Kufunika Kosalowerera Ndale Mwabwino kwa Maiko Pawokha Pawokha Komanso Pamtendere Wapadziko Lonse

Wolemba Ed Horgan, World BEYOND War, June 4, 2023

Zolankhulidwa ndi Dr Edward Horgan, wochita zamtendere ndi Irish Peace and Neutrality Alliance, World BEYOND War, ndi Veterans For Peace.   

Mu Januwale 2021 gulu la omenyera nkhondo ochokera kumayiko angapo kuphatikiza Colombia adachita nawo ntchito yotchedwa International Neutrality Project. Tinkada nkhaŵa kuti mkangano wa kum’maŵa kwa Ukraine ukhoza kuwonjezereka kukhala nkhondo yaikulu. Tinkakhulupirira kuti kusalowerera ndale ku Ukraine kunali kofunika kuti tipewe nkhondo yoteroyo komanso kuti pakufunika kulimbikitsa lingaliro losalowerera ndale padziko lonse lapansi ngati njira ina yolimbana ndi nkhondo zankhanza ndi zida zankhondo, zomwe zinali kuchitikira anthu aku Middle East. kwina. Tsoka ilo, Ukraine idasiya kusalowerera ndale ndipo mkangano wa ku Ukraine udasanduka nkhondo yayikulu mu February 2022, ndipo mayiko awiri aku Europe omwe satenga nawo mbali, Sweden ndi Finland nawonso adakopeka kusiya kusalowerera ndale.

Kuyambira kumapeto kwa Cold War, nkhondo zankhanza pofuna kulanda chuma chamtengo wapatali zakhala zikuyendetsedwa ndi US ndi NATO ndi mabungwe ena osagwirizana ndi malamulo apadziko lonse ndi UN Charter, pogwiritsa ntchito Nkhondo Yolimbana ndi Zigawenga monga chowiringula. Nkhondo zonse zaukali zakhala zosaloledwa pansi pa malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi kuphatikiza Kellogg-Briand-Pact ndi Mfundo za Nuremberg zomwe zidaletsa nkhondo zankhanza.

Bungwe la UN Charter linasankha njira yowonjezereka ya 'chitetezo chamagulu', monga Ma Musketeers Atatu - amodzi kwa onse ndi onse m'modzi. Omenyera nkhondo atatuwa adakhala mamembala asanu okhazikika a UN Security Council, omwe nthawi zina amadziwika kuti apolisi asanu, omwe adapatsidwa ntchito yosunga kapena kukhazikitsa mtendere padziko lonse lapansi. Dziko la US linali dziko lamphamvu kwambiri padziko lapansi kumapeto kwa WW 2. Linagwiritsa ntchito zida za atomiki mopanda chifukwa polimbana ndi Japan kusonyeza mphamvu zake ku dziko lonse lapansi. Mulingo uliwonse uwu unali mlandu waukulu wankhondo. USSR idaphulitsa bomba lake loyamba la atomiki mu 1949 kuwonetsa zenizeni za dongosolo lamphamvu padziko lonse lapansi la bipolar. M'zaka za zana la 21 izi kugwiritsa ntchito, kapena kukhala ndi zida zanyukiliya kuyenera kuonedwa ngati uchigawenga wapadziko lonse lapansi.

Izi zikanatheka ndipo zikanathetsedwa mwamtendere pambuyo pa kutha kwa Cold War, koma atsogoleri a US adawona kuti US idakhalanso dziko lamphamvu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndipo adasunthira kugwiritsa ntchito izi. M'malo mosiya NATO yomwe inali yosowa ntchito, popeza Pangano la Warsaw linali litasiya ntchito, NATO yotsogozedwa ndi US idanyalanyaza malonjezo omwe adaperekedwa ku Russia kuti asawonjezere NATO kumayiko omwe kale anali a Warsaw Pact. Ulamuliro ndi kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mphamvu zidaposa ulamulilo wa malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi.

