Sungani Zogwiritsira Ntchito Gulu, Gwiritsani Ntchito Zachilengedwe Kuti Muzipereka Zothandizira Zosowa Zachikhalidwe (Economic Conversion)

(Ili ndi gawo 29 la World Beyond War pepala woyera A Global Security System: An Alternative Nkhondo. Pitirizani ku yapitayi | zotsatirazi gawo.)

Kuwonetsa chitetezo monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa kudzathetsa kufunikira kwa mapulogalamu ambiri a zida ndi zankhondo, kupereka mwayi kwa maboma ndi mabungwe ogonjera usilikali kuti asinthe zinthu zimenezi kuti apange chuma chenicheni pogwiritsa ntchito ndondomeko ya msika. Zingathenso kuchepetsa msonkho wolipirira msonkho pakati pa anthu ndikupanga ntchito zambiri. Ku US, ndalama zokwana $ 1 biliyoni zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku usilikali zoposa kawiri chiwerengero cha ntchito zingapangidwe ngati ndalama zomwezo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu a anthu.^note32 Zogulitsa za boma zosintha zomwe zimayambira patsogolo ndi ndalama za misonkho za US kuchoka kwa asilikali kupita ku mapulogalamu ena ndi zazikulu.^note33

Kugwiritsira ntchito "chitetezo" cha dziko ndi chilengedwe. Dziko la United States palokha likuposa mayiko ena a 15 kuphatikizapo asilikali ake.^note34

United States imagwiritsa ntchito ndalama za $ 1.3 trillion pachaka pa Pentagon Budget, zida za nyukiliya (mu Dipatimenti ya Zigawo za Mphamvu), ntchito za msilikali, CIA ndi Security Home.^note35 Dziko lonse lapansi limagwiritsa ntchito $ 2 trillion. Chiwerengero cha izi ndi zovuta kumvetsa. Onani kuti masekondi a 1 miliyoni ali ndi masiku 12, masekondi a 1 mabiliyoni ali ndi zaka 32, ndipo masekondi 1 trillion ali ndi zaka 32,000. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa ndalama zankhondo padziko lapansi sikukanatha kuteteza zipolowe za 9 / 11, kuchuluka kwa nyukiliya, kuthetsa uchigawenga, kapena kubweretsa demokarasi ku Iraq kapena mtendere ku Middle East. Ziribe kanthu ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa nkhondo, izo sizigwiranso ntchito.

Kugwiritsa ntchito asilikali kumakhudzanso mphamvu zachuma za dziko, monga momwe ananenera economist Adam Smith. Smith ananena kuti ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito usilikali zinali zopanda phindu. Zaka zambiri zapitazo, akatswiri azachuma amagwiritsira ntchito "katundu wa usilikali" mofanana ndi "ndalama zankhondo." Pakalipano, mafakitale a ku US amalandira ndalama zambiri kuchokera ku boma kusiyana ndi mafakitale onse ogwirizana angayambe. Ndalama zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi Pentagon zimaposa phindu lopangidwa ndi makampani onse a US. Kutumiza ndalama izi ku gawo la msika waufulu mwachindunji ndi ndalama zowatembenuza kapena kutsika misonkho kapena kulipira ngongole ya dziko (ndi ndalama zake zapadera zapachaka) zingayambe zowonjezera kwambiri pa chitukuko cha zachuma. Njira yopezera chitetezo kuphatikizapo zinthu zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa (ndi kuti zifotokozedwe m'magawo otsatirawa) zingagwiritse ntchito ndalama zochepa za bajeti zomwe zikuchitika panopo ndipo zikanalembera ndondomeko ya kutembenuka kwachuma. Kuwonjezera apo, izo zikhoza kupanga ntchito zambiri. Ndalama imodzi yokwana madola mabiliyoni a magulu akuluakulu a zachuma ku ntchito za 11,200 pomwe malonda omwewo mu chitukuko cha mphamvu zamagetsi adzapereka 16,800, kuchipatala 17,200 ndi maphunziro 26,700.^note36

