ndi Denise Oliver Velez, January 21, 2018, Daily Kos.
Mulu wa zida zamatabwa ndi matope pachilumba cha Vieques, Puerto Rico (Attribution, Al Jazeera.)
N'zovuta kukhulupirira kuti gawo lina la United States of America linagwiritsidwa ntchito monga malo a masewera a nkhondo komanso ngati mabomba ambirimbiri akhala akusokoneza zaka zambiri. Ichi chinali chilango cha anthu okhala kuzilumba za Vieques ndi Culebra, omwe ali amatauni a gawo la US ku Puerto Rico, omwe okhalamo amakhala nzika za US.
Pa Okutobala 19, 1999, bwanamkubwa wanthawiyo ku Puerto Rico, Pedro Rosselló umboni pamaso pa Komiti ya US Senate Armed Services Committee ndipo anamaliza mawu ake amphamvu ndi mawu awa:
Ife, anthu aku Puerto Rico, sitili gulu loyamba la nzika zaku America zomwe zidadutsa pasukulu ya demokalase ya ogogoda mwamphamvu ndipo tidaphunzira phunziro lopweteka. Bambo Chairman, tikufunira Navy yathu zabwino kwambiri. Timasilira ukadaulo wake ndipo timaulandira ngati oyandikana nawo. Timakondwera kwambiri ndi anthu masauzande ambiri aku Puerto Rico omwe ayankha kuyitanidwa kwawo kuti ateteze chifukwa cha ufulu padziko lonse lapansi. Ndipo ndikudziwa kuti malingaliro anga amagawidwa ndi anthu ambiri aku Puerto Rico kulikonse, kuphatikiza Vieques. Sindikutsimikiza, komabe, kuti ife, anthu aku Puerto Rico, taphunzira kuukapolo wachikoloni. Sitidzalekereranso nkhanza za ukulu ndi kukula kwa zomwe sizikupezeka mdera lililonse mwa mayiko 50 omwe angafunikire kulekerera.
Sitidzakhalanso kulekerera nkhanza zoterezi. Osati zaka 60, osati kwa miyezi 60, kapena masiku 60, maola 60, kapena maminiti 60. Izi zikhoza kukhala zochitika zapamwamba za mphamvu ndi zolondola. Ndipo ife anthu a ku Puerto Rico tadzipatsa mphamvu kuti titsimikizire kuti ndi zoona.
Mwa Mulungu timadalira, ndikudalira Mulungu, tidzaonetsetsa kuti anansi athu pa Vieques adalitsika potsirizira ndi lonjezo la America la moyo, ufulu ndi kufunafuna chimwemwe.
Ziwonetsero zidathetsa masewera ankhondo ku Culebra mu 1975, koma zochitika zankhondo zidapitilira ku Vieques mpaka Meyi 1, 2003.
Vieques, Culebra, ndi Puerto Rico akuchitiridwa nkhanza. Panthaŵiyi, iwo sanaphedwe ndi asilikali a ku United States. M'malo mwake, adawombedwa ndi mphepo yamkuntho Irma ndi Maria, ndipo kuchitiridwa nkhanza kwasayankhidwa ndi boma la US lolamulidwa ndi Donald Trump.
Chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa mphepo yamkuntho ya Puerto Rico ndi nkhani zathu zazikuluzikulu, kulephereka kuyika zomwe zikuchitika m'mbiri yakale, komanso kusowa maphunziro kwa Puerto Rico ndi mbiri ya Puerto Rican kuno, lero tidzakambirana Vieques-zapitazo, zamakono, ndi tsogolo lake.
Mu kanema pamwambapa, Robert Rabin akupereka mbiri yakale ya Vieques.
Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti Vieques idakhala koyamba ndi Amwenye Achimereka omwe adachokera ku South America pafupifupi zaka 1500 Christopher Columbus asanapite ku Puerto Rico ku 1493. Atamenya nkhondo yayifupi pakati pa Amwenye ndi Aspanya, aku Spain adalamulira chilumbacho, ndikusandutsa anthu am'deralo mu akapolo awo. Mu 1811, Don Salvador Melendez, yemwe anali kazembe wa Puerto Rico, adatumiza wamkulu wankhondo Juan Rosello kuti ayambe zomwe pambuyo pake zidalandidwa ndi Vieques ndi anthu aku Puerto Rico. Mu 1816, Vieques anachezeredwa ndi Simón Bolívar. Teofilo Jose Jaime Maria Gillou, yemwe amadziwika kuti ndi amene adayambitsa Vieques ngati tawuni, adafika ku 1823, ndikuwonetsa kusintha kwachuma komanso chikhalidwe pachilumba cha Vieques
Pofika gawo lachiŵiri la zaka za 19th, Vieques adalandira zikwi zikwi za anthu ochokera kumayiko ena akuda omwe anabwera kudzathandiza ndi minda ya shuga. Ena mwa iwo adakhala akapolo, ndipo ena adadza okha kuti apeze ndalama zambiri. Ambiri mwa iwo adachokera kuzilumba zapafupi za St. Thomas, Nevis, St. Kitts, St. Croix ndi mitundu ina yambiri ya Caribbean.
Panthawi ya 1940s asilikali a United States anagula 60% ya malo a Vieques, kuphatikizapo minda ndi minda ya shuga kuchokera kwa anthu, omwe anatsala alibe ntchito ndipo ambiri anakakamizika kupita ku Puerto Rico ndi ku St. Croix kukayang'ana kwa nyumba ndi ntchito. Pambuyo pake, asilikali a United States anagwiritsira ntchito Vieques monga malo oyesa mabomba, mivi, ndi zida zina
Ambiri mwa inu mwawonapo zankhondo zaku US zosonyeza kuphulitsa bomba kwa "mdani" Komabe, chojambula ichi chikuwonetsa kuphulika kwa mabomba a Vieques pa "masewera ankhondo," omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito khalani ammo. "Pa Vieques, Navy ikuyenda kumpoto kwa North Atlantic Fleet Arap Facility Training, imodzi mwa zazikulu kwambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi zida zothandizira zida padziko lapansi."
60 Mphindi (onani kanema yolumikizidwa) adapanga wapadera wotchedwa "Kuputa Mabomba. "
Vieques nthawi zambiri amakhala malo opanda phokoso. Kufupi ndi gombe lakum'mawa kwa Puerto Rico, ndi kachilumba kakang'ono komwe kali ndi anthu pafupifupi 9,000, makamaka nzika zaku America.
Koma zonse sizamtendere: Asitikali apamadzi ali ndi magawo awiri mwa atatu pachilumbachi ndipo kwa zaka 50 zapitazi akhala akugwiritsa ntchito gawo lina lamaphunzirowa ngati njira yophunzitsira asitikali ake kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mautumiki apamoyo.
Malo ambiri amtundu wa Navy ndi malo osungira pakati pa okhalamo ndi bomba lomwe lili kumapeto kwenikweni. Langizo ndi malo okhawo ku Atlantic komwe gulu lankhondo la Navy limatha kumenyera nkhondo yolumikizana ndi kukokoloka kwamadzi, kuwomberana ndi mfuti zapanyanja komanso kuwomba kwa ndege.
Koma anthu okhala pachilumbachi amanena kuti kukhala kumalo okamenyana ndi nkhondo kumawononga kwambiri malo awo komanso thanzi lawo.
"Ndikuganiza kuti ngati izi zikuchitika ku Manhattan, kapena ngati zikuchitika ku Munda Wamphesa wa Martha, nthumwi zochokera kumayiko amenewo zitsimikizira kuti izi sizingapitirire," atero a Governor wa Puerto Rico a Pedro Rossello.
Koma popanda Vieques, Navy sangakwanitse kuphunzitsa asitikali ake moyenera, atero Admiral Wambuyo William Fallon, wamkulu wa Atlantic Fleet. "Ndizokhudza ngozi zankhondo," adatero.
"Chifukwa chomwe timaphunzitsira moto wamoto ndi chifukwa tikufunika kukonzekera anthu athu kuthekera kotere," izi adatero.