Mphamvu za veto za mamembala asanu okhazikika a UNSC (P5) amawalola kuti azichita zinthu mopanda chilango komanso kuphwanya Charter ya UN yomwe akuyenera kutsatira, chifukwa bungwe la UNSC lotsekedwa silingathe kuwalanga.

Izi zapangitsa kuti pakhale nkhondo zosaloledwa ndi US, NATO ndi mabungwe ena, kuphatikiza nkhondo yolimbana ndi Serbia ku 1999, Afghanistan 2001, Iraq 2003 ndi kwina. Iwo atenga ulamuliro wa malamulo a mayiko m’manja mwawo ndi kukhala chiwopsezo chachikulu ku mtendere wapadziko lonse.

Magulu ankhondo ankhanza sayenera kukhalapo m'nthawi zowopsa zino kwa anthu pomwe zida zankhanza zikuwononga kwambiri anthu komanso malo okhala anthu. Magulu achitetezo enieni ndiofunikira kuti aletse olamulira ankhondo, zigawenga zapadziko lonse lapansi, olamulira mwankhanza, komanso zigawenga, kuphatikiza zigawenga zapaboma, kuti asachite mophwanya ufulu wachibadwidwe komanso kuwononga Planet Earth. M'mbuyomu magulu ankhondo a Warsaw Pact adachita ziwawa zopanda chilungamo kum'mawa kwa Europe, ndipo maulamuliro achifumu a ku Europe ndi atsamunda adachita milandu ingapo motsutsana ndi anthu m'maiko awo akale. Tchata cha United Nations chinalinganizidwa kukhala maziko a dongosolo lowongolera kwambiri la malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi lomwe lidzathetse maupandu otsutsana ndi anthu.

Mu February 2022 Russia idalowa nawo ophwanya malamulo poyambitsa nkhondo yolimbana ndi Ukraine, chifukwa amakhulupirira kuti kukula kwa NATO mpaka kumalire ake kungayambitse chiwopsezo ku ulamuliro wa Russia. Atsogoleri aku Russia mosakayikira adalowa mumsampha wa NATO kuti agwiritse ntchito mkangano waku Ukraine ngati nkhondo yolimbana ndi Russia kapena zida zothandizira.

Lingaliro lalamulo lapadziko lonse losalowerera ndale linayambitsidwa kuti liteteze mayiko ang'onoang'ono ku ziwawa zotere, ndipo The Hague Convention V on Neutrality 1907 inakhala lamulo lotsimikizirika la mayiko okhudza kusalowerera ndale. Pali zosiyana zambiri m'zochita ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kusalowerera ndale ku Europe ndi kwina. Kusiyanasiyana kumeneku kumakhudza kusiyanasiyana kuchokera ku uchete wokhala ndi zida zamphamvu kupita ku uchete wopanda zida. Mayiko ena monga Costa Rica alibe asilikali ndipo amadalira malamulo a mayiko kuti ateteze dziko lawo kuti asawukidwe. Monga momwe apolisi amafunikira kuti ateteze nzika m'maiko, apolisi apadziko lonse lapansi ndi malamulo amafunikira kuti ateteze maiko ang'onoang'ono kumayiko akuluakulu ankhanza. Mphamvu zenizeni zodzitetezera zingafunike pachifukwa ichi.

Ndi kupangidwa ndi kufalikira kwa zida za nyukiliya, palibe dziko, kuphatikizapo US, Russia ndi China, lomwe lingatsimikizidwenso kuti lingathe kuteteza maiko awo ndi nzika zawo kuti asathedwe. Izi zatsogolera ku chiphunzitso chamisala cha chitetezo cha padziko lonse chotchedwa Mutually Assured Destruction, moyenerera chidule cha MAD Chiphunzitsochi chazikidwa pa chikhulupiriro cholakwika chakuti palibe mtsogoleri wadziko amene angakhale wopusa kapena wamisala kuti ayambe nkhondo ya nyukiliya.

