Kufalikira ndi Kupereka Ndalama Maphunziro a Mtendere ndi Kafukufuku Wamtendere

(Ili ndi gawo 59 la World Beyond War pepala woyera A Global Security System: An Alternative Nkhondo. Pitirizani ku yapitayi | zotsatirazi gawo.)

Kwa zaka zambiri tinaphunzira za nkhondo, ndikuganizira kwambiri momwe tingagonjetsere. Monga momwe mbiri yakale yambiri yakale inanenera kuti panalibe mbiri yakale kapena mbiriyakale ya amayi, moteronso iwo ankatsutsa kuti palibe mbiri monga mtendere. Anthu anali atalephera kuganizira za mtendere mpaka madera atsopano a kafukufuku wamtendere ndi maphunziro a mtendere adayambitsidwa pangozi yomwe inali Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse ndipo inapita patsogolo mu 1980s dziko litayandikira kuwonongeka kwa nyukiliya. Kwa zaka zambiri, pakhala kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa chidziwitso chokhudza mtendere. Mabungwe monga Bungwe la Research Research (PRIO), bungwe lodziimira payekha, la mayiko onse ku Oslo, Norway, kufufuza zochitika za mtendere pakati pa mayiko, magulu ndi anthu.^note8 PRIO imatchula mchitidwe watsopano wa nkhondo ndi mayankho a nkhondo zankhondo kuti amvetse momwe anthu amakhudzidwira ndi kulimbana nawo ndipo amaphunzira maziko okhazikika a mtendere, kufunafuna mayankho ku mafunso monga chifukwa chake nkhondo zimapezeka, zimakhala bwanji, Kodi zimatengera chiyani kuti mukhale mtendere wodekha? Iwo afalitsa Journal of Research Research kwa zaka 50.

Chimodzimodzinso, SIPRI, ku Sweden International Research Research Institute, akuchita kafukufuku wambiri ndikufalitsa pazitsutso ndi mtendere padziko lonse lapansi. Webusaiti yawo imati:^note9

SIPRI imasindikiza maziko angapo a deta ndipo yatulutsa mazana a mabuku, zilembo, mapepala enieni, ndi malemba kuchokera ku 1969.

The Bungwe la United States la Mtendere idakhazikitsidwa ndi Congress ku 1984 ngati bungwe lokhazikitsidwa ndi bungwe lodziimira okhazikika lomwe likugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi boma lopanda chitetezo choletsedwa komanso kuthetsa mikangano yoopsa kunja.^note10 Amathandizira zochitika, amapereka maphunziro ndi maphunziro ndi zolemba kuphatikizapo Chida Chothandizira Pachifundo. Mwatsoka, bungwe la US la Mtendere silinadziŵikepo kuti limatsutsa nkhondo za ku America. Koma mabungwe onsewa ndi ofunika kwambiri pofuna kufalitsa kumvetsetsa za mtendere.

Kuwonjezera pa mabungwe awa mu mtendere kufufuza mabungwe ena ambiri monga International Peace Research Association^note11 kapena masayunivesite akuthandizira kufufuza ndi kufalitsa magazini ngati awa Kroc Institute ku Notre Dame, ndi zina. Mwachitsanzo,

Mabungwe awa ndi ochepa chabe a mabungwe ndi anthu omwe akufufuza kafukufuku wamtendere. Taphunzira zambiri za momwe tingakhalire ndi mtendere muzaka makumi asanu zapitazo. Tili pamsinkhu wa mbiri ya anthu komwe tinganene motsimikiza kuti timadziwa njira zabwino komanso zogwira mtima pa nkhondo ndi chiwawa. Ntchito zambiri zapangitsa kuti pakhale chitukuko komanso kukula kwa maphunziro a mtendere.

Maphunziro a Mtendere tsopano akuphatikizapo magawo onse a maphunziro kuchokera ku sukulu ya sukulu kudzera mu maphunziro a udokotala. Masukulu ambiri a koleji amapereka maofesi, aang'ono ndi mapulogalamu ovomerezeka mu maphunziro a mtendere. Pa yunivesite ya Mtendere ndi Chilungamo Studies Association amasonkhanitsa ochita kafukufuku, aphunzitsi ndi omenyera mtendere pamisonkhano ndikusindikiza magazini, Mtendere wa Nyama, ndipo amapereka maziko othandizira. Curricula ndi maphunziro awonjezeka ndipo amaphunzitsidwa ngati maphunziro apadera pa magawo onse. Kuphatikiza apo, malo atsopano atsopano apangidwa kuphatikizapo mazana a mabuku, zolemba, mavidiyo ndi mafilimu onena za mtendere omwe alipo tsopano kwa anthu onse.

(Pitirizani ku yapitayi | zotsatirazi gawo.)

Tikufuna kumva kuchokera kwa inu! (Chonde lankhulani ndemanga pansipa)

Izi zawatsogolera bwanji inu kuganiza mosiyana za njira zina zankhondo?

Kodi mungawonjezere, kapena kusintha, kapena kukayikira za izi?

Kodi mungatani kuti muthandize anthu ambiri kumvetsetsa za njirazi?

Kodi mungachite bwanji kuti izi zitheke ku nkhondo?

Chonde mugawane nkhaniyi!

Zolemba zofanana

Onani zina zotsatizana nazo “Kupanga Chikhalidwe cha Mtendere”

Onani Mndandanda wa Zamkatimu A Global Security System: An Alternative Nkhondo

zolemba:
8. http://www.prio.org/ (bwererani ku nkhani yaikulu)
9. http://www.sipri.org/ (bwererani ku nkhani yaikulu)
10. http://www.usip.org/ (bwererani ku nkhani yaikulu)
11. Kuwonjezera pa bungwe la International Peace Research Association, pali mayiko asanu omwe amagwirizanitsa mtendere m'mayiko ena: Africa Peace Research Association, Asia-Pacific Peace Research Association, Latin America Peace Research Association, European Peace Research Association, ndi North American Peace and Justice Studies Association . (bwererani ku nkhani yaikulu)