"Ngati sitichita, timawaika pachiwopsezo chachikulu," adatero. "Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa asitikali apamadzi komanso dziko."
Puerto Rico inalamula kuti afufuze zawonongeka ndipo analemba akatswiri a zophulika Rick Stauber ndi James Barton kuti akafufuze pachilumbachi. Amuna awiriwa adati pali "mitundu" yambiri yamipanda yopanda malire yomwe inafalikira kuzilumbazi komanso pansi panyanja mozungulira.
Zolemba izi zimatanthauzira chisinthiko cha gulu lotsutsa. Zitchulidwa Vieques: Chofunika Kwambiri Pazovuta, kuchokera Mary Patierno on Vimeo.
M'ma 1940 Asitikali apamadzi aku US adalanda chilumba chaching'ono cha Vieques, Puerto Rico ndikupanga malo oyesera zida ndi malo ophunzitsira. Kwa zaka zopitilira makumi asanu ndi limodzi nzika zidatsala zokwatirana pa 23% yokha pachilumbachi, pakati pa malo osungira zida ndi bomba.
Kwa zaka zambiri, kagulu kakang'ono ka omenyera ufulu wawo kanatsutsa mayesero apanyanja a Navy komanso zoyeserera zawo ndi zida zatsopano ku Vieques. Koma kulimbana ndi Navy sikunakope chidwi cha anthu ambiri mpaka pa Epulo 19, 1999 pomwe a David Sanes Rodríguez, olondera m'munsi, adaphedwa pomwe mabomba awiri opunduka osaphulika anaphulika pamalo ake. Imfa ya a Sanes idalimbikitsa gulu lotsutsana ndi asitikali ndikuyatsa zilakolako za anthu aku Puerto Rico azikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana.
Vieques: Chofunika Kwambiri Pazomwe Zimamenyana ndizolemba mbiri ya David ndi Goliati ya anthu okhala ku Vieques ndi kusintha kwa mtendere kumudzi komwe kuli zovuta kwambiri
Christian Science Monitor inali ndi nkhaniyi ikufotokozera momwe "Pentagon Yagwiritsa Ntchito Chilumba cha Vieques Chophunzitsidwa kwa Zaka makumi, koma kuphulika kwa mabomba mwangozi Imfa Yasokonezeka":
Msilikali wa US wa Navy akhoza kutaya maphunziro apamwamba pambuyo polephera kusangalatsa boma ndi anthu a ku Puerto Rico. Mzinda wa Vieques womwe umakhala pachilumba, womwe US unagula mu 1940s kwa $ 1.5 miliyoni, umatengedwa kuti ndi malo abwino omwe amachitiramo masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi ma air. Koma pambuyo pofa mwangozi chaka chino cha pachilumbachi, akuluakulu a ku Puerto Rican amatha kulepheretsa asilikali a Navy ndi Marines kuti apange zochitika zambiri. Nthendayi imabweretsa milandu imene Pentagon yanyengerera Puerto Rico, nzika za ku United States zomwe sichiyenera kuvota kapena kuimira ku Washington.
"Palibe paliponse m'maiko 50 momwe mungachitireko masewera ankhondo ngati awa ku Vieques," akutero a Charles Kamasaki a National Council of La Raza, gulu lomenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe ku Washington.
Otsutsa amatsutsa Asitikali apamadzi chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zida zankhondo pafupi kwambiri ndi anthu wamba komanso kuphwanya mgwirizano wa 1983 woti achepetse masewerawa. Pentagon idavomereza kugwiritsa ntchito zipolopolo zowononga ma uranium, napalm, ndi magulu a masango. Kafukufuku m'modzi adanenanso kuti okhala ku Vieques anali ndi khansa yochulukirapo kuposa anthu ena aku Puerto Rico - mlandu womwe Navy imakana.
