Mchitidwe Waposachedwa mu Kampeni ya Iran Nuclear Disinformation ya Israeli

Ndi Gareth Porter, May 3, 2018

kuchokera Nkhani za Consortium

Zomwe Prime Minister waku Israeli a Benjamin Netanyahu anena mu zisudzo zake Chiwonetsero cha mphindi 20 za kulandidwa kwa Israeli ku "nkhokwe ya atomiki" ya Iran ku Tehran ndithudi kukanakhala "kupambana kwakukulu kwanzeru" komwe adadzitamandira ngati kunachitikadi. Koma zonenazi sizikupitilirabe pakuwunika mosamala, ndipo kunena kwake kuti Israeli tsopano ali ndi mbiri yayikulu ya pulogalamu yachinsinsi ya zida zanyukiliya yaku Iran ndi yachinyengo.

Nkhani ya Netanyahu yokhudzana ndi zanzeru zaku Israeli ku Tehran zomwe zidatenga mafayilo apepala 55,000 ndi ma CD ena 55,000 kuchokera "malo obisika kwambiri" zimafuna kuti tivomereze malingaliro omwe ali osamveka pamaso pake: kuti opanga malamulo aku Iran adaganiza zosunga gulu lawo lankhondo lovuta kwambiri. zinsinsi mu kanyumba kakang'ono ka malata opanda chilichonse choteteza kutentha (kotero pafupifupi kuonetsetsa kuti deta yatayika pa ma CD mkati mwa zaka zingapo) ndipo palibe chizindikiro cha chitetezo chilichonse, kutengera chithunzi cha satana chomwe chikuwonetsedwa muzithunzithunzi. (Monga Steve Simon adawona in Nyuzipepala ya New York Times tchitsekocho sichinawonekere kukhala ndi loko.)

Kufotokozera koseketsa zoperekedwa ndi akuluakulu a Israeli ku The Telegraph Daily- kuti boma la Iran likuwopa kuti mafayilo angapezeke ndi oyendera mayiko ngati atakhala "pamalo akuluakulu" - amangosonyeza kunyozedwa kumene Netanyahu ali nako kwa maboma akumadzulo ndi atolankhani. Ngakhale Iran ikutsata zida za nyukiliya mobisa, mafayilo awo pamutuwu amasungidwa ku Unduna wa Zachitetezo, osati m'malo ankhondo. Ndipo zowona zomwe zikunenedwazo koma zosatheka kusamukira ku malo atsopano osatheka kudabwera pomwe Netanyahu amafunikira nkhani yatsopano kuti alimbikitse Trump kuti akane kukakamira mwamphamvu kwa ogwirizana nawo aku Europe pakusunga mgwirizano wa Joint Comprehensive Plan of Act (JCPOA) ndi Iran.

M'malo mwake, palibe nkhokwe yayikulu yamafayilo achinsinsi okhudza "Manhattan Project" yaku Iran. Mashelefu a zomangira zakuda ndi ma CD omwe Netanyahu adawulula ndikukula modabwitsa kuyambira 2003 (pambuyo pake US National Intelligence Estimate (NIE) idati Iran idasiya pulogalamu iliyonse ya zida za nyukiliya) ndipo idangokhala zongopeka ngati bomba lojambula. Netanyahu adagwiritsa ntchito ku United Nations mu 2012.

Kampeni ya Disinformation

Zonena za Netanyahu za momwe Israeli adapezera "nkhokwe ya atomiki" iyi ndi chiwonetsero chaposachedwa cha kampeni yanthawi yayitali yomwe boma la Israeli lidayamba kugwira ntchito mu 2002-03. Zolemba zomwe Netanyahu adazifotokoza m'chiwonetserochi zidadziwitsidwa kwa atolankhani komanso International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) kuyambira mu 2005 kuti zidachokera ku pulogalamu yachinsinsi yofufuza zida zanyukiliya yaku Iran. Kwa zaka zambiri atolankhani aku US akhala akuvomereza kuti zolembazo ndi zowona. Koma ngakhale atolankhani olimba adalumikizana kutsogolo kwa nkhaniyi, tsopano tikudziwa motsimikiza kuti zolemba zakalezo zinali zabodza komanso kuti zidapangidwa ndi Mossad ya Israeli.

