Ndi Kristin Christman
Kuzunzidwa kwa boma la US kuwonetsedwa mu lipoti laposachedwa la Senate ndi chizindikiro chaposachedwa cha otsogolera ochita zachinyengo ndi zoopseza, kulimbikitsa, ndi kulamulira osati kuthetsa mavuto.
9 / 11 inali kuyimbira kwaumunthu kwaumunthu kumakhala ndi zovuta zambiri, koma zotsutsa zankhanza zidakhumudwitsidwa kuti zikutanthauza "kunyoza ndi kuwononga magulu". Kufufuza mofulumira kwa mizu yowawa ndi yodzitetezera ya chiwawa kudzanenetsa otsogolera kukhazikitsa njira zothetsera mavuto.
Zigawenga zikuwonetsedwa ngati magazi, ndipo ena ali. Ena ali ndi chilakolako chodetsa nkhaŵa poika magazi ndi kudulidwa. Koma zigawenga zambiri zimakwiya kwambiri ndi kupha ndi kuzunzika m'manja mwa maboma awo kapena boma la US.
Kamal al-Said Habib wa ku Egypt, yemwe adachita nawo kuphedwa kwa Anwar Sadat, akulongosola momveka bwino kuzunzidwa koopsa kwa akapolo omwe anali ku Egypt. Akaidi akumva kufuula kwa abwenzi akuzunzidwa; chizunzo chimapangitsa kuti chiwawa chiziyenda bwino ndipo chimawongolera kubwezera ndi chilungamo. Komabe misonkho ya US yathandizira anthu okhwima okhwima ndipo amawathandiza ndalama zowonongeka.
Ambiri Achimerika angayang'ane 9 / 11 ngati chigamulo choyambirira choletsedwa chotsutsana ndi US, koma ena amawona kuti nkhondoyo yakhala ikuwomba kwa zaka zambiri. Ponena za nkhondo ya Al Qaeda / US, Kamal akufotokoza kuti 9 / 11, pamene inali yosavomerezeka, inali nkhondo ina yomwe inayambira mu 1990s, pamene a US adalengeza mwamwano nkhondo ya Islamist pothandizira chitetezo cha mkati mwa Mid-Eastern. misonkhano ku Algeria, Egypt, ndi Arabia Saubia kupha ndi kumanga zikwi zikwi.
Nkhondo yotsutsa uchigawenga ikuwonetsedwa ngati Freedom Fighters ndi Amene Amadana Nafe Chifukwa cha Ufulu Wathu. Koma zigawenga sizing'ono, ndipo pamene ena angakhale olamulira, ena ambiri amamenyana molondola chifukwa amanyansidwa nkhanza. Asilamu, Asilamu omwe akufuna kuti maboma awo azikhala a Sharia, ndi osiyanasiyana, ndikutanthauzira boma lachisilamu ndi zofunikira za moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku pakati pa mtundu wa Chisilamu ndi anthu abwino komanso ochuluka.
Ena angapange boma lopweteka la Saudi Arabia kapena la Taliban ndi malamulo osokoneza bongo, kumeta mutu, ndi kupondereza akazi. Komabe Amisilamu ambiri amafuna kuti apange machitidwe a demokalase potsata mfundo zoyenera za Chisilamu shura, ijma, ndi maslah, ndipo iwo amawona US kukhala achinyengo chifukwa cha nkhanza zake zotsutsana ndi Islamist ndi kuponderezana kwa kayendetsedwe ka demokarasi.
Woyendetsa ndege wa 9 / 11, Mohammed Atta anadziwika ali mnyamata ngati sakufuna kuvulaza ngakhale tizilombo. Monga wophunzira wophunzira, adakhumudwa kuti sakanatha kuchita ntchito yomangamanga kuti athandize Aigupto anzake, chifukwa ndevu zake ndi malingaliro ake amtundu wake ankawoneka kuti ndi zokwanira ndi apolisi a ku Aigupto kuti adziwitse kuti ndi woyenera kumangidwa.
Atta anakwiya kwambiri kuti boma lake silikanawathandiza osauka a Cairo koma m'malo mwake anamanga maulendo apamwamba okaona alendo monga momwe zinakhalira ku Western market capitalism. Kodi kusamalira Cairo kunayendera 9 / 11? Ayi. Zochita zake zinali zoipa, koma panali malingaliro pamutu wake omwe akanatha kunyamula bwino.