Chofunika mu nkhaniyi ndi ichi:
Chigwirizano cha Vieques sichinasinthidwe mpaka April 19, pamene woyendetsa ndege wa Navy anasiya mabomba awiri a 500-mapaundi, napha gulu la chitetezo cha asilikali pansi ndikuvulaza ena anayi. Ngoziyi inanenedwa pa zolakwika zoyendetsa ndege ndi zofalitsa.
Kuyambira pamenepo, owonetsa ziwonetsero akhala akumangapo misewu ndipo Navy amayenera kuimitsa ntchito. Loweruka lirilonse, ochita ziwonetsero pafupifupi 300 amayang'anira kunja kwa malo ankhondo. Oscar Ortiz, wogwira ntchito m'bungwe lachigwirizano akuti: "Asitikali apamadzi akasintha, tidzasamukanso." “Ngati akufuna kutimanga, ndife okonzeka. Adzagwira anthu onse ku Puerto Rico. ”
Zambiri, ndikukuuzani kuti muwerenge Msilikali ndi Kutchuka Kwambiri: Madzi a ku America ku Vieques, Puerto Rico, ndi Katherine T. McCaffrey.
Nzika zaku Vieques, chilumba chaching'ono kufupi ndi gombe lakum'mawa kwa Puerto Rico, amakhala pakati pa malo okonzera zida zankhondo ndikukhala bomba la US Navy. Kuyambira ma 1940 pomwe asitikali apamadzi adalanda magawo awiri mwa atatu am'chilumbachi, nzika zakhala zikulimbana kuti zipange moyo pakati pa bomba lomwe likubangula komanso phokoso la zida zankhondo. Monga malo ankhondo ku Okinawa, Japan, malowa adachita zionetsero zazikulu kuchokera kwa anthu omwe adatsutsa chitetezo cha US kutsidya lina. Mu 1999, pomwe wogwira ntchito wamba wamba wapamtunda adaphedwa ndi bomba lomwe lidasochera, Vieques adayambiranso ziwonetsero zomwe zalimbikitsa anthu masauzande ambiri ndikusintha chilumba chaching'ono cha Caribbean kukhala malo apadziko lonse a célèbre.
Katherine T. McCaffrey akuwunikiratu za ubale wamavuto pakati pa Asitikali ankhondo aku US ndi okhala pachilumba. Amasanthula mitu monga mbiri yakufalikira kwa asitikali aku US ku Vieques; maziko olimbikitsidwa ndi usodzi omwe adayamba mchaka cha 1970; momwe navy yolonjeza kusintha miyoyo ya okhala pachilumbachi ndi kulephera; komanso kutuluka kwamakono kwandale zandale zomwe zalimbikitsanso hegemony yankhondo.
Nkhani ya Vieques imabweretsa nkhawa yayikulu mkati mwa mfundo zakunja zaku US zomwe zimapitilira Puerto Rico: magulu ankhondo akunja amakhala ngati mphezi zotsutsana ndi America, zomwe zikuwopseza mayiko ndi mafano akunja kwawo. Pofufuza zaubwenzi wotsutsanawu, bukuli likuwunikiranso maphunziro ofunikira okhudzana ndi atsamunda komanso ukapolo wachikoloni komanso ubale wa United States ndi mayiko omwe amakhala ndi magulu ankhondo.
Yang'anani mwatsatanetsatane zotsatira za zaka za ntchito za usilikali. Mu 2013 Al Jazeera adatumiza m'nkhaniyi, akufunsa kuti "Kodi khansa, zolephereka kubadwa, ndi matenda ndizochokera kuzilumba za Puerto Rico?"
Anthu a pachilumbachi amavutika kwambiri ndi khansa komanso matenda ena kuposa ena onse a Puerto Rico. Koma lipoti limene linatulutsidwa mu March ndi bungwe la United States la Toxic Substances and Registers Registry (ATSDR), bungwe la federal lomwe likuyang'anira kufufuza zinthu zowononga, linati silinapeze chiyanjano choterocho.