Kutembenuka kwachuma kumafuna kusintha kwa teknoloji, zachuma ndi ndondomeko zandale za kusunthira kuchoka ku nkhondo kupita ku misika ya anthu. Ndi njira yosamutsira anthu ndi zakuthupi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chinthu chimodzi; mwachitsanzo, kutembenuka kuchokera kumangidwe kumanga njanji zamoto. Sizinsinsi: mafakitale apadera amachita nthawi zonse. Kutembenuza makampani a nkhondo kuti apangitse mankhwala ogwiritsira ntchito ntchito kudziko kungapangitse ku mphamvu zachuma za mtundu wina m'malo molepheretsa. Zomwe panopa zikugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida ndi kusunga zida zankhondo zidzakonzedwanso kumadera awiri. Zomwe zipangizo zogwirira ntchito zokhudzana ndi kayendetsedwe ka dziko zikufunikira nthawi zonse ndikukonzekera njira zoyendetsera kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe ka kayendedwe ka njira monga misewu, milatho, msewu wa sitima, magetsi, masukulu, madzi ndi njira zosungira madzi, komanso magetsi opititsa patsogolo. amadzazidwa ndi mafakitale opereka malipiro ochepa ndipo amadalira kwambiri ngongole ndi katundu wochokera kudziko lina omwe anagulitsidwa kunja kwawo, zomwe zimapangitsanso kuzimitsa mpweya m'mlengalenga. Mphepo zakale zitha kutembenuzidwira kumalo osungirako malonda ndi zitukuko za nyumba kapena makampani oyendetsa malonda kapena magetsi a dzuwa.

Zomwe zimalepheretsa kusintha kwachuma ndizoopa kuwonongeka kwa ntchito komanso kufunikira kubwezeretsa ntchito ndi kuyang'anira. Ntchito ziyenera kuonetsetsa kuti boma likubwezeretsanso, kapena njira zina zowonetsera ndalama zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa omwe akugwira nawo ntchito zamakono kuti asagwire ntchito yowonongeka pa chuma chosowa ntchito panthawi ya kusintha kwa nkhondo kupita ku nthawi yamtendere. Utsogoleri uyenera kubwezeretsedwa pamene akuchoka ku chuma chakulamulira kupita ku msika wa msika.

Kuti zinthu ziyendere bwino, kutembenuka kumafuna kukhala mbali ya ndondomeko yayikulu yandale yothetsera zida zankhondo ndipo izi zidzasowa kuti pakhale ndondomeko ya meta komanso thandizo lachuma komanso zolinga zamakono monga zigawo zogwirira ntchito zogwirira ntchito zoganizira kusintha ndi makampani kuti adziwe zomwe zingakhale zatsopano. msika waufulu. Izi zidzafuna ndalama zokhoma msonkho koma potsirizira pake zidzasunga zambiri kuposa momwe zimakhazikitsirako ntchito zowonjezereka monga momwe mayiko amathetsera kukwera kwachuma kwa ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi asilikali ndikuzibwezera ndi ndalama zopindulitsa za nthawi yamtendere zomwe zimapanga katundu wogula.

Mayesero apangidwa kuti apange lamulo la kutembenuka, monga Kusokonezeka kwa nyukiliya ndi kusintha kwachuma kwa 1999, lomwe limagwirizanitsa zida za nyukiliya ku kutembenuka.

Malamulo a mtundu woterewa amafunika kuthandizidwa ndi anthu kuti apite. Kupambana kungakulire kuchokera pazing'onozing'ono. Dziko la Connecticut lakhazikitsa ntchito yogwirira ntchito. Zina ndi malo ena angatsatire kutsogolera kwa Connecticut.

(Pitirizani ku yapitayi | zotsatirazi gawo.)

 

 

Tikufuna kumva kuchokera kwa inu! (Chonde lankhulani ndemanga pansipa)

Izi zawatsogolera bwanji inu kuganiza mosiyana za njira zina zankhondo?

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Kodi mungatani kuti muthandize anthu ambiri kumvetsetsa za njirazi?

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Chonde mugawane nkhaniyi!

Zolemba zofanana

Onani zina zotsatizana nazo “Chitetezo Chankhondo

Onani Mndandanda wa Zamkatimu A Global Security System: An Alternative Nkhondo

zolemba:
32. Kukonzekera mgwirizano wamakono kuti uchite izi kungaoneke pa Global Network yowononga zida ndi Nuclear Power In Space, pa http://www.space4peace.org. (bwererani ku nkhani yaikulu)
33. Ochita kafukufuku anapeza kuti kuyendetsa chuma, mphamvu zamankhwala ndi maphunziro kumapanga ntchito zochulukirapo pamadera onse oposa kulipira ndalama zomwezo ndi asilikali. Kwa phunziro lathunthu onani: Zotsatira za Ntchito za US Zomwe Zimagwiritsidwa Ntchito Pochita Zachimuna ndi Zanyumba Zofunika Kwambiri: Kukonzekera kwa 2011. (bwererani ku nkhani yaikulu)
34. Yesani kugwiritsa ntchito chida chogwiritsira ntchito chogwiritsira ntchito ndi National Priorities Project. (bwererani ku nkhani yaikulu)
35. Onani Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. (bwererani ku nkhani yaikulu)
36. Sungani chithunzi cha War Resisters League federal chart pie pa https://www.warresisters.org/sites/default/
files/2015%20pie%20chart%20-%20high%20res.pdf (bwererani ku nkhani yaikulu)