Ataturk akuda kwambiri dziko la Turkey kuopseza chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe ndi kuchititsa 1928 kupanga Muslim Brotherhood monga gulu losakhala lachiwawa. Kodi apurezidenti a US alibe ndemanga pazochitika zabwino ndi zoyipa za ku Western? Kodi apurezidenti amaganiza kuti ndibwino kukambirana mabomba?
Sayyid Qutb inakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zigawenga za m'tsogolo mwa kulemba "The American I Have seen," nkhani yodziwika yomwe inadzazidwa ndi zolakwika zake za US pa ulendo wake wa 1948. Kodi maganizo ake anali olondola? Skewed? Amatsutsa? Ngati ntchito yake ndi yamphamvu, bwanji atsogoleri a ku United States sakuyesa kukambirana mogwirizana ndi a Mid-Easterners?
Ambiri a magulu amitundu amodzi ayamba kutengapo mbali chifukwa cha chikhalidwe cha kumidzi, kumudzi kwa mizinda, kusamuka, kusowa kwa maonekedwe, kusiyana pakati pa gulu, kusowa chikondi cha m'banja, kapena kukakamizidwa kunja. Kusiyanitsa pakati pa amuna ndi akazi ndi malingaliro a akazi monga zowonongeka, kuyesayesa koipitsa kumachepetsa kuyanjana kwabwino kwaumunthu. Koma mabomba angakhoze bwanji kukhala ndi mphamvu zothetsera kusiyana?
Zacharias Moussaoui, 20th chigawenga, adakwiyitsidwa ndi anthu opanda pokhala komanso anthu osaganizira za ambuye ku England ndipo adachotsedwa ndi maganizo oletsedwa ku France. Mabomba a zigawenga ku England ndi ankhondo omwe akulowa ku ISIS ochokera ku Australia nayenso ankakhumudwa chifukwa chotsutsa tsankho kunja.
Panthawi ya Lebanon, Civil War, Asilamu ambiri, monga Hicham Shihab, adakwiya chifukwa chodziwika kuti Akhrisitu akuthandiza Akhristu a Lebanon. Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti mgwirizano wa US-Zionist motsutsana ndi mitundu ya Muslim. Kodi nkhondo za US sizikulimbitsa mtima?
Hashmatullah, popanda ntchito yodziwitsa anthu, anagwirizana ndi a Taliban kuti apeze malipiro. Abu Suhaib ku Pakistan adapeza nkhondo kuti ikhale ndi cholinga komanso chitonthozo kuchokera kuzinthu. Kodi ntchito zosakhala zachiwawa komanso mapulogalamu ochita zosangalatsa zingathandize kwambiri kuposa mabomba?
Kodi malongosoledwe apamwambawa akutsutsa kuphedwa kwa magaidi? Ayi. Nchifukwa chiyani amuna awa sanasankhe mankhwala osagwirizana ndi mavuto awo?
Komabe, mmalo molimbana ndi chiwawa chopanda pake, kodi US akanapanda kuthandiza Am'madera a Kumidzi omwe sakuyankha molimba mtima nkhawa zawo? Ngati m'mawa a 9 / 11, Atta adaganiza kuti asamayendetse ndege koma m'malo mwake adasankha kulembera kalata boma la US kuti lizipempha thandizo ndi mavuto aumunthu ndi azachuma ku Egypt, kodi a US akanayankha bwanji?
Kupatsa anthu omwe ali ndi chidwi kuti amve madandaulo awo ndikuwapatsa mwayi woti asakonzekere mavuto awo adzakhala chizindikiro chabwino cha kusintha kwa dziko la US.
Kristin Y. Christman ndi mlembi wa Taxonomy ya Mtendere: Chidziwitso Chokwanira cha Mizu ndi Zowonjezera Zachiwawa ndi Zolinga za 650 za Mtendere, ntchito yodziyimira payokha idayamba Seputembara 9/11 ndipo imapezeka pa intaneti. Ndi mayi wophunzirira kunyumba omwe ali ndi madigiri ochokera ku Dartmouth College, Brown University, ndi University ku Albany ku Russia ndi boma. http://sites.google.com/site/paradigmforpeace