"Anthu aku Vieques amadwala kwambiri, osati chifukwa choti adabadwa odwala, koma chifukwa mdera lawo lidadwala chifukwa cha zinthu zambiri, ndipo chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri ndi kuipitsidwa komwe adachitiridwa kwa zaka zopitilira 60. Anthuwa ali ndi khansa yambiri, matenda oopsa, komanso impso kulephera, "a Carmen Ortiz-Roque, a epidemiologist komanso azamba, adauza Al Jazeera." Amayi azaka zobala ku Vieques ali ndi poizoni kwambiri kuposa azimayi ena onse ku Puerto Rico…. 27% ya azimayi ku Vieques omwe tidaphunzira anali ndi mercury yokwanira yowononga minyewa mwa mwana wawo yemwe sanabadwe, "adaonjeza.
Vieques ali ndi chiwerengero cha khansa yapamwamba ya 30 kuposa ena onse a Puerto Rico, ndipo pafupifupi maulendo anayi omwe amawopsa kwambiri.
“Apa pali mtundu uliwonse wa khansa - khansa ya m'mafupa, zotupa. Khansa yapakhungu. Chilichonse. Takhala ndi anzathu omwe amapezeka ndipo patatha miyezi iwiri kapena itatu, amamwalira. Awa ndi khansa yoopsa kwambiri, "atero a Carmen Valencia, a Vieques Women Alliance. Vieques ali ndi chithandizo chamankhwala chokha chokha ndi chipatala choberekera komanso chipinda chodzidzimutsa. Palibe mankhwala a chemotherapy, ndipo odwala amayenera kuyenda maola angapo pa boti kapena ndege kuti akalandire chithandizo.Zakudya zam'nyanja, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pazakudyazo - zomwe zimapanga pafupifupi 40% yazakudya zomwe zimadyedwa pachilumbachi, zili pachiwopsezo.
"Tili ndi zotsalira za bomba ndi zonyansa m'matanthwe, ndipo zikuwonekeratu kuti mtundu uwu wa zodetsa umadutsa pamitundumitundu, ku nsomba, ku nsomba zazikulu zomwe timadya. Zitsulo zolemerazi zikuluzikulu zimatha kuwononga ndi khansa mwa anthu, "a Elda Guadalupe, wasayansi yachilengedwe.
mu 2016 Atlantic anali ndi nkhani iyi "Invisible Health Crisis ya Puerto Rico":
Ndili ndi anthu kuzungulira 9,000, Vieques ndi malo ena odwala kwambiri ku Caribbean. Malingana ndi Cruz María Nazario, katswiri wa matenda odwala matenda a matenda ku Sunivesite ya Puerto Rico ya Graduate School of Public Health, anthu okhala ku Vieques ali ndi mwayi wokwanira kufa ndi matenda a mtima ndipo nthawi zambiri amatha kufa ndi matenda a shuga kusiyana ndi ena ku Puerto Rico, kumene kufalikira kwa matenda amenewo kumayendera US madola. Cancer mitengo pa chilumbacho ndi Apamwamba kuposa omwe ali kumudzi wina aliyense wa ku Puerto Rico.
Ziribe kanthu chiwerengero cha malipoti kapena maphunziro, malinga ngati boma la United States liri ndi chikhalidwe chophimba ndi kukana, chilungamo cha chilengedwe sichidzachitika.
Vieques ali ndi anthu ena, makamaka makamaka akavalo zakutchire.
Akuluakulu pachilumba cha Vieques ku Puerto Rico akumenya nkhondo yachilendo kuti athetse zokopa alendo zomwe zakhala pafupi ndi mliri pachilumbachi, chomwe chimadziwika kuti malo omwe kale panali bomba la asitikali aku US. Chilumba chaching'ono ndichotchuka kwambiri pakati pa alendo, popeza alendo amapita kumzinda wake wodziwika bwino wamadzi amitengo yamitengo, nkhalango zobiriwira za mangrove komanso mahatchi oyenda bwino. Pamalo opanda kanthu pafupi ndi madola 500 aku US W Retreat & Spa, bambo yemwe ali ndi mfuti akusaka nyama zina zakutchire zomwe chilumbachi chimadziwika. Amayenda pang'onopang'ono kupita pagulu la mahatchi ofiira ndi oyera, ndikukweza mfuti ndi moto. Mwana wamagazi wofiirira amenya miyendo yake yakumbuyo ndikuthamangira kutali.