Maiko ena monga Switzerland ndi Austria satenga nawo mbali m'malamulo awo kotero kuti kusalowerera kwawo kutha kuthetsedwa ndi referendum ya nzika zawo. Mayiko ena monga Sweden, Ireland, Cyprus sanalowerere m'malo mwa ndondomeko ya Boma ndipo muzochitika zoterezi, izi zikhoza kusinthidwa ndi chigamulo cha boma, monga momwe zachitikira kale ku Sweden ndi Finland. Kukakamizidwa tsopano kukubwera kumayiko ena osalowerera ndale kuphatikiza Ireland kuti asiye uchete wawo. Kupanikizika uku kumachokera ku NATO komanso ku European Union. Mayiko ambiri a EU tsopano ndi mamembala athunthu a mgwirizano wankhondo wankhanza wa NATO, motero NATO yalanda European Union. Kusalowerera ndale kwalamulo ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri kumayiko monga Colombia ndi Ireland chifukwa referendum yokha ya anthu ake ingathetse kusalowerera ndale.

Pambuyo pa Cold War, US ndi NATO adalonjeza Russia kuti NATO sidzakulitsidwa kumayiko akum'mawa kwa Europe mpaka kumalire ndi Russia. Izi zikanatanthauza kuti mayiko onse omwe ali m'malire a Russia adzaonedwa kuti ndi mayiko osalowerera ndale, kuchokera ku Nyanja ya Baltic kupita ku Black Sea Mgwirizanowu unasweka mwamsanga ndi US ndi NATO.

Mbiri yakale imasonyeza kuti maiko achiwawa akadzayamba kupanga zida zamphamvu kwambiri zomwe zidzagwiritsidwe ntchito. Atsogoleri aku US omwe adagwiritsa ntchito zida za atomiki mu 1945 sanali MAD, anali ABWINO chabe. Nkhondo zaukali ndizosaloledwa kale, koma njira ziyenera kupezeka zopewera kuswa malamulo koteroko.

Pazofuna za anthu, komanso chidwi cha zamoyo zonse pa Planet Earth, tsopano pali nkhani yamphamvu yoti iwonjezere lingaliro la kusalowerera ndale kumayiko ambiri momwe kungathekere.

Kusaloŵerera m’zandale kumene kuli kofunika tsopano kusakhale kusaloŵerera m’zandale kumene mayiko amanyalanyaza mikangano ndi kuvutika m’maiko ena. M'dziko lolumikizidwa lomwe lili pachiwopsezo lomwe tikukhalamo, nkhondo yapadziko lonse lapansi ndi yowopsa kwa tonsefe. Kusaloŵerera m'zandale kochita bwino kuyenera kulimbikitsidwa ndi kulimbikitsidwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mayiko omwe salowerera ndale ali ndi ufulu wonse wodziteteza koma alibe ufulu womenyana ndi mayiko ena. Komabe, ichi chiyenera kukhala kudziteteza kwenikweni. Zidzakakamizanso mayiko omwe salowerera ndale kuti alimbikitse ndikuthandizira kusunga mtendere ndi chilungamo padziko lonse lapansi. Mtendere wopanda chilungamo ndi kutha kwakanthawi kochepa monga momwe nkhondo yoyamba ndi yachiwiri yapadziko lonse inasonyezera.

Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pamalingaliro osalowerera ndale, ndipo izi zikuphatikizapo kusalowerera ndale kolakwika kapena kudzipatula. Dziko la Ireland ndi chitsanzo cha dziko limene sililowerera ndale, kuyambira pamene linalowa m’bungwe la United Nations mu 1955. Ngakhale kuti dziko la Ireland lili ndi asilikali okwana 8,000, lakhala likuchita khama kwambiri pothandiza kuti ntchito za UN zosungitsa mtendere zichitike. asilikali okwana 88 omwe amwalira pa maulendo a UN awa, omwe ndi ovulala kwambiri kwa gulu laling'ono la Chitetezo.

