Kutenga Udindo pa Kupha kwa Drone- Purezidenti Obama ndi Chifunga Cha Nkhondo

Ndi Brian Terrell

Pamene Purezidenti Barack Obama adapepesa pa April 23 kwa mabanja a Warren Weinstein ndi Giovanni Lo Porto, waku America komanso waku Italiya, onse ogwidwa omwe adaphedwa pakuwukira kwa ndege ku Pakistan mu Januware, adati imfa yawo yomvetsa chisoni idachitika chifukwa cha "chifunga chankhondo."

"Ntchitoyi ikugwirizana kwathunthu ndi malangizo omwe timagwira ntchito zolimbana ndi uchigawenga m'derali," adatero, ndipo kutengera "kuwunika kwa maola mazana ambiri, tikukhulupirira kuti izi (nyumba yomwe idawonongedwa ndi kuwonongedwa ndi zida zoponyedwa ndi drone) gulu la al Qaeda; kuti panalibe anthu wamba amene analipo.” Ngakhale ali ndi zolinga zabwino komanso chitetezo chokhazikika, Purezidenti adati, "ndichowonadi chankhanza komanso chowawa kuti munkhondo yankhondo nthawi zambiri komanso nkhondo yathu yolimbana ndi zigawenga, zolakwika - nthawi zina zolakwa zazikulu - zitha kuchitika."

Mawu akuti "fog of war," Nebel des Krieges m'Chijeremani, idayambitsidwa ndi katswiri wa zankhondo waku Prussia Carl von Clausewitz mu 1832, kuti afotokoze kusatsimikizika komwe kumachitikira akuluakulu ndi asitikali pankhondo. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kufotokoza kapena kukhululukira "moto waubwenzi" ndi imfa zina zosayembekezereka mu kutentha ndi chisokonezo cha nkhondo. Mawuwa amadzutsa zithunzi zomveka bwino za chipwirikiti ndi kusamveka bwino. Chifunga cha nkhondo chimalongosola phokoso lodabwitsa ndi zoopsa, zipolopolo za zipolopolo ndi zipolopolo za mfuti, kuphulika kwa mafupa, kulira kwa ovulala, malamulo ofuula ndi kutsutsidwa, masomphenya ochepa komanso osokonezedwa ndi mitambo ya mpweya, utsi ndi zinyalala.

Nkhondo yokha ndi mlandu ndipo nkhondo ndi gehena, ndipo m'malo mwake asilikali amatha kuvutika ndi maganizo, kumva komanso thupi. Mu chifunga chankhondo, atatopa ndi kupirira komanso kuchita mantha chifukwa cha moyo wawo komanso wa anzawo, asitikali nthawi zambiri amayenera kupanga zisankho zachiwiri za moyo ndi imfa. M’mikhalidwe yomvetsa chisoni yoteroyo, nkosapeŵeka kuti “zolakwa—nthaŵi zina zolakwa zakupha—zitha kuchitika.”

Koma Warren Weinstein ndi Giovanni Lo Porto sanaphedwe mu chifunga chankhondo. Sanaphedwe m’nkhondo nkomwe, palibe m’njira iriyonse nkhondo imene yamvetsetsedwa kufikira tsopano. Iwo anaphedwa m’dziko limene dziko la United States silikumenya nkhondo. Palibe amene anali kumenyana pabwalo limene anafera. Asilikali amene anaponya mizinga imene inapha amuna awiriwa anali kutali kwambiri ndi dziko la United States ndipo analibe ngozi, ngakhale kuti panalibe amene ankawombera. Asilikaliwa ankayang'ana gululo likukwera mu utsi pansi pa mivi yawo, koma sanamve kuphulika kapena kulira kwa ovulala, komanso sanavutike ndi kuphulika kwake. Usiku umenewo, monga usiku wa kuukira kumeneku, tingaganize kuti anagona kunyumba m’mabedi awoawo.