Umboni umenewo wachinyengo umayamba ndi zomwe akuti zolembedwa zonsezo zinachokera. Akuluakulu azamalamulo m'boma la George W. Bush adauza atolankhani kuti zikalatazo zidachokera ku "kompyuta yabedwa yaku Iran", monga The New York Times inanena mu November 2005. The Times anagwira mawu akuluakulu a intelligence omwe sanatchulidwe kuti akuumirira kuti zolembazo sizinachokere ku gulu lotsutsa la Iran, zomwe zingakayikire kwambiri kudalirika kwawo.kampeni ya disinformation yomwe boma la Israeli linayamba kugwira ntchito mu 2002-03. Zolemba zomwe Netanyahu adazifotokoza m'chiwonetserochi zidadziwitsidwa kwa atolankhani komanso International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) kuyambira mu 2005 kuti zidachokera ku pulogalamu yachinsinsi yofufuza zida zanyukiliya yaku Iran. Kwa zaka zambiri atolankhani aku US akhala akuvomereza kuti zolembazo ndi zowona. Koma ngakhale atolankhani olimba adalumikizana kutsogolo kwa nkhaniyi, tsopano tikudziwa motsimikiza kuti zolemba zakalezo zinali zabodza komanso kuti zidapangidwa ndi Mossad ya Israeli.

Koma zidasintha kuti zitsimikizidwe zochokera kwa akuluakulu a intelligence zinali zina mwachinyengo. Nkhani yoyamba yodalirika ya njira yopita ku United States inabwera kokha mu 2013, pamene mkulu wakale wa ofesi ya kunja kwa Germany Karsten Voigt, yemwe adapuma pantchito monga wogwirizanitsa mgwirizano wa Germany-North America, adalankhula ndi wolemba izi. mbiri.

Voigt adakumbukira momwe akuluakulu aku Germany Foreign Intelligence Agency, a Bundesnachtrendeinst kapena BND, adamufotokozera mu November 2004 kuti amadziwa bwino zolemba za pulogalamu ya zida za nyukiliya za Iran, chifukwa nthawi ina - koma osati katswiri weniweni wanzeru - adawapatsa kale chaka chimenecho. Kuphatikiza apo, akuluakulu a BND adafotokoza kuti adawona gwero ngati "lokayikitsa," adakumbukira, chifukwa gwerolo linali la Mujahideen-E Khalq, gulu lotsutsa la Iran lomwe linamenya nkhondo ndi Iran m'malo mwa Iraq pazaka zisanu ndi zitatu zankhondo. .

Akuluakulu a BND anali ndi nkhawa kuti olamulira a Bush ayamba kutchula zikalatazo ngati umboni wotsutsana ndi Iran, chifukwa cha zomwe adakumana nazo ndi "Curveball" - injiniya waku Iraq ku Germany yemwe adauza nkhani za ma laboratory aku Iraq a bioweapons omwe adasanduka zabodza. Chifukwa cha msonkhano ndi akuluakulu a BND, Voigt adapereka kuyankhulana ku TheWall Street Journal  zomwe adatsutsana ndi chitsimikizo cha akuluakulu a intelligence aku US omwe sanatchulidwe Nthawi andipo adachenjeza kuti olamulira a Bush sayenera kuyika mfundo zake pazolemba zomwe akuyamba kutchula ngati umboni wa zida zanyukiliya zaku Iran, chifukwa adachokeradi ku "gulu losagwirizana ndi Iran."

Kugwiritsa ntchito MEK

Chikhumbo cha olamulira a Bush chofuna kuwongolera atolankhani omwe amati zikalata zaku Iran zaku Iran kutali ndi MEK ndizomveka: chowonadi chokhudza gawo la MEK chidzatsogolera ku Israeli nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa zinali zodziwika bwino, kuti bungwe lanzeru la Israel Mossad lidagwiritsa ntchito MEK kupanga. zidziwitso zapagulu zomwe a Israeli sanafune kuti zidziwike kwa iwo okha - kuphatikiza komwe kuli malo olemeretsa a Natanz ku Iran. Monga atolankhani aku Israeli a Yossi Melman ndi Meir Javadanfar adawonera m'mabuku awo Buku la 2007pa pulogalamu ya nyukiliya ya Iran, yochokera kwa akuluakulu aku US, Britain ndi Israeli, "Zidziwitso 'zimasefedwa' ku IAEA kudzera m'magulu otsutsa aku Iran, makamaka National Resistance Council of Iran."

Mossad adagwiritsa ntchito MEK mobwerezabwereza muzaka za m'ma 1990 ndi koyambirira kwa 2000 kuti IAEA iwunikenso malo aliwonse omwe Israeli akukayikira kuti mwina ndi okhudzana ndi zida za nyukiliya, kupangitsa makasitomala awo aku Iran kukhala ndi mbiri yoyipa kwambiri ku IAEA. Palibe amene amadziwa mbiri ya MEK akanakhulupirira kuti imatha kupanga zolemba zatsatanetsatane zomwe zidaperekedwa ku boma la Germany. Izi zimafuna bungwe lodziwa zida za nyukiliya komanso luso lopanga zolemba - zonse zomwe Mossad ya Israeli inali nazo zambiri.