Ku Ireland, kusalowerera ndale kwabwino kwatanthauzanso kulimbikitsa njira yochotsa koloni ndikuthandizira mayiko omwe angodziimira okha ndi mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene ndi thandizo lothandiza m'malo monga maphunziro, ntchito zaumoyo, ndi chitukuko cha zachuma. Tsoka ilo, kuyambira pomwe dziko la Ireland lidalowa mu European Union, makamaka m'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, dziko la Ireland lakhala likukokera m'zochita za mayiko akuluakulu a EU komanso maulamuliro akale atsamunda podyera masuku pamutu mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene m'malo mowathandiza moona mtima. Ireland yawononganso mbiri yake yosalowerera ndale polola asitikali aku US kugwiritsa ntchito bwalo la ndege la Shannon kumadzulo kwa Ireland kumenya nkhondo zake zankhanza ku Middle East. A US, NATO ndi European Union akhala akugwiritsa ntchito akazembe ndi zachuma kuyesa kuti mayiko omwe salowerera ndale ku Europe asiye kulowerera ndale ndipo akuchita bwino pantchitoyi. Ndikofunika kunena kuti chilango chachikulu chaletsedwa m'mayiko onse a EU ndipo ichi ndi chitukuko chabwino kwambiri. Komabe, mamembala amphamvu kwambiri a NATO omwenso ndi mamembala a EU akhala akupha anthu ku Middle East mosaloledwa kwazaka makumi awiri zapitazi. Ichi ndi chilango cha imfa pamlingo waukulu mwa nkhondo. Geography ingathandizenso kuti asatengere mbali m'zandale komanso malo omwe ali pachilumba cha Ireland chakumadzulo kwa Europe amapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kusalowerera ndale. Zimenezi n’zosiyana ndi mayiko monga Belgium ndi Netherlands amene nthaŵi zambiri aphwanyiridwa kusaloŵerera m’ndale. Komabe, malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi akuyenera kulimbikitsidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti awonetsetse kuti kusalowerera ndale kwa mayiko onse akulemekezedwa ndikuthandizidwa.

Ngakhale ili ndi malire ambiri, Msonkhano wa ku Hague wokhudza kusalowerera ndale umatengedwa ngati maziko a malamulo apadziko lonse okhudza kusalowerera ndale. Kudziteteza kwenikweni kumaloledwa pansi pa malamulo a mayiko okhudza kusalowerera ndale, koma mbali imeneyi yakhala ikuzunzidwa kwambiri ndi mayiko achiwawa. Kusalowerera ndale ndi njira yabwino yosinthira nkhondo zankhanza. Ntchitoyi yapadziko lonse lapansi yosalowerera ndale iyenera kukhala gawo la kampeni yokulirapo yopangitsa kuti NATO ndi mapangano ena ankhanza asakhale opanda ntchito. Kukonzanso kapena kusintha kwa United Nations ndi chinthu chinanso chofunika kwambiri, koma imeneyo ndi ntchito ya tsiku lina.

Lingaliro ndi mchitidwe wosalowerera ndale zikuwukiridwa padziko lonse lapansi, osati chifukwa ndizolakwika, koma chifukwa zimatsutsa kuchuluka kwankhondo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito molakwa mphamvu ndi mayiko amphamvu kwambiri. Ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya boma lililonse ndi kuteteza anthu ake onse komanso kuchita zinthu zokomera anthu ake. Kumenya nawo nkhondo zamayiko ena ndi kulowa nawo m'magulu ankhondo ankhanza sikunapindule konse anthu a mayiko ang'onoang'ono.