Purezidenti akutsimikizira kuti zida zoponyazo zidawombera "pambuyo pa maola mazana ambiri akuziyang'anira" atafufuzidwa mosamala ndi akatswiri ofufuza zachitetezo ndi intelligence. Lingaliro lomwe lidatsogolera ku imfa ya Warren Weinstein ndi Giovanni Lo Porto silinafikidwe pankhondo yomenyera nkhondo koma muchitonthozo ndi chitetezo cha maofesi ndi zipinda zamisonkhano. Mawonekedwe awo sanasokonezedwe ndi utsi ndi zinyalala koma adalimbikitsidwa ndiukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri wowunika wa "Gorgon Stare" wa Reaper drones.

Tsiku lomwelo monga chilengezo cha Purezidenti Mlembi wa atolankhani ku White House adatulutsanso nkhani iyi: "Tatsimikiza kuti Ahmed Farouq, waku America yemwe anali mtsogoleri wa al-Qa'ida, adaphedwa pa opareshoni yomweyi yomwe idapangitsa kuti anthu ayambe kuphedwa. imfa za Dr. Weinstein ndi Bambo Lo Porto. Taonanso kuti Adam Gadahn, waku America yemwe adakhala membala wodziwika bwino wa al-Qa'ida, adaphedwa mu Januware, mwina m'ntchito ina yolimbana ndi zigawenga za boma la US. Ngakhale onse a Farouq ndi Gadahn anali mamembala a al-Qa'ida, palibe chomwe chidalunjika kwenikweni, ndipo tinalibe chidziwitso chosonyeza kupezeka kwawo pamalo ochitira izi." Ngati pulogalamu yakupha ya Purezidenti nthawi zina imapha anthu ogwidwa mwangozi, nthawi zina imaphanso mwangozi aku America omwe amati ndi mamembala a al-Qa'ida ndipo zikuwoneka kuti White House ikuyembekeza kuti titonthozedwe pankhaniyi.

"Maola mazanamazana akuyang'anitsitsa" ngakhale "zikugwirizana kwathunthu ndi malangizo omwe timachitira zolimbana ndi uchigawenga," lamulo loti liwukire gululo linaperekedwa popanda kusonyeza kuti Ahmed Farouq analipo kapena Warren Weinstein analipo. ayi. Patangopita miyezi itatu, boma la United States linavomereza kuti linaphulitsa nyumba imene ankaionera kwa masiku angapo popanda kudziwa ngakhale pang’ono kuti ndani analimo.

"Chowonadi chankhanza ndi chowawa" kwenikweni ndi chakuti Warren Weinstein ndi Giovanni Lo Porto sanaphedwe mu "zoyesayesa zolimbana ndi uchigawenga" konse, koma mwachigawenga cha boma la United States. Iwo anafa mu kugunda kwa zigawenga zomwe zinasokonekera. Ophedwa pakuwomberedwa kwaukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri, amakhala ophedwa mwachisawawa, ngati si kupha munthu.

"Chowonadi china chankhanza ndi chowawa" ndi chakuti anthu omwe amaphedwa ndi ma drones kutali ndi bwalo lankhondo chifukwa cha milandu yomwe sanazengedwe kapena kuweruzidwa, monga Ahmed Farouq ndi Adam Gadahn anali, si adani omwe anaphedwa mwalamulo pankhondo. Iwo ndi ozunzidwa ndi lynching ndi remote control.

"Zolusa ndi Zokolola zilibe ntchito m'malo omwe anthu amatsutsana," adavomereza General Mike Hostage, mkulu wa Air Force's Air Combat Command m'mawu ake mu September, 2013. Drones zatsimikiziranso zothandiza, adatero, pa "kusaka" al Qa'ida. koma sizili bwino pakulimbana kwenikweni. Popeza al Qa'ida ndi mabungwe ena achigawenga angokulirakulira ndikuchulukirachulukira kuyambira pomwe kampeni ya Obama idayamba mu 2009, wina atha kutsutsa zonena za mkuluyo kuti ndizothandiza pazinthu zilizonse, koma ndizowona kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zopha anthu. gulu lankhondo kunja kwa malo otsutsana, kunja kwa bwalo lankhondo, ndi mlandu wankhondo. Zingatanthauze kuti ngakhale kukhala ndi chida chomwe chimagwira ntchito pamalo osatsutsika ndi mlandu, nawonso.