Netanyahu adapatsa anthu chithunzithunzi choyamba cha chimodzi mwazojambulazo Lolemba pomwe adaziwonetsa mopambana ngati umboni wowoneka bwino wa zida zanyukiliya zaku Iran. Koma chojambulacho chinali ndi cholakwika chachikulu chomwe chinatsimikizira kuti icho ndi ena omwe anali pagululo sichingakhale chowona: chikuwonetsa mawonekedwe a "dunce cap" wopangidwanso ndi mzinga woyambirira wa Shahab-3 womwe udayesedwa kuyambira 1998 mpaka 2000. Umenewu unali mawonekedwe omwe akatswiri azanzeru kunja kwa Iran adaganiza mu 2002 ndi 2003 Iran ipitiliza kugwiritsa ntchito mizinga yake yoponya mizinga. chilichonse chomwe chinali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira oyimira chida cha nyukiliya. Zojambulazo zidafotokozedwa kwa maboma akunja ndi International Atomic Energy Agency ngati kuyesa kosiyanasiyana 18 kuphatikiza chida cha nyukiliya mu Shahab-3.

New Nose Cone

Tsopano zatsimikiziridwa bwino, komabe, kuti Iran idayamba kukonzanso mzinga wa Shahab-3 ndi galimoto ya conical reentry kapena nosecone kumayambiriro kwa 2000 ndipo m'malo mwake ndi mapangidwe osiyana kwambiri omwe anali ndi "triconic" kapena "botolo la ana". Inapangitsa kuti ikhale mzinga wokhala ndi kuthekera kosiyanasiyana kowuluka ndipo pamapeto pake idatchedwa Ghadr-1. Michael Elleman, katswiri wotsogola padziko lonse lapansi wa zida zankhondo zaku Iran zaku Iran, adalemba za kukonzanso kwa mizinga mu yake. njira yosokoneza maphunziro a 2010 pulogalamu ya missile ya Iran.

Iran idasunga chinsinsi chake chomwe chidapangidwa kumene ndi galimoto yolowera botolo la ana kuchokera kumayiko akunja mpaka kuyesa kwake koyamba mkati mwa 2004. Elleman adatsimikiza kuti Iran idasocheretsa mwadala dziko lonse lapansi - makamaka Israeli, omwe adayimira chiwopsezo chanthawi yomweyo ku Iran - kukhulupirira kuti chitsanzo chakale chinali mzinga wamtsogolo pomwe akusintha kale mapulani ake ku mapangidwe atsopano. , zimene zikanachititsa Aisrayeli onse kufikako kwa nthaŵi yoyamba.

Olemba zojambula zomwe Netanyahu adawonetsa pazenera anali mumdima zakusintha kwa kapangidwe ka Iran. Tsiku loyambirira la chikalata chokonzanso galimoto yolowanso m'gulu lomwe adapeza ndi anzeru aku US anali Ogasiti 28, 2002 - pafupifupi zaka ziwiri kukonzanso kwenikweni kudayamba. Cholakwika chachikulu chimenecho chikuwonetsa momveka bwino kuti zojambula zomwe zikuwonetsa chida cha nyukiliya mgalimoto ya Shahab-3 yoloweranso - zomwe Netanyahu adazitcha "mapangidwe ophatikizika ankhondo" zinali zabodza.

Netanyahu adawonetsa mavumbulutsidwe angapo omwe akuti adachokera ku "nkhokwe ya atomiki" yomwe yangopezedwa kumene zokhudzana ndi zomwe zimatchedwa "Amad Plan" komanso kupitiliza ntchito za waku Iran yemwe akuti adatsogolera ntchito yobisala zida za nyukiliya. . Koma masamba amodzi a zilankhulo za chilankhulo cha Farsi omwe adawunikira pazenera analinso momveka bwino kuchokera ku zolemba zomwezo zomwe tikudziwa tsopano zidachokera ku kuphatikiza kwa MEK-Israeli. Zolembazi sizinatsimikizidwe konse, ndipo Director-General wa IAEA, Mohamed ElBaradei, yemwe amakayikira kuti ndi zoona, anaumiriza kuti popanda kutsimikizika koteroko, sakanaimba mlandu Iran kuti ili ndi pulogalamu ya zida za nyukiliya.

Zachinyengo Zambiri

Palinso zisonyezo zina zachinyengo pakutolera zikalatazo. Chinthu chachiwiri cha pulogalamu ya zida zobisika zomwe zimatchedwa "Amad Plan" inali "ndondomeko yoyendera" ya bench-scale system yosinthira uranium ore kuti alemeretse. Iwo anali ndi code dzina "Project 5.13", malinga ndi a kufotokoza mwachidule ndi Wachiwiri kwa Mtsogoleri wa IAEA Olli Heinonen, ndipo anali mbali ya "Project 5", malinga ndi lipoti la IAEA. Ntchito ina yaing'ono pansi pa rubrikiyi inali "Project 5.15", yomwe inkakhudza kukonzanso miyala ku Gchine Mine. Ntchito zing'onozing'ono ziwirizi zidanenedwa kuti zichitidwa ndi kampani yopereka upangiri yotchedwa Kimia Maadan.

