Khothi Lapansi Ladziko Lonse la Anthu aku Africa komanso Loto la Chilungamo

Ndi David Swanson, World BEYOND War, April 8, 2020

Kanemayo "Wotsutsa,” akufotokoza nkhani ya Khothi Loona za Upandu Padziko Lonse, loyang’ana kwambiri woimira boma pa milandu woyamba, Luis Moreno-Ocampo, ndi zithunzi zambiri za iye m’chaka cha 2009. Anagwira ntchito imeneyi kuyambira 2003 mpaka 2012.

Firimuyi imayamba ndi Woimira boma pa helicopter kulowa m'mudzi wa ku Africa kuti adziwitse anthu kuti ICC ikubweretsa chilungamo chake padziko lonse lapansi, osati mudzi wawo. Koma, ndithudi, tonse tikudziwa kuti sizowona, ndipo tikudziwa tsopano kuti ngakhale zaka khumi kuchokera pamene filimuyi inapangidwa, ICC sinatsutse aliyense wochokera ku United States kapena dziko lililonse la NATO kapena Israel kapena Russia kapena China kapena kulikonse kunja kwa Africa.

Moreno-Ocampo adazenga mlandu akuluakulu ku Argentina m'ma 1980. Koma pamene ankayamba ku ICC cholinga chake chinali ku Africa. Izi zinali mwa zina chifukwa mayiko aku Africa adapempha kuti aimbidwe milanduyi. Ndipo ena amene anatsutsa kukondera kwa Afirika, ndithudi, anali oimbidwa mlandu omwe zolinga zawo sizinali zodzikonda.

ICC poyamba inalibenso mphamvu yoimba mlandu wankhondo, mosiyana ndi milandu ina mkati mwa nkhondo. (Tsopano ili ndi luso limeneli koma silinagwiritsebe ntchito.) Kotero, tikuwona Moreno-Ocampo ndi anzake akutsutsa kugwiritsa ntchito asilikali a ana, ngati kuti kugwiritsa ntchito akuluakulu kungakhale bwino.

Kulimbitsa lingaliro la nkhondo zolandirika zoyenerera ndiko kulankhula m’filimuyo, monga ngati kunena kuti: “Zimene Anazi anachita sizinali zankhondo. Anali milandu.” Izi ndi zamkhutu zoopsa. Mayesero a Nuremberg adachokera ku Kellogg-Briand Pact yomwe idangoletsa nkhondo. Mayeserowo adapotoza lamulolo mopanda chifukwa chonamizira kuti amaletsa "nkhondo yoopsa," ndipo adakulitsa lamulolo momveka bwino kuti aphatikizepo mbali zina zankhondo ngati milandu ina. Koma zinali zolakwa chabe chifukwa zinali mbali ya upandu waukulu wankhondo, upandu womwe umafotokozedwa ku Nuremberg ngati mlandu waukulu wapadziko lonse lapansi chifukwa umaphatikizapo ena ambiri. Ndipo nkhondo ikadali mlandu pansi pa Kellogg-Briand Pact ndi UN Charter.

Kanemayo amatchula milandu ya Israeli ndi US ku Gaza ndi Afghanistan motsatana, koma palibe amene akuimbidwa mlandu, kuyambira pamenepo komanso kuyambira pamenepo. M'malo mwake, tikuwona kutsutsidwa kwa anthu aku Africa, kuphatikiza kutsutsidwa kwa Purezidenti wa Sudan, komanso anthu osiyanasiyana ku Congo ndi Uganda, ngakhale okondedwa aku Western ngati Paul Kagame. Tikuwona Moreno-Ocampo akupita ku Uganda kukakakamiza Purezidenti Museveni (yemwe mwiniyo atha kuimbidwa mlandu nthawi zambiri) kuti asalole Purezidenti wotsutsidwa wa Sudan kuyendera popanda kumangidwa. Tikuwonanso, kubwereketsa kwa ICC, milandu ya "milandu yankhondo" kumbali zotsutsana zankhondo yomweyo - chinthu chomwe ndikuwona ngati gawo lothandiza kwambiri pakukwaniritsa cholinga chomwe Moreno-Ocampo sangagawane, cholinga choyimba mlandu wankhondo. nkhondo ndi onse akuimenya.

Kanemayo amatenga zotsutsa zingapo za ICC. Imodzi ndi mfundo yakuti mtendere umafuna kulolerana, kuti ziwopsezo za kuimbidwa mlandu zitha kupangitsa kuti anthu asakambirane za mtendere. Kanemayo ndi, ndithudi, filimu, osati bukhu, kotero amangotipatsa zolemba zina kumbali iliyonse ndikukhazikitsa kanthu. Ndikukayikira, komabe, kuti kuunikanso mosamalitsa kwa umboniwo kungagwirizane ndi mkangano uwu wopewa kuyimba milandu. Ndi iko komwe, anthu amene amatsutsa zimenezi sali odzitsutsa okha koma ena. Ndipo akuwoneka kuti alibe umboni uliwonse wosonyeza kuti nkhondo zimatenga nthawi yayitali pamene milandu ikuwopsezedwa. Pakadali pano, ICC ikuwonetsa umboni woti kubweretsa milandu kutha kutsatiridwa ndi kupita patsogolo kwa mtendere, komanso kuti kuwopseza kugwiritsa ntchito kwa asitikali ana m'dera lina ladziko lapansi kungayambitse kuchepa kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo m'malo ena.

Kanemayo akukhudzanso zonena kuti ICC singachite bwino popanda kuyambitsa gulu lankhondo lapadziko lonse lapansi. Izi siziri choncho. ICC sichingapambane popanda kuthandizidwa ndi omenyera nkhondo padziko lonse lapansi omwe ali ndi mphamvu zovotera ku UN Security Council, koma ndi thandizo lawo lingakhale ndi zida zambiri zamphamvu zomwe zingatsatire zomwe zimawatsutsa - njira zandale ndi zachuma zolimbikitsira kuti atulutsidwe. .

Kodi ICC ingachite chiyani bwino, bola ngati siinachoke pansi pa chala chachikulu cha opanga nkhondo? Chabwino, ndikuganiza ogwira nawo ntchito pano akudziwa bwino zomwe angachite, chifukwa amapitiliza kutiseka nazo. Kwa zaka zambiri, akhala akuyang'ana lingaliro loyimba milandu yaku US yomwe idachitika ku Afghanistan membala wa ICC. Moreno-Ocampo akunena mobwerezabwereza mufilimuyi kuti kuvomerezeka komanso kugwirana manja ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti khothi lipulumuke. Ndikuvomereza. Kudzudzula kapena kunena usiku wabwino. ICC iyenera kutsutsa opanga nkhondo aku Western chifukwa cha nkhanza zomwe zakhala zikuchitika kwanthawi yayitali, komanso iwonetsetse padziko lonse lapansi kuti idzaimba mlandu munthawi yake omwe ali ndi udindo woyambitsa nkhondo zatsopano.

Ben Ferencz akupanga mfundo yoyenera mufilimuyi: Ngati ICC ili yofooka, njira yothetsera vutoli ndiyo kulimbitsa. Zina mwa mphamvuzi ziyenera kubwera chifukwa chosiya kukhala bwalo lamilandu la anthu aku Africa okha.