Njira Ya Settler-Colonial: Militarization of Diplomacy, Enforlement Enforlement, Jail, Prisons ndi Border

Wolemba Ann Wright, Novembala 15, 2019

Mbiri yakubwera kwa atsamunda ku United States sikukambidwa ndi iwo omwe ali m'boma la US. Komabe, mu lexicon of American maphunziro, kukhazikika kwa atsamunda ndi mutu wankhani, makamaka kwa olemba mbiri yakale omwe akukhala ku Hawai'i.

Kuchita kwa United States pankhondo zazitali kwachulukitsa magulu ankhondo aku US. Zoyimira mayiko ku US zakhala zankhondo mofanana ndi mabungwe oyang'anira zamalamulo, ndende, ndi ndende. Kulimbana ndi nkhondo kumalimbikitsa nkhanza za mafuko ndi amai padziko lonse lapansi pomwe zimaika pachiwopsezo nkhondo zomwe akutsogolera azikhalidwe zolowera kunyanja ya Pacific.

Ndinali mgulu lankhondo laku US Army / Army Reserves kwa zaka 29 ndipo ndidapuma pantchito ngati Colonel. Ndinali kazembe wa US kwa zaka 16 ndipo ndinatumikira akazembe aku US ku Nicaragua, Grenada, Somalia, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Sierra Leone, Micronesia, Afghanistan ndi Mongolia. Ndinali mgulu laling'ono la akazitape ku US lomwe linatsegulanso ofesi ya kazembe wa US ku Kabul, Afghanistan mu Disembala 2001. Ndidasiya ntchito ku US, boma mu Marichi 2003 motsutsana ndi nkhondo yaku US ku Iraq.

Ndawona koyambirira momwe maukadaulo waku US, ubale wadziko lathu ndi maiko ena, ukugwirira ntchito yankhondo. Zoyankhulira ku US ndizokambirana za dziko lokhalanso ndi atsamunda kuyambira pachiyambi cha mbiri yawo ndikusamutsidwa kwa nzika zakumidzi zochokera kummawa kupita Kumadzulo Coasts kuchokera Kumpoto kupita Kumwera pomwe nzika zaku Europe zidasamukira ku North America.

Anthu olanda malo okhala ku US omwe akupitilirabe kutsata anapitilizabe kugula malo, kulanda, ndi kuba malo kudzera mu mphotho zankhondo kuti apeze mayiko ena aku Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, US Virgin Islands, Northern Marianas ndi nyengo zosiyanasiyana Philippines, Cuba, Nicaragua. Zachisoni, makhazikitsidwe asitikali ankhondo aku US adatchulidwanso asitikali ankhondo omwe adathandizira kutenga madera Achimwenye mokakamiza- Fort Knox, Fort Bragg, Fort Steward, Fort Sill, Fort Polk, Fort Jackson.

“Gulu Lankhondo” Lankhondo la US

Asitikali aku US ali ndi bungwe lalikulu la "zokambirana zamthunzi" lomwe mamembala ake ali mgulu lililonse lazankhondo lomwe lili pamwamba pa Brigade. Amagwira ntchito ku J5 kapena kuofesi zandale / zankhondo / maofesi apadziko lonse lapansi pamalamulo asanu ogwirizana ankhondo aku US. Ofesi iliyonse ya J5 idzakhala ndi oyang'anira ankhondo 10-15 omwe ali ndi digiri ya Master pamipingo yandale, maphunziro am'madera ndi zilankhulo za dera lawo.

Limodzi mwa malamulowa ndi lamulo la Indo-Pacific, lomwe lili ku Honolulu, Hawaii. Lamulo la Indo-Pacific limakhudza Pacific ndi Asia kumadzulo kwa Hawaii mpaka India - mayiko 36, kuphatikiza anthu awiri akulu kwambiri padziko lapansi-India ndi China. Ikufotokoza theka la anthu padziko lapansi ndi 52% yapadziko lapansi ndi 5 yamapangano achitetezo achitetezo aku US.

"Akazitape" ankhondo ophunzitsidwa mwapaderawa amatchedwa Akatswiri Omenyera Kunja. Sikuti amangokhala ndi maudindo m'malamulo akulu ankhondo, amapezeka pafupifupi kazembe aliyense waku US mdziko lililonse. Kuphatikiza apo, akatswiri ankhondo apadziko lonse lapansi amapatsidwa mabungwe ena aboma, kuphatikiza National Security Council, State department, National Security Agency, Central Intelligence Agency, Treasury department, Homeland Security. Alinso ndi magawo ndi mayunivesite, mabungwe ndi mabungwe apadziko lonse kuphatikiza United Nations. Maofesala Akumayiko akunja amapatsidwa maudindo oti azilumikizana ndi ankhondo akumayiko ena.

