Khazikikani ku Canada Mpaka Ikuthana ndi Vuto Lake Nkhondo, Mafuta, ndi Kuphedwa Kwa Amitundu

Ndi David Swanson, Mtsogoleri Woyang'anira World BEYOND War

Amwenye ku Canada akupatsa dziko lapansi chiwonetsero cha mphamvu zosachita zachiwawa. Chilungamo chazifukwa zawo - kuteteza nthaka kwa iwo omwe angauwononge chifukwa cha phindu lalifupi komanso kuthetsedwa kwa nyengo padziko lapansi - kuphatikiza kulimba mtima kwawo komanso kusakhala ndi nkhanza kapena chidani, zitha kupanga mayendedwe okulirapo, omwe ndichinsinsi chakuchita bwino.

Ichi ndi chiwonetsero chachilendo kuposa njira yapamwamba kuposa nkhondo, osati chifukwa zida zankhondo zoyankhidwira ku Canada zitha kugonjetsedwa ndi kukana kwa anthu omwe sanagonjetsedwe kapena kudzipereka, komanso chifukwa boma la Canada likhoza kukwaniritsa Cholinga chake ndi padziko lonse lapansi potsatira njira yofananira, kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito nkhondo pazomwe amati ndizothandiza anthu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira zothandizira anthu. Kupanda tsankho kumangokhala mwayi wopambana m'mabanja ndi m'maiko ena kuposa chiwawa. Nkhondo si chida chopewera koma cholozera mapasa ake amodzi, kuphana.

Zachidziwikire, anthu akomweko ku "British Columbia," monga padziko lonse lapansi, akuwonetseranso zina, kwa iwo omwe amasangalala kuziwona: njira yokhazikika padziko lapansi, njira ina yopewera nkhanza zapadziko lapansi, kugwiririra ndi kupha dziko - ntchito yolumikizana kwambiri ndi kugwiritsa ntchito nkhanza kwa anthu.

Boma la Canada, monga oyandikana nawo akumwera, ali ndi chizolowezi chosadziwika chavuto lankhondo la nkhondo. Pomwe a Donald Trump akuti akufuna asitikali ku Syria kuti akabe mafuta, kapena a John Bolton ati Venezuela ikufunika kopanda ndalama kuti ibebe mafuta, ndikungovomereza kupitilizidwa kwadziko lonse kwa ntchito yosatha yakuba North America.

Tawonani kuwukira kwa gasi m'malo osawonongedwa ku Canada, kapena khoma kumalire a Mexico, kapena kulanda Palestine, kapena kuwonongedwa kwa Yemen, kapena nkhondo "yayitali kwambiri" ku Afghanistan (yomwe ndi yayitali kwambiri chifukwa omwe amazunzidwa kwambiri ku nkhondo yaku North America sawonedwa ngati anthu enieni okhala ndi mayiko enieni omwe chiwonongeko chawo chimawoneka ngati nkhondo zenizeni), ndipo mukuwona chiyani? Mukuwona zida zomwezo, zida zomwezo, chiwonongeko chopanda tanthauzo komanso nkhanza, komanso phindu lalikulu lomwe likungoyenderera m'matumba omwewo a omwe amapindulira ndi magazi ndi kuzunzika - mabungwe omwe adzagulitse mopanda manyazi malonda awo pa ziwonetsero za zida za CANSEC ku Ottawa mu Meyi.

Zopindulitsa zambiri masiku ano zimachokera kunkhondo zakutali zomwe zimamenyedwa ku Africa, Middle East, ndi Asia, koma nkhondozi zimayendetsa ukadaulo ndi mapangano komanso zomwe akatswiri ankhondo akumenya nkhondo omwe amalimbikitsa apolisi m'malo ngati North America. Nkhondo zomwezi (nthawi zonse zimamenyera "ufulu," inde) nazonso sokoneza chikhalidwe kulandila kuvomereza kuphwanyidwa kwa ufulu wofunikila mdzina la "chitetezo cha dziko" ndi ziganizo zina zopanda tanthauzo. Izi zikuwonjezeredwa chifukwa chakusokonekera kwa mzere pakati pa nkhondo ndi apolisi, popeza nkhondo zimakhala ntchito zopanda malire, zida zoponyera zida zankhondo zakupha, komanso omenyera nkhondo - omenyera nkhondo, omenyera ufulu wotsutsa, omenyera nkhondo - amakhala m'gulu la zigawenga komanso adani.

