Chithovu chodzaza ndi PFAS chimadutsa St. Inigoes Creek kuchokera ku Webster Field. Chithunzi - Jan. 2021
Ndi Pat Elder, World BEYOND War, April 15, 2021
Patuxent River Naval Air Station (Pax River) ndi Naval Facilities Engineering Systems Command (NAVFAC) anena kuti madzi apansi panthaka ya Pax River's Webster Outlying Field ku St. Inigoes, MD ili ndi magawo 84,757 pa trilioni (ppt) ya Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, (PFOS ). The poizoni anapezeka ku Building 8076 amatchedwanso Fire Station 3. Mulingo wa kawopsedwe ndi 1,200 nthawi 70 ppt federali malangizo.
Madzi apansi panthaka ndi madzi ochokera kumtunda oyendetsa sitima zapamadzi amalowa mu St. Inigoes Creek, mtunda waufupi ndi Mtsinje wa Potomac ndi Chesapeake Bay.
Mankhwalawa amalumikizidwa ndi khansa yambiri, zovuta za fetus, ndi matenda aubwana.
Navy idanenanso ziwerengero zonse za PFOS pagawo lalikulu la Pax River ku 35,787.16 ppt. Kuwonongeka uko kumatsikira mumtsinje wa Patuxent ndi Chesapeake Bay.
Zokambirana za kuipitsidwa m'malo onsewa ziperekedwa kwa anthu pamsonkhano womwe udalengezedwa mwachangu msonkhano wa NAS Patuxent River Restoration Advisory Board (RAB) womwe udzachitike pa Epulo 28th, kuyambira 6:00 pm mpaka 7:00 pm, Navy yalengeza pa Epulo 12th . Asitikali apamadzi sananene za milingo ya PFAS m'madzi apamtunda.
Woyendetsa sitimayo akufuna mafunso kuchokera pagulu za PFAS ku Pax River ndi Webster Field kudzera pa imelo ku pax_rab@navy.mil Mafunso omwe atumizidwa ndi imelo adzalandiridwa mpaka Lachisanu, Epulo 16. Onani zomwe atolankhani a Navy apanga Pano. Onaninso za Navy Kuyendera Kwa PFAS PDF. Chikalatacho chili ndi chidziwitso chatsopano kuchokera kumasamba onsewa. Msonkhano wa ola limodzi uphatikizira mwachidule zotsatira zatsopano ndi gawo la mafunso ndi mayankho ndi nthumwi zochokera ku navy, US Environmental Protection Agency, ndi Dipatimenti Yachilengedwe ya Maryland.
Anthu atha kulowa nawo msonkhano wawo podina Pano.
Webster Field ili pamtunda wa makilomita 12 kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Pax River ku St. Mary's County, MD, pafupifupi 75 mamailosi kumwera kwa Washington.
Kuwonongeka kwa PFAS ku Webster Field
Webster Field ili pachilumba pakati pa St. Inigoes Creek ndi St. Mary's River, yomwe imathandizira Potomac. Webster Outlying Field yolumikizira ili kunyumba ya Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division, pamodzi ndi Coast Guard Station St. Inigoes, komanso gawo limodzi la Maryland Army National Guard.
Kumanga 8076 kuli moyandikana ndi malo amadzimadzi opanga ma foam (AFFF) Crash Truck Maintenance Area pomwe magalimoto omwe amagwiritsa ntchito thovu lomwe lili ndi PFAS amayesedwa pafupipafupi. Tsambali lili pamtunda wosakwana 200 mita kuchokera ku St. Inigoes Creek. Mchitidwewu, malinga ndi Navy, udatha mu 1990's, ngakhale kuponderezana kukupitilizabe. Magulu apamwamba a PFAS omwe adanenedwa posachedwa ndi umboni wa mphamvu yakukhala komwe kumatchedwa "mankhwala kwamuyaya."
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Firehouse 3 Webster Munda
Kuwerengedwa Kwambiri
Zowonjezera
Zolemba pa PFOA 2,816.04
Zida za PFBS 4,804.83
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Dontho labuluu likuwonetsa komwe mayeso amadzi adachitika mu February, 2020. Dontho lofiira limawonetsa komwe AFFF itayika.
Mu February, 2020 ndinayesa madzi pagombe langa ku St. Inigoes Creek ku St. Mary's City kwa PFAS. Zotsatira zomwe ndidasindikiza zinadabwitsa anthu ammudzi. Madzi adawonetsedwa kuti ali ndi 1,894.3 ppt yonse ya PFAS ndi 1,544.4 ppt ya PFOS. Anthu 275 adadzaza mu Laxington Park Library koyambirira kwa Marichi, 2020, mliriwu usanachitike, kuti amve asitikali akuteteza kugwiritsa ntchito PFAS.
Ambiri anali okhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mtundu wamadzi m'mitsinje ndi mitsinje ndi Chesapeake Bay kuposa madzi akumwa. Iwo anali ndi mafunso ambiri opanda mayankho apanyanja. Iwo anali ndi nkhawa ndi nsomba za m'madzi zomwe zawonongeka.
Zotsatira izi zidapangidwa ndi University of Michigan's Biological Laboratory pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya EPA 537.1.