Ena akuyerekeza kuti gulu lankhondo la US lili ndi akatswiri ochulukirapo a Area Area kuposa US department of State ali ndi akazitape aku US. Amayambitsa mfundo zaku US pa kugulitsa zida, kuphunzitsa ankhondo akumayiko ambiri, kulembedwa kwa mayiko kuti alowe nawo "m'magulu odzipereka" pazomwe aliyense akuchita asitikali aku US akuganiza zokhazikitsa ngati ndi nkhondo ya Afghanistan popewa mayiko a NATO, nkhondo pa Iraq, zomwe zikuchitika motsutsana ndi Libya, boma la Syria, ISIS ndi opha anthu opha anthu aku Afghanistan, Yemen, Somalia, Mali, Niger.

800 US US Makala a Asitikali Akumaiko Ena

US ili ndi malo okhala ankhondo a 800 m'maiko a anthu ena, ambiri omwe akhala zaka zoposa 75 kuyambira kumapeto kwa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse kuphatikiza 174 ku Germany, 113 ku Japan (makamaka pachilumba chodzala ndi Okinawa, Rykuyuu Kingdom) ndi 83 ku South Korea.

Kuno m'dziko la Kingdom of Hawai'i lolandidwa, pali magulu asanu asitikali ankhondo aku US ku Oah'u. Pohakuloa pachilumba chachikulu cha Hawai'i ndiye nkhondo yayikulu kwambiri yankhondo yaku US ku US. Pacific Missile Range ku Kauai ndi malo opangira zida zankhondo za Aegis ndi THAAD. Malo akuluakulu amakompyuta ankhondo ali ku Maui. Chifukwa chofuna kuchita nzika, zaka 50 zophulitsa bomba pachilumba cha Ko'olawee zatha. Mphepete mwa Pacific kapena RIMPAC, zida zankhondo zazikulu kwambiri zapadziko lonse lapansi, zimachitika m'madzi aku Hawaii chaka chilichonse ndi mayiko opitilira 30, zombo 50, ndege 250 ndi asitikali 25,000.

Pachilumba cha Guam ku United States, US ili ndi magulu atatu ankhondo ndipo kutumizidwa kwaposachedwa kwa US Marines ku Guam kwachulukitsa anthu pachilumbachi ndi 30 peresenti popanda kuwonjezeka kwa zomangamanga kuti athe kuwonjezeka mwachangu. Nzika zikutsutsana ndi bomba lomwe asitikali aku US aphulitsa pachilumba cha Tinian.

Nzika zaku Okinawa zidatsutsa mwamphamvu kumanga kwa asitikali ankhondo aku US kulowa Oura Bay komwe kwawononga ma coral komanso moyo wapamadzi.

Nzika za pachilumba cha Jeju, South Korea zatsutsa zomanga malo akuluakulu apamadzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi US Navy, kutumizidwa kwa zida zankhondo za THAAD ku South Korea kwapangitsa kuti nzika zambiri zitsutse. Gulu lalikulu kwambiri lankhondo laku US kunja kwa US ndi Camp Humphries ku South Korea yomwe idamangidwa ngakhale ziwonetsero zazikulu nzika.

Militarization of Law Enforlement agents

Sikuti asitikali aku US amangokhala m'malo azikhalidwe, koma kukhazikitsa nkhondo zikuluzikulu kumatenga chidwi ndi gulu lathu. Apolisi apanyumba asintha maphunziro awo. Asitikali aku US apereka kwa apolisi akomwe zida zochulukirapo zankhondo monga onyamula anthu onyamula zida, makina omvera, zisoti, mavesti, mfuti.

Malamulo ankhondo okhudzana ndiukadaulo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi apolisi ambiri polowa m'nyumba, kufikira anthu omwe akuganiziridwa kuti ndi achifwamba, kuwombera koyamba ndikufunsa mafunso pambuyo pake. Tsopano ndichizolowezi kutsatira kuwombera kwa apolisi munthu wopanda zida, kuti afunse ngati wapolisi anali m'gulu lankhondo laku US, liti, pati, ndi masiku ati omwe anali kunkhondo chifukwa wapolisi mwina adagwiritsa ntchito malamulo achitetezo m'malo mwa malamulo apolisi omwe amawombera anthu opanda zida.