Kusalowerera ndale sikulepheretsa dziko kukhala ndi ubale wabwino waukazembe, zachuma, ndi chikhalidwe ndi mayiko ena onse. Mayiko onse osalowerera ndale akuyenera kutenga nawo mbali polimbikitsa mtendere wadziko lonse komanso mtendere wapadziko lonse lapansi. Uwu ndiye kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa kusalowerera ndale, kusalowerera ndale mbali imodzi, ndi kusalowerera ndale kumbali ina. Kulimbikitsa mtendere padziko lonse lapansi si ntchito ya United Nations yokha, ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri kwa mayiko onse, kuphatikizapo Colombia. Tsoka ilo, bungwe la United Nations silinaloledwe kuchita ntchito yake yofunika kwambiri yokhazikitsa ndi kusunga mtendere wapadziko lonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mayiko onse omwe ali mamembala a UN agwire ntchito mwakhama kuti akhazikitse mtendere ndi chilungamo padziko lonse lapansi. Mtendere wopanda chilungamo umangothetsa nkhondo kwakanthawi. Chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri cha izi chinali pangano lamtendere la WW 1 Versailles, lomwe linalibe chilungamo ndipo linali chimodzi mwazoyambitsa WW 2.

Kusalowerera ndale kapena kopanda ndale kumatanthauza kuti dziko limangopewa nkhondo ndi malingaliro ake pankhani zapadziko lonse lapansi. Chitsanzo cha izi chinali United States mu Nkhondo Yadziko Lonse ndi Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, pamene US sanalowererepo mpaka anakakamizika kulengeza nkhondo ndi kumira kwa Lusitania mu WW 1 ndi kuukira kwa Japan pa Pearl Harbor mu WW 2. .Kusaloŵerera m'zandale kochita bwino ndi njira yabwino kwambiri komanso yopindulitsa kwambiri yosalowerera ndale makamaka mu 21 iyi^st m'zaka za zana lino pamene anthu akukumana ndi zovuta zingapo zomwe zilipo kuphatikizapo kusintha kwa nyengo ndi zoopsa za nkhondo ya nyukiliya. Anthu ndi mayiko sangathenso kukhala paokha ndi dziko lolumikizana lodalirana lamakono. Kusalowerera Ndale Kukuyenera kutanthauza kuti mayiko omwe salowerera ndale samangoganizira za bizinesi yawo, komanso amagwira ntchito mwakhama kuti athandize kukhazikitsa mtendere wapadziko lonse ndi chilungamo chapadziko lonse ndipo akuyenera kuyesetsa nthawi zonse kukonza ndikukhazikitsa malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi.