A Richard LaDez, director of the Security for The Humane Society of the United States, akutenga kachipangizo kakulera kamene kanagwa pachikhatho cha kavaloyo ndikupereka zala zazikulu ku gululi. Omwe amagulitsidwa koyamba ndi atsamunda aku Spain, akavalo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ambiri a Vieques '9,000-odd okhala kuti atumize maulendo, kutenga ana kusukulu, kunyamula asodzi kumabwato awo, kupikisana m'mipikisano yosavomerezeka pakati pa anyamata achichepere ndikupereka omwe amamwa usiku kwambiri kunyumba. amakondedwa ndi alendo, omwe amakonda kuwajambula akudya mangos ndikusangalala pagombe. Anthu ambiri amakhala ndi mahatchi awo kutchire pafupi ndi nyanja, komwe amadyetsako mpaka kukafunika. Kudyetsa ndi kubisalira kavalo womangika pachilumba chomwe chimalandira ndalama zosakwana madola 20,000 aku US chaka sichingatheke. Akavalo ena amatchedwa maina, ambiri alibe ndipo ochepa amangothamanga. Akuluakulu akunena kuti, chifukwa chake, ndizosatheka kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa mahatchi ndikuwapatsa udindo eni ake pakagwa vuto.
Chiwerengero cha anthu chawonjezeka pafupifupi nyama 2,000 zomwe zimaswa mapaipi amadzi kuti zithetse ludzu lawo, kugwetsa zidebe zonyansa posaka chakudya ndikufa pangozi zagalimoto zomwe zawonjezeka pamene alendo akupita ku Vieques, komwe kudatchuka pambuyo poti asitikali ankhondo aku US Navy ntchito kumayambiriro kwa 2000s. Atathedwa nzeru, meya wa Vieques a Victor Emeric adayitanitsa Humane Society, yomwe idavomereza kuyambitsa pulogalamu yazaka zisanu yotumiza magulu pachilumbachi atanyamula mfuti zampweya, ma pistols ndi mazana a mivi yodzaza ndi njira zolerera PZP. Pulogalamuyi idayamba mu Novembala ndipo idayamba mwachangu masiku awiri ndi anthu pafupifupi khumi ndi awiri odzipereka komanso ogwira ntchito ku Humane Society kumapeto kwa sabata la Martin Luther King Day. Ma mares opitilira 160 adayambika ndipo akuluakulu a Humane Society ati akuyembekeza kubayitsa pafupifupi zonse za pachilumbachi ndi njira zolelera kumapeto kwa chaka. Pulogalamuyi idzawononga madola 200,000 aku US kuyendetsa ndipo imathandizidwa ndi zopereka.
Anthu ambiri amene anapita ku Vieques ankadandaula za tsogolo la mahatchi pamtsinje, monga momwe tafotokozera m'nkhaniyi "Kuthandiza mahatchi a mphepo yamkuntho: Mahatchi apadera a Puerto Rico amakhala opulumuka. "
Mahatchi angapo omwe amapita patsogolo pachilumba cha Vieques ku Puerto Rico atha kufa chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mphepo yamkuntho Maria.
Mahatchi ena a 280 ochokera ku akavalo a 2000 pachilumbachi anali jekeseni ndi PZP kumapeto kwa chaka chatha pofuna kuyesa kuchuluka kwa akavalo pa chilumba chaching'ono. Chilumbacho chimadziwika kuti ndi malo enaake ochititsa chidwi kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, komanso mahatchi ake okongola, omwe amawomba. Koma madzi akusowa pachilumba ndipo zaka zaposachedwapa chilala chapha anthu ambiri.
Gulu la HSUS lobweretsa chithandizo ku chilumbachi linatsimikizira kuti mahatchi ena adafa, anaphedwa ndi mphepo yamkuntho kapena kuvulala ndi zinyalala, ndipo nyama zambiri zinkakhala zofunikira kuchipatala. Koma adanenanso kuti mahatchi ambiri amawoneka kuti apulumuka mkuntho.