Udindo wokondera umaperekedwa kwa omenyera nkhondo omwe amapempha kuti akhale apolisi, ngakhale apolisi atawombera anthu wamba opanda zida monga zimachitika pafupipafupi polumikizana ndi asitikali, mabungwe ambiri apolisi amafunikira kuyesedwa kwamaganizidwe kwa omenyera ufulu wawo pantchito. Wachikulire yemwe ali ndi nkhawa pambuyo povulala (PTS) makamaka makamaka omwe amalandila chithandizo cha PTS kuchokera ku Veterans Administration ayenera kuchotsedwa pantchito yophunzitsidwa apolisi chifukwa chazovuta zamaganizidwe ndi malingaliro.

Kugwirira ntchito kwa asitikali aku ndende ku Afghanistan, Iraq, Guantanamo ndi malo akuda ku Europe, South East Asia ndi madera omwe sanadziwikebe kwa anthu kwadzetsa ndende zaku US njira yopita kunkhondo kwa akaidi, makamaka omwe ali mndende omwe akuchita izi molakwika chifukwa cha ndende komanso kulangidwa kundende.

Ufulu wachibadwidwe wa anthu omwe amangidwa ndi asitikali aku US ku ndende yankhondo yaku US ku Abu Ghraib, Iraq ndi Bagram, Afghanistan komanso ndende zomwe zikugwirabe ntchito ku ndende zankhondo zaku US ku Guantanamo, Cuba ndizofotokozedwanso mndende za anthu wamba ku US

Kuyang'anira Maboma a County

Ndimagwira ntchito ndi bungwe lotchedwa Texas Jail Project lomwe ndi gulu loteteza anthu wamba lomwe limathandiza mabanja a anthu omwe ali mndende m'maboma a 281 ku Texas. The Texas Jail Project idapangidwa pomwe mnzake, womenyera ufulu wazachilengedwe, adamangidwa masiku 120 ku Victoria County, Texas m'ndende chifukwa chodziwitsa za 30 wazaka zapulasitiki zotayidwa tsiku lililonse ndi kampani yamagulu ku Alamo Bay komwe anali msodzi. Pambuyo pa ziwonetsero zapanjira, njala idagwa, kulembera akonzi, kuti awonetsetse za kuwonongeka kwa madzi, adaganiza zoyesa kudziwitsa za kuipitsako pakukwera nsanja yayikulu pamalo opangira mankhwalawo ndikudzimangirira kumtunda kwa nsanjayo, mamita 150 kuchoka pansi. Anapezeka olakwa ndipo anaweruzidwa kuti akhale m'ndende masiku 120.

Ali mndende, adalemba momwe zinthu zilili mundende ndikuganiza kuti adzagwira ntchito yosintha ndendeyo atatuluka. Ife monga abwenzi ake tagwira ntchito kuti tifufuze nkhani zowopsa zakuchitikira akaidi, zowawa mkati mwa ndende kuphatikiza chithandizo ya kusokonezeka kwamaganizidwe ndi azimayi apakati. Texas Jail Project idayamba kupezeka pamsonkhano wapatatu wa Texas Jail Commission, amodzi mwamagulu ochepa omwe adakhalapo pamisonkhano ya board yomwe imakhazikitsa mfundo ndikulamula kuti afufuzidwe. Ntchitoyi idatsogolera kukakamizidwa kwa nyumba yamalamulo yaku Texas State kuti ipereke lamulo loti mayi wobereka asamamangiridwe pakabedi kuchipatala akabereka. Texas Jail Project imapatsanso mwezi uliwonse "Hell Hole of the Month" ku ndende ina yomwe ili ndi mbiri yozunza akaidi.

Ndende za ku Texas zili ndi miyezo yapamwamba kwambiri yakumwalira kwa akaidi podzipha kapena kudzipha. Monga alonda ambiri amndende omwe kale anali asirikali, Texas Jail Project imakumbutsa mabanja omwe achitiridwa nkhanza m'ndende kuti afunse mwachangu zakomwe gulu lankhondo likufunsa ngati alonda anali asitikali aku US makamaka ngati anali kunkhondo kapena anali alonda Ndende zankhondo zaku US kapena CIA ku Afghanistan, Iraq kapena Cuba. Ngati olondera ndende aliwonse adagwirapo ntchito m'ndende zaku US m'maiko amenewo, ndiye kuti malingaliro oti olondera omwe adagwiritsa ntchito ndende zaku US mwina adapititsidwa kundende za anthu wamba ndi ndende ku US

Asitikali ankhondo aku US alandila mwayi wopempha kuti awapatse udindo woyang'anira anthu wamba kumaboma, maboma komanso mayiko. A Texas Jail Project amalimbikitsa omwe kale anali asitikali aku US omwe amafunsira apolisi aku Texas County ndi malo oyang'anira ndende kuti akayesedwe mwapadera pamaganizidwe kuti awone ngati ali ndi zotsalira za kupsinjika kwakanthawi kochokera kuzomwe zachitikira asitikali omwe atha kuzunzidwa kwa omwe ali mndende.