Sikuti nkhondo yoposa 100 zokha mwinamwake komwe kuli mafuta kapena gasi (ndipo palibenso njira ina pomwe kuli uchigawenga kapena kuphwanya ufulu wa anthu kapena kusowa kwazinthu kapena chilichonse chomwe anthu amakonda kudziwuza amayambitsa nkhondo) koma kukonzekera nkhondo ndikutsogolera ogwiritsa ntchito mafuta ndi gasi. Sikuti zachiwawa zimangofunika kubera mpweya kumaiko achilengedwe, koma mpweyawo uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ziwawa zochulukirapo, pomwe zikuthandizira kupangitsa kuti nyengo yapadziko lapansi ikhale yosayenerera moyo wamunthu. Pomwe mtendere ndi chilengedwe nthawi zambiri zimawoneka ngati zolekanitsidwa, komanso zankhondo zimasiyidwa pamgwirizano wazachilengedwe komanso zokambirana zachilengedwe, nkhondo ilidi wowongolera owononga zachilengedwe. Mukuganiza amene adangoponyera ndalama kudutsa US Congress kuti alole zida zonse ndi mapaipi ku Kupro? Exxon-Mobil.

Solararity of the ende ende the imprisism of the Western ndi chatsopano kwambiri ndi gwero lalikulu la chilungamo mdziko lapansi.

Koma ndinanenanso za vuto la kupha anthu amtundu wathupi. Kodi izi zikugwirizana chiani ndi kupulula anthu? Chabwino, chiwawa ndi “kuchitidwa kuti awononge, kwathunthu kapena mbali yake, gulu, fuko, mtundu, kapena gulu lachipembedzo.” Mchitidwe wotere ungaphatikizepo kupha, kuba, kapena zonse ziwiri kapena ayi. Machitidwe oterewa "sangawononge" munthu. Itha kukhala imodzi, kapena zopitilira chimodzi, mwa zinthu zisanu izi:

(a) Kupha mamembala a gululi;
(b) Kuvulaza kwambiri thupi kapena malingaliro kwa mamembala;
(c) Kuphwanya dala zinthu zomwe zimawerengedwa kuti ziwononge thupi lathunthu kapena mbali yake;
(d) Kupanga njira zothetsera kubereka mkati mwa gululo;
(e) Kusamutsa ana a gululi mokakamiza.

Akuluakulu ambiri aku Canada azaka zapitazo zanenedwa momveka bwino kuti cholinga cha pulogalamu yochotsa ana ku Canada chinali kuthetsa zikhalidwe za Amwenye, kuthetsa "vuto laku India". Kuti titsimikizire mlandu wakupha anthu sizitengera kunena kwa cholinga, koma pakadali pano, monga ku Germany ya Nazi, monga ku Palestine masiku ano, komanso momwe zilili nthawi zambiri, sizikusoweka kufotokozera zakupha anthu. Komabe, chomwe chimafunikira mwalamulo ndi zotsatira zakuphana, ndipo ndizomwe munthu angayembekezere pakubera malo a anthu kuti awonongeke, awiphe poizoni, kuti akhale osakhalamo.

Panganoli loletsa kuphedwa kwa anthu likulembedwanso mu 1947, nthawi yomweyo pomwe a Nazi anali kuimbidwabe mlandu, ndipo asayansi aku US akuyesera ku Guatemalans ndi syphilis, "aphunzitsi" aku Canada "akuchita" zoyeserera zakudya " Ana - kutanthauza kuti: 'Afa ndi njala.' Kukonzekera koyambirira kwa lamulo latsopanoli kunaphatikizaponso upandu wa kuphana kwamtundu wina. Ngakhale izi zidavulidwa pakukulimbikitsidwa kwa Canada ndi United States, idakhalabe yamtundu wa "e" pamwambapa. Canada idavomeranso panganoli, ngakhale adawopseza kuwonjezera zomwe lidasungidwa, sizinachite izi. Koma Canada idakhazikitsa malamulo apakhomo pokhapokha ngati "a" ndi "c" - kungosiyira "b," "d," ndi "e" pamndandanda womwe uli pamwambowu, ngakhale kuli kovomerezeka Ngakhale United States yatero zinaphatikizapo zomwe Canada idachotsa.

Canada iyenera kutsekedwa (monganso United States) mpaka itazindikira kuti ili ndi vuto ndikuyamba kukonza njira zake. Ndipo ngakhale Canada sikuyenera kutsekedwa, CANSEC iyenera kutsekedwa.

CANSEC ndi imodzi mwazida zazikulu kwambiri pachaka ku North America. Nazi momwe zimafotokozera, ndi mndandanda wazowonetsa, ndi mndandanda wa mamembala a Canadian Association of Defense and Security Viwanda chomwe chimagwira CANSEC.