"Tikuwapatsa chakudya choonjezera chifukwa mitengo yathyoledwa ndipo madzi akumwa ndi osauka, ndipo tidzatha kupereka chithandizo chamankhwala monga momwe tingathere," anatero HSUS CEO Wayne Pacelle.
Anati Dr Dickie Vest, yemwe ali ndi veterinarian wochokera ku Cleveland Amory Black Beauty Ranch, akuthandiza kutsogolera mayankho, ndi akatswiri a zakutchire komanso akatswiri a zinyama Dave Pauli ndi John Peaveler. "Mothandizidwa ndi nzika zakumudzi, gulu lathu likusamalira agalu ambiri, amphaka, ndi nyama zina pa kliniki yamakono omwe amakhazikitsa kuti apereke chithandizo chamankhwala chokwanira kwa nyama zomwe anthu ali nazo zofuna kusamalira," Pacelle adatero.
Pano pali kulumikizana kwa HSUS Animal Rescue Team kuti athandizire ntchito zawo
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, Vieques ndi malo a zodabwitsa zachilengedwe padziko lonse lapansi, malo osungirako zowonjezereka.
Tili pano usikuuno kuti tiwone m'madzi nyama zowala zotchedwa dinoflagellates. Mbalamezi zamaselo amodzi zimawala zikawasokoneza. Ma plankton akachuluka ndipo zinthu zili bwino, kuyendetsa dzanja lanu m'madzi kumasiya kuwunika pang'ono.
Mitundu iyi pano imawala ndi buluu wobiriwira. Amatchedwa Pyrodinium wamba, kapena "moto woyaka moto wa Bahamas." Hernandez ndi wowongolera wina akuti pomwe dokolo likuwala kwambiri, mutha kudziwa mtundu wa nsomba zomwe zikuyenda pansi pamadzi kutengera mawonekedwe owala. Nsomba zikudumpha pamwamba zimasiya kuwunika kowala. Mvula ikagwa, amati pamwamba pamadzi ponse pali bata. Edith Widder, katswiri wa bioluminescence komanso woyambitsa mnzake wa Bungwe Lofufuza Zofufuza ndi Odyera, akuti kuyera ndi njira yotetezera zolengedwa izi, zomwe zimagawana zizindikiro ndi zomera ndi zinyama. Kuwala kumatha kuchenjeza ziweto zazikulu kuti zikhalepo zilizonse zomwe zimasokoneza plankton.
"Chifukwa chake, ndimakhalidwe ovuta kwambiri kwa cholengedwa chokhala ndi khungu limodzi, ndipo mnyamata akhoza kukhala wowoneka bwino," akutero.
Koma mphepo zamkuntho zimawononga chiwonetserochi. Mvula imasokoneza kapangidwe kake panyanjayo ndi madzi ambiri abwino. Mphepo yamkuntho Maria idawononga mitengo ya mangrove yomwe ili mozungulira nyanjayi, yomwe imapereka mavitamini ofunikira kwa ma dinoflagellates, Widder akuti. Ndipo mphepo yamkuntho imatha kukankhira zolengedwa zowala kunja kwa nyanja. "Mphepo ikadatha kukankhira madzi kunja kwa dziwe, kutuluka pakamwa pake," akuwonjezera Hernandez. Pambuyo pa mphepo zamkuntho zina, akuti zidatenga miyezi ingapo bwaloli lisanayambenso kuyaka, akutero
Padzakhala Kukumana kwa Daily Kos ku Puerto Rico pa Januware 29 ndi Chef Bobby Neary, aka newpioneer. "Daily Kos ikutumiza a Kelly Macias kuchokera kwa a Editorial Staff athu ndi a Chris Reeves ochokera ku Community Building Staff kuti akapereke lipoti loyambirira lonena za Puerto Rico logwirizana ndi adilesi ya SOTU."
Ndikudziwa kuti apita ku Vieques, ndikuyembekezera kuwerenga malipoti awo.
Pa'lante!