Navy idangoyesa PFOS, PFOA, ndi PFBS. Imalephera kuthana ndi mitundu ina ya 11 ya ma PFAS owopsa omwe amapezeka ku St. Inigoes Creek: PFHxA, PFHpA, PFHxS, PFNA, PFDA, PFUnA, PFDoA, PFTrDA, PFTA, N-MeFOSAA, NEtFOSAA. M'malo mwake, a Patrick Gordon, a NAS Patuxent River Public Affairs Officer adakayikira "zowona komanso kulondola" kwa zotsatirazi.
Uwu ndiye makina osindikizira makhothi athunthu. Akatswiri azachilengedwe samakhala ndi mwayi wambiri poyesera kuchenjeza anthu za zoopsa za poizoni. Navy akufuna kuti asiyidwe yekha. Dipatimenti Yachilengedwe ya Maryland siziwononga ndipo ndiofunitsitsa kutero wonama mbiri yakudetsa. Dipatimenti ya zaumoyo ku Maryland yabwerera ku Navy. A County Commissioners sakutsogolera izi. A Senator Cardin ndi Van Hollen sanakhale chete, ngakhale Rep. Steny Hoyer posachedwa awonetsa zisonyezo za moyo pankhaniyi. Masamba amawona kuwopseza moyo wawo.
Poyankha zomwe zapezedwa chaka chatha, Ira May, yemwe amayang'anira kuyeretsa malo ku federal ku Dipatimenti Yachilengedwe ya Maryland, adauza Bay Journal kuipitsidwa komweko mumtsinje, "ngati kuliko," kungakhale ndi gwero lina. Mankhwalawa amapezeka m'malo otayidwa pansi, adatinso, komanso mu biosolids komanso malo omwe anthu wamba amapumira moto thovu. "Chifukwa chake, pali zambiri zomwe zingachitike," atero a May. "Tangoyamba kumene kuyang'ana zonsezi."
Kodi munthu wapamwamba m'boma anali kuphimba gulu lankhondo? Malo ozimitsira moto ku Valley Lee ndi Ridge ali pamtunda wamakilomita pafupifupi asanu, pomwe malo otayilako pafupi kwambiri ndi 11 miles kutali. Nyanja yanga ndi 1,800 mapazi kuchokera kutulutsidwa kwa AFFF.
Ndikofunika kuti mumvetsetse fayilo ya tsoka ndi zoyendera wa PFAS. Sayansi sinakhazikike. Ndapeza 1,544 ppt ya PFOS pomwe madzi apansi panthaka ya Webster Field anali ndi 84,000 ppt ya PFOS. Gombe lathu limakhala kumpoto chakumpoto chakumpoto chakum'mawa kwa mphepo pomwe mphepo yamkuntho imawomba kuchokera kumwera chakumwera chakumadzulo - ndiye kuti, kuyambira pansi mpaka pagombe lathu. Thovu limasonkhana ndi mafunde masiku ambiri. Nthawi zina thovu limakhala laphazi ndipo limakhala louluka. Mafunde akakwera kwambiri thovu limatha.
Pakadutsa maola 1-2 kuchokera pamafunde akuya, thovu limasungunuka limakhala m'madzi, ngati thovu lonyamula mbale lomwe latsala lokhalo mosambira. Nthawi zina timatha kuwona mzere wa thovu ukuyamba kupangika pomwe umagunda shelufu yamtsinje. (Mutha kuwona kusiyanasiyana kwa kuya kwa madzi mu chithunzi cha Kanema pamwambapa.) Kwa pafupifupi 400 mapazi madzi omwe ali kutsogolo kwanyumba yathu amakhala pafupifupi 3-4 mita kuzama kwamadzi otsika. Kenako, mwadzidzidzi imagwera mpaka 20-25 mapazi. Ndipamene thovu limayamba kumanga ndikusunthira kunyanja.
Palinso zifukwa zina zofunika kuziganizira ponena za tsogolo ndi mayendedwe a PFAS m'madzi. Pongoyambira, PFOS ndiye wamkulu wosambira wa PFAS ndipo amatha kuyenda maulendo ataliatali m'madzi apansi panthaka komanso m'madzi apamtunda. Komabe, PFOA ndiyokhazikika ndipo imakonda kuipitsa nthaka, zokolola zaulimi, ng'ombe, ndi nkhuku. PFOS imayenda m'madzi, monga zikuwonekera mu zotsatira za University of Michigan.
Zotsatira zanga zamadzi zitasokonezedwa ndi boma Ndidayesa nsomba zam'nyanja kuchokera pamtsinje wa PFAS. Oyster amapezeka kuti ali ndi 2,070 ppt; nkhanu zinali ndi 6,650 ppt; ndipo rockfish idadetsedwa ndi 23,100 ppt ya zinthuzo.
Izi ndi poizoni. Pulogalamu ya Magulu Ogwira Ntchito Zachilengedwe akuti tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pansi pa 1 ppt tsiku lililonse m'madzi akumwa. Chofunika kwambiri, European Food Safety Authority imati 86% ya PFAS mwa anthu ndi chakudya chomwe amadya, makamaka nsomba.