Settler-Colonel Nation Israel Amapereka Malangizo ku US Momwe Mungayesere Kuyendetsa Malo Ogwira Ntchito Mwambiri

Malingaliro a ankhondo a boma lathu la federali akuwonekeranso chifukwa cha momwe amasungidwira / malo ogwirira ndende pamalire a US-Mexico ndi malo osungirako anthu osamukasamuka m'maiko ambiri.

Gulu lankhondo lamalire aku US okhala ndi mipanda, ma drones oyang'anira ndi malo ofufuzira adatsatiridwa pambuyo pa dziko lina lokhalamo atsamunda-Israeli, lomwe lili ndi gulu lankhondo kwambiri padziko lapansi. Malangizo, zida ndi zida zaku Israeli zomwe agwiritsa ntchito ma Palestina ku West Bank ndi Gaza zagulidwa pafupifupi zochulukirapo ndi US, maboma ndi maboma am'deralo osati m'malo amalire okha komanso m'mizinda.

Opitilira apolisi a mumzinda wa 150 amatumiza apolisi ku Israeli kuti awone njira zomwe Aisraeli amagwiritsa ntchito "kuwongolera" anthu aku Palestina ku West Bank komanso nzika zaku Palestina zaku Israeli ku Israeli komweko. Apolisi aku US ndi othandizira aku federal akuwona momwe malire akumalire aku Israel agwirira panndende yaboma yomwe aboma aku Israeli adapanga kuti atseke Gaza pamtunda ndi panyanja. Akuluakulu aku US akuwona achifwamba aku Israeli akupha anthu aku Palestine kuchokera kuma berm pamalire ndikuwona mfuti zamakina zomwe zikuponyedwa ku Palestina.

Moyang'aniridwa ndi apolisi ndi asitikali aku US, ma Palestine aku 300 ku Gaza adaphedwa ndi achifwamba aku Israeli m'miyezi yapitayi ya 18 ndipo anthu aku Palestina aku 16,000 adavulazidwa ndi mfuti ya ku Israeli, ambiri akuwombera ndi zipolopolo zophulika m'miyendo kuti awonetsetse miyendo. adulidwenso, kuti pakhale zovuta kwa iye, banja lake komanso gulu.

US ngati Settler-Colonel Nation

US inali dziko lokhalamo atsamunda kuyambira pachiyambi cha mbiri yawo yolimbikitsidwa ndi zochitika zankhondo motsutsana ndi nzika zakomweko ku US komweko ndiye kuti akusamukira kudziko lina lokhalamo atsamunda mokakamizidwa komanso nkhondo.

Monga momwe tawonera posachedwa pankhondo za US ku Afghanistan ndi Iraq ndi Syria, njira yolowerera dziko lawo yolanda dziko mwamphamvu molanda mayiko ena ili ndi moyo ndipo ndiyabwino.

Mkati mwa US anthu okhala pandende zazikulu padziko lonse lapansi akupitilizidwa kuchita mantha ndi njira zankhondo zaku US ndipo osamukira kwawo ndi othawa kwawo ali ndi ufulu wawo waumunthu ndi wankhanza wobedwa ndi boma la United States.

Nthawi Yothetsa Njira Zosakhazikitsira Makolonu

Yapita nthawi kuti US ithetse njira zake zokomera anthu wamba kunyumba ndi kunja koma izi zidzachitika pokhapokha akuluakulu aboma, komanso nzika, akazindikira mbiri yakale ku US pazomwe akuchitazi komanso ali ndi cholinga choyesera Kusintha kuyanjana kwawo ndi madera achilengedwe.

Za Wolemba: Ann Wright adagwira zaka 29 ku US Army / Army Reserves ndikupuma pantchito ngati Colonel. Monga kazembe waku US, adakhala zaka 16 m'maofesi a kazembe aku US ku Nicaragua, Grenada, Somalia, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Sierra Leone, Federated States of Micronesia, Afghanistan ndi Mongolia. Anasiya boma la US ku 2003 motsutsana ndi nkhondo yaku Iraq. Ndiye wolemba mnzake wa "Wosatsutsa: Mawu a Chikumbumtima."