CANSEC imathandizira ntchito yaku Canada ngati wogulitsa zida zazikulu kudziko lapansi, ndipo chida chachiwiri chachikulu kwambiri chotumizira ku Middle East. Momwemonso umbuli. Chakumapeto kwa 1980s otsutsa kwa oyang'anira a CANSEC otchedwa ARMX adapanga media zambiri. Zotsatira zake zinali kuzindikira kwatsopano kwa anthu, zomwe zinayambitsa kuletsedwa kwa ziwonetsero zankhondo pazinthu zamzinda ku Ottawa, zomwe zidatenga zaka 20.

Kusiyana komwe kudasiyidwa ndi kufalitsa nkhani pa zida zankhondo zaku Canada kwadzaza ndi zonena zabodza zonena kuti dziko la Canada lidasunga mtendere komanso kutenga nawo mbali pankhondo zodziwikiratu, komanso zifukwa zosavomerezeka zankhondo zomwe zimatchedwa "udindo woteteza."

M'malo mwake, Canada ndiogulitsa komanso kugulitsa zida ndi zida, pomwe makasitomala ake awiri apamwamba ndi United States ndi Saudi Arabia. United States ndi yapadziko lonse lapansi wotsogola ndi wogulitsa zida, zina mwa zida zake zimakhala ndimagulu aku Canada. Owonetsa ku CANSEC akuphatikiza makampani azida ochokera ku Canada, United States, United Kingdom, ndi kwina.

Pali kusamvana pakati pa mayiko olemera omwe akugwiritsa ntchito zida ndi mayiko omwe nkhondo zimamenyedwa. Zida za US nthawi zambiri zimapezeka mbali zonse ziwiri za nkhondo, kupereka chipongwe pankhani iliyonse yankhondoyi pazogulitsa zidazi.

Webusayiti ya CANSEC 2020 ikunena kuti atolankhani a 44 akumayiko, akunja, komanso akunja apita kukalimbikitsa zida zankhondo. Pangano Lapadziko Lonse Lokhudza Ufulu Wachibadwidwe ndi Ndale, lomwe Canada lakhala likuchita nawo kuyambira 1976, likuti "Mabodza aliwonse okhudza nkhondo adzaletsedwa ndi lamulo."

Zida zomwe zawonetsedwa ku CANSEC zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza kuphwanya malamulo olimbana ndi nkhondo, monga UN Charter ndi Kellogg-Briand Pact - kawirikawiri ndi oyandikana nawo akumwera ku Canada. CANSEC amathanso kuphwanya Lamulo la Roma la International Criminal Court polimbikitsa zankhanza. Nazi lipoti pazogulitsa zaku Canada zomwe zidatumizidwa ku United States zida zankhondo zomwe zidayamba ku 2003 ku Iraq. Nazi lipoti Pogwiritsa ntchito zida zankhondo ku Canada pankhondo ija.

Zida zomwe zikuwonetsedwa ku CANSEC sizigwiritsidwa ntchito pophwanya malamulo omenyera nkhondo komanso kuphwanya malamulo otchedwa nkhondo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti pamsonkhano wa zankhanza zambiri, komanso kuphwanya ufulu wa anthu omenyedwawo. a maboma opondereza. Canada amagulitsa zida kuti maboma ankhanza a Bahrain, Egypt, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, ndi Vietnam.

Canada ikhoza kukhala kuphwanya lamulo la Rome chifukwa chogulitsa zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pophwanya Malamulo amenewo. Izi zikutsutsana ndi United Nations Arms Trade Convention. Zida zaku Canada zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuphedwa kwa Saudi-US ku Yemen.

Mu 2015, Papa Francis adatinso pagulu lanyumba yamalamulo ku United States kuti, "Chifukwa chiyani zida zakupha zikugulitsidwa kwa iwo omwe akufuna kuchitira anthu anzawo zowawa zosaneneka? Zachisoni, yankho, monga tonse tikudziwa, limangokhala la ndalama: ndalama zothiridwa m'mwazi, nthawi zambiri magazi osalakwa. Pokhala chete chete, komanso ndi udindo wathu, ndi udindo wathu kuthana ndi vutoli ndikuletsa kugulitsa zida zankhondo. ”

Mgwirizano wapadziko lonse wa anthu ndi mabungwe azikhala akutembenukira ku Ottawa m'mwezi wa Meyi kuti anene kuti ayi kwa CANSEC ndi mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zimatchedwa NoWar2020.

Mwezi uno mayiko awiri, Iraq ndi Philippines, auza asitikali a United States kuti atuluke. Izi chimachitika nthawi zambiri kuposa momwe mungaganizire. Zochita izi ndi gawo limodzi la gulu lomwe likuuza apolisi ankhondo aku Canada kuti achoke mmaiko omwe alibe ufuluwo. Zochita zonse mgulu lino zitha kulimbikitsa ndi kudziwitsa ena onse.