'ana kwambiri kuti nkhondoyo sinkhondo kwenikweni. Zachidziwikire ndikuphwanya Charter ya UN, Kellogg-Briand Pact, ndi malamulo aku Syria. "

Swanson anawonjezera kuti:

Ndi anthu okha amene anangopunthwa kapena kumenyedwa mokwanira kuti avomereze kuti mukhoza kuphulitsa dziko osati kupha anthu wamba amene angavomereze kuti kutero n’kololedwa.”

Ndi pati potsatira asitikali aku UK?

Ndi chiwopsezo chopitilira, chomwe chikupitilira chifukwa cha COVID-19, Brexit, komanso mavuto azachuma pagulu komanso azachuma, UK ikuwoneka kuti ili ndi zokwanira pazakudya zake zamkati pakadali pano. Komabe, ngakhale pansi pa utsogoleri wa David Cameron - a nduna yayikulu amene amakhulupirira kuti njira zake zowonongeka zinali zofewa kwambiri - UK adapezabe zothandizira ndi ndalama akufunika kuphulitsa Libya kumbuyo tp Stone Age mu 2011.

The UK nthawi zonse idzapeza chifukwa chotsatira US kunkhondo kutengera tanthauzo la geopolitical bwalo lankhondo. Monga wanzeru wapagulu komanso pulofesa wa MIT Noam Chomsky adafotokozera Chizindikiro kudzera pa imelo "Brexit ipangitsa kuti Britain ikhale yankhondo yaku US kuposa momwe idakhalira posachedwapa." Komabe, Chomsky adanenanso kuti "zambiri sizikudziwikiratu munthawi zovuta zino" ndipo adawonetsa kuti UK idakhala ndi mwayi wapadera wotengera zomwe zidzachitike pambuyo pa Brexit.

Swanson adabwerezanso nkhawa za Chomsky, ndikulangiza kuti nkhondo motsogozedwa ndi Boris Johnson ikuwoneka ngati yochulukirapo, yocheperako. "Pali lamulo lalikulu lazamakampani," a Swanson adalongosola, "Musadzudzule munthu yemwe ali ndi tsankho lapano popanda kulemekeza wakale. Chifukwa chake, tikuwona Boris kufananizidwa ndi Winston [Churchill].

Zomwe zikutheka ndikuti UK itsatira chiphunzitso chaposachedwa cha US cholengeza Indo-Pacific kuti ndi "bwalo lamasewera" ndikuthetsa nkhondo zake ku Middle East ndi kwina kulikonse.

Kumapeto kwa 2018, a UK adalengeza idakhazikitsa oyimira akazembe ku Lesotho, Swaziland, Bahamas, Antigua ndi Barbuda, Grenada, St Vincent ndi Grenadines, Samoa Tonga ndi Vanuatu. Ndi kuyimira kwake komwe kulipo ku Fiji, Solomon Islands ndi Papua New Guinea (PNG), UK idzakhala yabwinoko kuposa US m'derali.

Kumayambiriro kwa chaka chino, UK nayenso anatsegula ntchito yake yatsopano ku Association of Southeast Asia Nations (ASEAN) ku Jakarta, Indonesia. Kuphatikiza apo, UK National Security Capability Review idanenanso kuti "dera la Asia-Pacific liyenera kukhala lofunikira kwambiri kwa ife m'zaka zikubwerazi", kufotokoza malingaliro ofanana ndi a MOD's. Kulimbikitsa, Kusintha Kwamakono & Kusintha Chitetezo pepala losindikizidwa mu December 2018.

Mu 2018, izo mwakachetechete zombo zankhondo kuderali kwa nthawi yoyamba m'zaka zisanu. UK yapitilizanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse ndi asitikali aku Malaysian ndi Singapore ndikusungabe gulu lankhondo ku Brunei komanso malo ochitira zinthu ku Singapore. Palinso zokambirana kuti UK idzafuna kumanga maziko atsopano m'derali.

Mfundo yakuti sitima yankhondo yapamadzi yachifumu inatsutsidwa mu Nyanja ya South China ndi asitikali aku China ayenera kupereka lingaliro la komwe zonsezi zikupita.

Pamene kukwera kwa China m'derali kumabweretsa mavuto ambiri ku US-NATO kukhazikitsidwa kuposa Iraq ndi Syria posachedwapa, tiyenera kuyembekezera kuti UK idzapatutsa zambiri zankhondo zake ndikuyang'ana dera lino pofuna kuthana ndi nkhondo. kulimbana ndi China panjira iliyonse yomwe ingatheke.

Dariyo Shahtahmasebi ndi katswiri wazamalamulo ndi ndale wochokera ku New Zealand yemwe amayang'ana kwambiri mfundo zakunja za US ku Middle East, Asia ndi Pacific. Iye ali woyenerera mokwanira kukhala loya m'magawo awiri apadziko lonse lapansi.