Imfa za akapolo awiri akumadzulo, mbadwa ya ku America, ndizomvetsa chisoni, koma osatinso imfa ya zikwi za ana a Yemeni, Pakistani, Afghan, Somalia ndi Libyan, amayi ndi amuna omwe anaphedwa ndi drones omwewa. Purezidenti ndi mlembi wake wa atolankhani akutitsimikizira kuti zomwe zidachitika ku Pakistan Januware watha "zikugwirizana kwathunthu ndi malangizo omwe timayendera pothana ndi uchigawenga," monga mwanthawi zonse. Zikuoneka kuti m’malingaliro a pulezidenti, imfa ndi yomvetsa chisoni pamene zadziwika kuti anthu akumadzulo omwe si Asilamu akuphedwa.

"Monga Purezidenti komanso Mtsogoleri Wamkulu, ndimatenga udindo wonse pazochitika zathu zonse zolimbana ndi uchigawenga, kuphatikizapo zomwe zinapha miyoyo ya Warren ndi Giovanni mosadziwa," adatero Purezidenti Obama. April 23. Kuyambira pomwe Purezidenti Ronald Reagan adatenga udindo wonse wa mgwirizano wa zida za Iran-Contra mpaka pano, zikuwonekeratu kuti kuvomereza udindo wapulezidenti kumatanthauza kuti palibe amene adzayimbidwe mlandu komanso kuti palibe chomwe chidzasinthe. Udindo womwe Purezidenti Obama amavomereza kwa anthu awiri okha omwe adazunzidwa ndi wochepa kwambiri kuti aganizire, komanso kupepesa kwake pang'ono, ndikunyoza kukumbukira kwawo. M'masiku ano akuzemba boma komanso kuchita mantha ndi boma, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale ena omwe amatenga udindo wonse kwa onse omwe aphedwa ndikuchitapo kanthu kuti aletse ziwawa zosasamala komanso zoyambitsa ziwawa.

Patatha masiku asanu chilengezo cha pulezidenti cha kupha a Weinstein ndi Lo Porto, pa Epulo 28, ndinali ndi mwayi wokhala ku California ndi gulu lodzipereka la omenyera ufulu wa anthu kunja kwa Beale Air Force Base, kunyumba ya Global Hawk surveillance drone. Anthu khumi ndi asanu ndi mmodzi aife adamangidwa ndikutsekereza khomo lolowera kumunsi, ndikutchula mayina a ana omwe adaphedwanso pakuwukira kwa drone koma popanda kupepesa kwa Purezidenti kapena, chifukwa chake, kuvomereza kulikonse kuti adamwalira. Pa Meyi 17, ndinali ndi gulu lina la olimbana ndi ma drone ku Whiteman Air Force Base ku Missouri komanso koyambirira kwa Marichi, m'chipululu cha Nevada ndi anthu opitilira XNUMX okana kuphedwa kwa ma drone ochokera ku Creech Air Force Base. Nzika zodalirika zikuchita ziwonetsero pamabwalo a drone ku Wisconsin, Michigan, Iowa, New York ku RAF Waddington ku United Kingdom, ku likulu la CIA ku Langley, Virginia, ku White House ndi zochitika zina zamilandu iyi yolimbana ndi anthu.

Ku Yemen ndi ku Pakistan nakonso, anthu akulankhula motsutsana ndi kuphana komwe kumachitika m'maiko awo komanso zomwe zili pachiwopsezo chachikulu kwa iwo eni. Maloya a Reprieve ndi European Center for Constitutional and Human Rights asumira kukhothi ku Germany, ponena kuti boma la Germany laphwanya malamulo ake polola dziko la US kugwiritsa ntchito satellite relay station ku Ramstein Air Base ku Germany pamilandu yakupha anthu othawa kwawo ku Germany. Yemen.

Mwina tsiku lina Purezidenti Obama adzayimbidwa mlandu wakupha kumeneku. Pakali pano, udindo umene iye ndi utsogoleri wake amachitira shirk ndi wa ife tonse. Iye sangakhoze kubisala kuseri kwa chifunga cha nkhondo ndipo ifenso sitingathe kubisala.

Brian Terrell ndi wogwirizira wa Voices for Creative Nonviolence komanso wotsogolera zochitika pa Nevada Desert Experience.Brian@vcnv.org>