Wolemba Jon Letman, The Guardian
Alendo amajambula selfies pagombe lamchenga woyera, kapena kuwaza m'madzi am'madzi pafupi ndi Ritidian Point, kumpoto kwenikweni kwa Guam, gawo la chilumba cha Pacific "kumene tsiku la America limayambira".
Ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, koma osawoneka, obisika kuseri kwa matanthwe akulu a miyala yamwalaAsilikali a US wakonzekera nkhondo.
Ngati mikangano pakati pa US ndi China kapena North Korea idafika pomenya nkhondo, asitikali aku America pano atha kukhala m'modzi mwa oyamba kudziwa: Guam ili pamtunda womwewo kuchokera ku South China Sea ndi Korea Peninsula.
Chilumbachi ndi gawo lodzilamulira - kapena monga ena amanenera, koloni - yomwe kufunikira kwake kwadongosolo kumatsimikiziridwa ndi momwe amachitira nkhondo.
Pafupifupi 28% pachilumbachi ndi asitikali, ndipo ambiri mwa anthu 165,000 okhala ndi mantha kuti zomangamanga za Guam zitha kuthedwa nzeru. mapulani pitilizani kuwirikiza kawiri kuchuluka kwa asitikali aku US.
Asitikali ankhondo zikwi zisanu ndi chimodzi aku US ali pachilumbachi, koma dongosolo lokulitsa lomwe lachedwa kwanthawi yayitali lingaphatikizepo owonjezera apamadzi a 5,000 (awiri pa atatu aliwonse mozungulira) ndi odalira 1,300 kuyambira 2022.
"Nkhani ya nkhondo ku Guam ndi yosagwirizana ndi nkhani ya utsamunda," adatero loya wowona za ufulu wachibadwidwe a Julian Aguon mu ofesi yake ku Hagåtña, likulu la chilumbachi.
"Kunena zoona, ndizovuta kuyankha funso la momwe asitikali amakhudzira anthu ku Guam chifukwa ndi yayikulu kwambiri. Malo ankhondo ndi mafakitale ali pachimake pano. "
Kukonzekera kutumizidwanso kwapanyanja ndi gawo loyesera kuchepetsa mikangano pachilumba cha Japan cha Okinawa, komwe kuli kutsutsa koopsa kwa gulu lankhondo la US. M’mwezi wa June, anthu pafupifupi 65,000 anachita ziwonetsero akuitanidwa kutsekedwa kwa maziko a US pachilumba cha Japan.
Koma ngakhale kuchepetsa ankhondo kungakhale kolandirika ku Okinawa, si onse ku Guam omwe akufunitsitsa kuwona kuchuluka.
"Chowonadi ndichakuti, sikuchepetsa zolemetsa, ndikungosamutsira kwina - pakadali pano kupita ku Guam," atero Dr Vivian Dames, woyang'anira Beyond the Fence, pulogalamu ya Guam Public Radio yomwe imayang'ana zomwe asitikali aku US akukhudzidwa.
“Sindife a Okinawa, sife dziko lachilendo, sife dziko. Takhala dziko la United States kuyambira 1898 ndi nzika za US kuyambira 1950. Choncho, mgwirizano pakati pa anthu wamba ndi asilikali ndi ovuta kwambiri komanso osokonezeka komanso otsutsana, "adatero Dames.
Iye anati: “Sikuti ndi nkhani yongolimbikitsa kapena kutsutsa.
United States itakakamiza Japan kuchoka ku Guam m'chilimwe cha 1944, US idatenga udindo wowombola, ndikuyamikiridwa komanso mkwiyo womwe ukuwonekera lero: Chiwopsezo cha usilikali ku Guam chikadali chokwera kwambiri mdzikolo.
US nayenso adalanda dziko kuti agwiritse ntchito. Kum'mwera, Naval Base Guam ndi doko kunyumba ku zida zinayi zankhondo zanyukiliya zothamanga mwachangu komanso gulu lankhondo lankhondo la helikoputala. Nearby, the Naval Ordnance Annex amakwana 18,000 maekala. Pachilumbachi palinso a Naval Computer ndi Telecommunications Station ndi Joint Region Marianas likulu, lomwe limayang'anira kuyesa kwa 984,000-square-mile ndimaphunziro oyaka moto Dera.
Kumpoto, Andersen Air Force Base nyumba a kukhalapo kwa bomba mosalekeza ndi ntchito zotsimikizira mabomba ndi zoletsa, kuphatikiza ma B-52 asanu ndi limodzi omwe gulu lankhondo la ndege likunena kuti limapereka "kuthekera kwaukadaulo padziko lonse lapansi [kulepheretsa adani omwe angakhalepo ndikupereka chilimbikitso kwa ogwirizana nawo".
Kuyenda pang'ono kudutsa chipululu chotchingidwa ndi mpanda cha mitengo ya Tangan-tangan, achitetezo cha malo okwera kwambiri (THAAD) batire yoteteza missile idatumizidwa ku 2013. Posachedwapa, North Korea idati ikhoza kugunda maziko a US Pacificndipo China yapanga missile yotchedwa “Guam Killer".
Kwa anthu ena okhala ku Guam, ma kilomita a mipanda yozungulira mawaya ozungulira mabwalo amakwiyitsa - komanso chikumbutso chosalekeza chaulamuliro wa asitikali aku US.