Dziko la Michigan anayesa nsomba 2,841 mankhwala osiyanasiyana a PFAS ndipo adapeza fayilo ya pafupifupi nsomba munali 93,000 ppt. ya PFOS yokha. Pakadali pano, boma limachepetsa madzi akumwa ku 16 ppt - pomwe anthu ali omasuka kudya nsomba ndi poizoni wochulukirapo. The 23,100 ppt yopezeka mu rockfish yathu imawoneka ngati yotsika poyerekeza ndi avareji yaku Michigan, koma Webster Field siibasi yayikulu ndipo sitha kuthandiza omenyera nkhondo a Navy, ngati F-35. Makina akuluakulu amakhala ndi ma PFAS apamwamba.
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“Ndizodabwitsa kuti nyanja, yomwe moyo unayambira tsopano uyenera kuopsezedwa ndi zochitika za mtundu umodzi wamoyowo. Koma nyanja, ngakhale yasinthidwa moyipa, ipitilizabe kukhalapo; zoopsezazo ndizo moyo weniweniwo. ”
- Rachel Carson, Nyanja Yotizungulira
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Ngakhale asitikali apamadzi akuti, "Palibe njira yodziwikiratu yomwe anthu angatulukire kuchokera ku PFAS kupita kapena kutsegulira," amangoganiza za madzi akumwa, ndipo izi zitha kutsutsidwa. Nyumba zambiri mdera la African American Hermanville, lomwe limadutsa mbali zakumadzulo ndi kumwera kwa mtsinje wa Pax, zimathandizidwa ndi madzi abwino. Woyendetsa sitimayo wakana kuyesa zitsimezi, ponena kuti PFAS yonse kuchokera kumunsi imathamangira ku Chesapeake Bay.
Wankhondo akuti, "Njira yosamukira ku zolandilira zomwe zimapezeka pafupi ndi malire amalire kudzera zitsime zamadzi sizikuwoneka ngati zangwiro potengera madzi apansi komanso madzi apansi panthaka. Malangizo oyenda atolankhani awiriwa akuchoka kumadera achinsinsi omwe ali kumadzulo ndi kumwera kwa Station ndipo njira yolowera ikulowera ku Patuxent River ndi Chesapeake Bay kumpoto ndi kum'mawa. ”
Asitikali apamadzi samayesa zitsime za anthu ammudzi chifukwa amati poizoni wonse akukhamukira munyanja. Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ku St. Mary's akuti ikukhulupirira zomwe asitikali apeza pazokhudza poizoni.
Chonde, yesetsani kupita kumsonkhano wa RAB womwe udzachitike pa Epulo 28, kuyambira 6:00 pm mpaka 7:00 pm. Onani malangizo olowa nawo pamsonkhano Pano.
Woyendetsa sitimayo akufuna mafunso kuchokera pagulu za PFAS ku Pax River ndi Webster Field kudzera pa imelo ku pax_rab@navy.mil Mafunso otumizidwa ndi imelo adzalandiridwa mpaka Lachisanu, Epulo 16.
Nawa zitsanzo zingapo za mafunso:
- Kodi ndibwino kudya rockfish?
- Kodi ndibwino kudya nkhanu?
- Kodi ndibwino kudya nkhono?
- Kodi nsomba zina zili ngati banga ndi nsomba zili bwino kudya?
- Kodi nyama ya nswala ndiyabwino kudya? (Aletsedwa pafupi ndi Wurtsmuth AFB ku Michigan yomwe ili ndi ma PFAS ochepa m'madzi apansi panthaka kuposa St. Inigoes Creek.)
- Mukayesa liti nsomba ndi nyama zamtchire?
- Mumagona bwanji usiku?
- Kodi madzi abwino mkati mwa 5 mamailosi oyikapo mulibe ma PFAS ochokera pansi?
- Chifukwa chiyani simukuyesera mitundu yonse ya PFAS?
- Kodi mukusunga PFAS yochuluka motani pakadali pano?
- Lembani njira zonse zomwe PFAS imagwiritsidwira ntchito pamunsi komanso momwe mumagwiritsira ntchito.
- Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pazofalitsa zodetsedwa pamunsi? Kodi ndi nthaka? Kodi zimatumizidwa kuti zikawotchedwe? Kapena imasiyidwa m'malo mwake?
- Kodi ndi ndalama zingati zomwe PFAS imatumizidwa ku Marlay-Taylor Wastewater Reclamation Facility kuti ikaponyedwe mu Big Pine Run yomwe imalowetsa mnyanjayo?
- Kodi zimatheka bwanji kuti Hangar 2133 ku Pax River inali ndi kuwerengera kotsika kodabwitsa kwa PFOS ku 135.83 ppt? Pakhala pali kutulutsidwa kambiri kwa AFFF mu 2002, 2005, ndi 2010 kuchokera ku njira yopondereza ku hangar. Pa chochitika chimodzi kamodzi dongosolo lonselo lidachoka. AFFF imatha kuwonedwa pansi pa mphepo yamkuntho yomwe ikutsogolera ngalandeyo ndikupita kunyanja.