Koma zikalata kuti Iran pambuyo pake anapereka ku IAEA kunatsimikizira kuti, "Project 5.15" inalipo, koma inali ntchito ya anthu wamba ya Atomic Energy Organization ya Iran, osati gawo la pulogalamu ya zida za nyukiliya, komanso kuti chisankhocho chinapangidwa mu August 1999 - awiri. zaka zisanachitike "Amad Plan" akuti idayamba.

Udindo wa Kimia Maadan m'magawo onse awiriwa akufotokoza chifukwa chake pulojekiti yokonza ore idzaphatikizidwa mu pulogalamu yachinsinsi ya zida za nyukiliya. Chimodzi mwazolemba zochepa zomwe zili mu cache zomwe zingathe kutsimikiziridwa kuti ndizowona zinali kalata yochokera kwa Kimia Maadan pa nkhani ina, yomwe imasonyeza kuti olemba malembawo anali kumanga zosonkhanitsazo mozungulira zolemba zingapo zomwe zingathe kutsimikiziridwa.

Netanyahu adachedwanso chifukwa chokana Iran kuti idachitapo kanthu paukadaulo wa "MPI" kapena ("Multi-Point Initiation") "mu hemispheric geometry". Ananenanso kuti "mafayilo" adawonetsa kuti Iran idachita "ntchito yayikulu" kapena "MPI". Sanafotokoze mwatsatanetsatane mfundoyo. Koma Israel idapeza umboni womwe akuti adayesa mu kanyumba ka malata ku Tehran. Nkhani yoti Iran idachita zoyeserera ngati izi inali nkhani yayikulu pakufufuza kwa IAEA pambuyo pa 2008. Lipoti la September 2008, zomwe zimati zinali za "kuyesa kwa Iran pokhudzana ndi kuyambika kwa chiwongolero chokwera kwambiri cha hemispherical choyenerera chida cha nyukiliya chamtundu wa implosion."

Palibe Zisindikizo Zovomerezeka

IAEA idakana kuwulula kuti ndi dziko liti lomwe lapereka chikalatachi ku IAEA. Koma mkulu wakale wa ElBaradei adawulula zolemba zake kuti Israeli idapereka zikalata zingapo ku bungweli kuti litsimikizire kuti Iran idapitiliza kuyesa zida za nyukiliya mpaka "2007 osachepera." ElBaradei anali kunena za nthawi yabwino yowonekera kwa lipotilo mkati mwa miyezi ingapo ya US NIE ya Novembara 2007 pomaliza kuti Iran idathetsa kafukufuku wake wokhudzana ndi zida za nyukiliya mu 2003.

Netanyahu analoza mndandanda wa zolemba pa zenera komanso angapo zojambula, zithunzi ndi ziwerengero luso, ndipo ngakhale grainy wakale wakuda ndi woyera filimu, monga umboni wa Iran zida za nyukiliya ntchito. Koma palibe chilichonse chokhudza iwo chomwe chimapereka umboni ku boma la Iran. Monga Tariq Rauf, yemwe anali mkulu wa IAEA's Verification and Security Policy Coordination Office kuyambira 2002 mpaka 2012, adalemba mu imelo, palibe masamba omwe ali pachithunzichi omwe amawonetsa zisindikizo kapena zizindikiro zomwe zingawazindikiritse ngati boma lenileni la Iran. zikalata. Zolemba zaku Iran zomwe zidaperekedwa ku IAEA mu 2005 chimodzimodzi zinalibe zilembo, monga mkulu wa IAEA adandivomereza mu 2008.

Chiwonetsero cha slide cha Netanyahu chinawulula zambiri osati kungokopa kwake kopitilira muyeso pamutu waku Iran. Zinapereka umboni winanso wosonyeza kuti zonena zomwe zidasokoneza bwino mayiko a US ndi Israeli kuti agwirizane nawo pakulanga Iran chifukwa chokhala ndi pulogalamu ya zida za nyukiliya zidatengera zolemba zabodza zomwe zidachokera m'boma lomwe linali ndi cholinga champhamvu chopanga mlanduwo - Israeli.

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Gareth Porter ndi mtolankhani wodzifufuza wodziimira yekha ndi wolemba mbiri pa US ndondomeko ya chitetezo cha dziko la United States ndipo amalandila mphoto ya 2012 Gellhorn yolemba. Buku lake laposachedwapa ndi Crisis Made: The Untold Story ya Iran Nuclear Scare, yofalitsidwa ku 2014.