"Muyenera kumvetsetsa malingaliro a mipanda," akutero Hope Cristobal, yemwe kale anali senate m'nyumba ya malamulo ku Guam. "Pali chotchinga ndikukuuzani, kunjako, osaloledwa kulowa."
Mfundo zina zosagwirizana ndi maphunziro olekanitsidwa (ana ochokera m'mabanja ankhondo amapita kusukulu zosiyana za Dipatimenti ya Chitetezo), kulanda malo kwa zaka makumi ambiri, malipiro a nyumba za asilikali omwe otsutsa amanena mopanda chilungamo kuti amawononga malo ndi nyumba, mitengo yotsika mtengo ya chakudya, mafuta. ndi katundu wina (ochepa kwa asitikali), kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe komanso kuletsa mwayi wopezeka m'malo achinsinsi, aboma ndi a makolo awo.
Koma ngakhale anthu ena amadana ndi kukhalapo kwa asitikali, ambiri m'mabizinesi aku Guam akuti ndikofunikira mtsogolo pachilumbachi.
"Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti monga chuma cha pachilumba, cha Guam ndi chofooka kwambiri. Tili ndi zokopa alendo komanso asitikali - ndipo tikufuna zonsezi," atero a Jeff Jones, wapampando wa komiti yankhondo ya Guam Chamber of Commerce.
Monga othandizira ena, a Jones akuti kukhalapo kwa asitikali a Guam sikungopereka chitetezo komanso bata, kumabweretsa phindu lazachuma mwachindunji monga ntchito komanso kukhazikika. Gawo 30 ndalama (zoposa $ 100m pachaka), zomwe ndi ndalama zamisonkho zochokera kunkhondo zomwe zimaperekedwa ku Guam.
Mu imelo, Jones adalozera pafupifupi $250m poyembekezera ntchito zankhondo monga zida zosungiramo zida, ma drone hangars, malo olumikizirana ma satellite ndi nyumba za anthu ogwira ntchito (zomangamanga zam'madzi zimafuna kumanga nyumba 535 zabanja limodzi komanso mpaka khumi ).
Malinga ndi a Jones, zinthu zofunika kwambiri ku Guam ndi monga ntchito, maphunziro, chuma, chisamaliro chaumoyo, umbanda ndi zomangamanga. "Kuchulukana sikunali m'malo mwazovuta za ovota," adatero Jones.
Koma otsutsa amafotokoza ubale wa Guam ndi asitikali ngati kudalira kwina, ponena kuti asitikali ndi gulu lankhondo lomwe limasokoneza ulamuliro wandale komanso chikhalidwe chawo.
Komabe, usilikali nthawi zambiri umakhala mwambo wamitundu yambiri, wanthambi zambiri m'mabanja ambiri aku Guam.
Chaka chilichonse pa Julayi 21, makamu a anthu okhala ku Guam amasonkhana pagalimoto ya Hagatna Marine Corps Drive (yomwe idasinthidwanso kuchokera ku Marine Drive mu 2004) kuti ichite nawo chikondwerero chapachaka cha Guam. Tsiku la Ufulu ndi kulemekeza asilikali.
"Nthawi zonse takhala ndi gulu lankhondo," atero sipikala wanyumba yamalamulo ku Guam, a Judith Won Pat, yemwe ali ndi achibale omwe amagwira ntchito m'nthambi zonse zankhondo. "[Asilikali] akhazikika m'madera athu, m'miyoyo yathu. Zili ngati chikhalidwe chachiwiri kwa aliyense. "
Ku Guam, oimira asitikali, asitikali apamadzi, ndi ndege zonse adakana zofunsidwa, koma mu imelo, mneneri wa boma la US Pacific a Cmdr Dave Benham adati, "Tikugwira ntchito ndikukhazikitsanso mgwirizano ku Asia-Pacific. . Kukhalapo kwa asitikali patsogolo komanso kuchitapo kanthu kumathandizira kwambiri kulimbikitsa kuthekera kwa mayiko aku Pacific ndi othandizana nawo kuti adziteteze ndi kudziteteza. ”
Ngakhale Guam ikuyang'ana tsogolo la ndale komanso ubale wake ndi United States, anthu ambiri aku America sakudziwa za gawo lalikulu la chilumbachi pachitetezo cha US.
Dr Robert Underwood, Purezidenti wa University of Guam komanso nthumwi yakale ku Congress, adalankhula za kusayamika kudzipereka kwa Guam. "Kwa anthu omwe amasamala, [Guam] ndi malo achitetezo ankhondo ndipo imalola United States kuwonetsa mphamvu zake kudera lino ladziko lapansi. Kwa anthu amene sadziwa zambiri za Guam, ndi njira yotaya zinthu yopita kutali kapena kutali: ‘Mukupita kuti?’”
Anapitiliza kuti, "Nkhawa si malingaliro a anthu aku America. Chodetsa nkhawa ndichakuti: kodi Guam ili ndi mfundo zogwirizana za tsogolo lake komanso ubale wake ndi asitikali. Ndipo ngati mukhala ndi ubale wopitilira ndi asitikali, mumagwiritsa ntchito bwanji phindu lanu? Chifukwa ubale wonsewo udakhazikitsidwa poganiza kuti Guam ili ndi gawo lankhondo. ”
Kuchokera kwa Guardian: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/aug/01/guam-us-military-marines-deployment