Ubwino wosalowerera ndale umaphatikizapo mfundo yakuti kusalowerera ndale ndi mgwirizano wovomerezeka m'malamulo apadziko lonse, mosiyana ndi kusalowerera ndale, choncho kumapereka ntchito osati kumayiko omwe salowerera ndale komanso kumapereka ntchito kwa mayiko omwe salowerera ndale, kulemekeza kusalowerera ndale kwa mayiko. Pakhala pali milandu yambiri m'mbiri yomwe mayiko osalowerera ndale amawukiridwa pankhondo zankhanza, koma monga achifwamba akubanki ndi akupha amaswa malamulo adziko momwemonso mayiko ankhanza amaswa malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi. Ndicho chifukwa chake kulimbikitsa kulemekeza malamulo apadziko lonse ndikofunika kwambiri, ndipo chifukwa chake mayiko ena omwe salowerera ndale angafunike kukhala ndi chitetezo chabwino kuti aletse kuukira boma lake, pamene ena monga Costa Rica akhoza kukhala dziko lopambana, popanda kukhala ndi asilikali. mphamvu. Ngati dziko ngati Colombia lili ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zamtengo wapatali, ndiye kuti ziyenera kukhala zanzeru kuti Colombia ikhale ndi chitetezo chabwino, koma izi sizikutanthauza kuwononga mabiliyoni a madola pa ndege zowonongeka kwambiri, akasinja ankhondo ndi zombo zankhondo. Zida zamakono zodzitchinjiriza zankhondo zitha kupangitsa kuti dziko losalowerera ndale liteteze gawo lake popanda kuwononga chuma chake. Mumangofunika zida zankhondo zankhanza ngati mukuukira kapena kuwukira mayiko ena ndipo mayiko omwe salowerera ndale akuletsedwa kuchita izi. Mayiko omwe salowerera ndale ayenera kusankha mtundu wa chitetezo chenicheni cha chitetezo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zomwe amasunga popereka thanzi labwino, ntchito zachitukuko, maphunziro ndi zina zofunika kwa anthu awo. Munthawi yamtendere, chitetezo chanu cha ku Colombia chingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu zabwino zambiri monga kuteteza ndi kukonza chilengedwe, ndikuthandizira kuyanjanitsa, ndi kupereka chithandizo chofunikira cha anthu. Boma lililonse liyenera kuyang'ana kwambiri kuteteza zokomera anthu ake komanso zokomera anthu, osati kungoteteza gawo lawo. Ziribe kanthu kuchuluka kwa madola mabiliyoni angati omwe mumagwiritsa ntchito pamagulu anu ankhondo, sizidzakhala zokwanira kulepheretsa mphamvu yaikulu yapadziko lonse kuti isalowe ndi kulanda dziko lanu. Zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikuletsa kapena kufooketsa kuukira kulikonse kotereku popangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta komanso zodula kuti mphamvu yayikulu iwononge dziko lanu. M'malingaliro anga izi zitha kutheka ndi dziko losalowerera ndale osayesa kuteteza zomwe sizingatetezedwe koma kukhala ndi ndondomeko ndi kukonzekera kuti ayambe kusagwirizana mwamtendere ndi magulu aliwonse owukira. Maiko ambiri monga Vietnam ndi Ireland adagwiritsa ntchito zigawenga kuti apeze ufulu wawo koma mtengo wa moyo wa anthu ukhoza kukhala wosavomerezeka makamaka ndi 21.^st nkhondo zaka zana. Kusunga mtendere mwamtendere komanso kutsatira malamulo ndi njira yabwino kwambiri. Kuyesa kukhazikitsa mtendere mwa kuyambitsa nkhondo ndi njira yobweretsera tsoka. Palibe amene adafunsapo omwe adaphedwa pankhondo ngati akuwona kuti kufa kwawo kunali koyenera kapena 'koyenera'. Komabe, pamene Mlembi wa boma wa United States Madeline Albright anafunsidwa za imfa ya ana oposa theka la miliyoni a ku Iraq m’zaka za m’ma 1990 ndiponso ngati mtengowo unali woyenerera, iye anayankha kuti: “Ndikuganiza kuti chimenecho n’chisankho chovuta kwambiri, koma mtengo wake ndi wofunika. taganizani, mtengo wake ndi wofunika. "

Tikamasanthula njira zachitetezo cha dziko, zabwino zakusalowerera ndale zimaposa zovuta zilizonse. Sweden, Finland ndi Austria anakwanitsa kusunga uchete wawo m’nthaŵi yonse ya Nkhondo Yozizira, ndipo m’nkhani ya Sweden, sanaloŵerere kwa zaka zoposa 200. Tsopano, ndi Sweden ndi Finland kusiya uchete ndi kulowa NATO ayika anthu awo ndi mayiko awo mumkhalidwe wowopsa kwambiri. Ukraine ikadakhalabe dziko losalowerera ndale, sipakanakhala nkhondo yowononga yomwe yapha anthu ake opitilira 100,000 mpaka pano, opindula okha ndiwo opanga zida. Nkhondo yachiwembu yaku Russia ikuwononganso kwambiri anthu aku Russia, mosasamala kanthu za kukulitsa kwaukali kwa NATO. Purezidenti wa Russia Putin adalakwitsa kwambiri poyenda mumsampha wopangidwa ndi NATO. Palibe chomwe chimalungamitsa nkhanza zomwe Russia idagwiritsa ntchito polanda kum'mawa kwa Ukraine. Momwemonso, US ndi ogwirizana nawo a NATO sanayenere kugwetsa maboma a Afghanistan, Iraq ndi Libya, ndikuchita ziwawa zopanda chilungamo ku Syria, Yemen ndi kwina.

Malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi ndi osakwanira ndipo sakutsatiridwa. Yankho la izi ndikusintha nthawi zonse malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi ndikuyankha pakuphwanya malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi. Apa ndi pamene kusalowerera ndale kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mayiko omwe salowerera ndale akuyenera kulimbikitsa chilungamo padziko lonse lapansi ndikusintha ndikukonzanso malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi ndi malamulo.

UN idakhazikitsidwa makamaka kuti ikhazikitse ndikusunga mtendere wapadziko lonse lapansi, koma UN ikuletsedwa kuchita izi ndi mamembala ake okhazikika a UNSC.

Mikangano yaposachedwa ku Sudan, Yemen ndi kwina ikuwonetsa zovuta ndi nkhanza zomwezi. Asilikali omwe adayambitsa nkhondo yapachiweniweni ku Sudan sakumenya nkhondo m'malo mwa anthu aku Sudan, akuchita zosiyana. Akumenya nkhondo ndi anthu aku Sudan kuti apitirizebe kuba chuma chamtengo wapatali cha Sudan. Saudi Arabia ndi ogwirizana nawo omwe amathandizidwa ndi US, Britain ndi ena ogulitsa zida zankhondo akhala akulimbana ndi anthu aku Yemen. Mayiko akumadzulo ndi mayiko ena akhala akugwiritsa ntchito chuma cha Democratic Republic of Congo kwa zaka zopitirira zana pamtengo wapatali pa miyoyo ndi kuvutika kwa anthu a ku Congo.

Mamembala asanu okhazikika a UN Security Council adapatsidwa ntchito yotsata mfundo ndi zolemba za UN Charter. Komabe atatu mwa iwo, US, UK ndi France akhala akuchita zosemphana ndi Charter ya UN kuyambira kumapeto kwa Cold War, ndipo zisanachitike ku Vietnam ndi kwina. Posachedwapa Russia yakhala ikuchitanso chimodzimodzi polowa ndikumenya nkhondo ku Ukraine ndipo izi zisanachitike, ku Afghanistan m'ma 1980.

Dziko langa, Ireland, ndi laling'ono kwambiri kuposa Colombia, koma monga Colombia takhala tikuvutika ndi nkhondo zapachiweniweni komanso kuponderezedwa kwakunja. Pokhala dziko losalowerera ndale dziko la Ireland lachita gawo lofunikira polimbikitsa mtendere wapadziko lonse lapansi ndi chilungamo chapadziko lonse lapansi ndipo yapeza chiyanjanitso mkati mwa Ireland. Ndikukhulupirira kuti Colombia ingathe kuchita chimodzimodzi.

Ngakhale ena angatsutse kuti pali zovuta ndi kusalowerera ndale monga kusowa kwa mgwirizano, ndi mgwirizano ndi ogwirizana, kusatetezeka ku ziwopsezo zapadziko lonse lapansi ndi zovuta, izi mosakayikira zimangokhudza kusalowerera ndale koyipa. Kusalowerera ndale komwe kumagwirizana bwino ndi zochitika zapadziko lonse lapansi m'zaka za zana la 21, komanso koyenera dziko la Colombia, ndi kusalowerera ndale komwe mayiko omwe satenga nawo mbali amalimbikitsa mtendere ndi chilungamo m'maiko, zigawo ndi mayiko. Ngati dziko la Colombia likhala dziko losalowerera ndale, lipereka chitsanzo chabwino kwa mayiko ena onse aku Latin America kuti atsatire chitsanzo cha Colombia ndi Costa Rica. Ndikayang'ana mapu a dziko lapansi, ndikuwona kuti Colombia ili pamalo abwino kwambiri. Zili ngati Colombia ndiye mlonda wa ku South America. Tiyeni tipange Colombia kukhala WOGWIRITSA NTCHITO MTENDERE ndi Chilungamo Padziko Lonse.