Chidule cha Ndondomeko: Kulimbikitsa Kugwirizana kwa Achinyamata, Ochita Magulu ndi Gulu Lachitetezo Pochepetsa Kubedwa Kusukulu ku Nigeria

Wolemba Stephanie E. Effevottu, World BEYOND War, September 21, 2022

Wolemba Wotsogolera: Stephanie E. Effevottu

Team Project: Jacob Anyam; Ruhamah Ifere; Stephanie E. Effevottu; Dalitso Adekanye; Tolulope Oluwafemi; Damaris Akhigbe; Lucky Chinwike; Mose Abolade; Joy Godwin; ndi Augustine Igweshi

Otsogolera Ntchito: Allwell Akhigbe ndi Precious Ajunwa
Ogwirizanitsa ntchito: Mr Nathaniel Msen Awuapila and Dr Wale Adeboye Project Sponsor: Mrs Winifred Ereyi

Zothokoza

Gululi likufuna kuyamikira Dr Phil Gittins, Mrs Winifred Ereyi, Mr Nathanial Msen Awuapila, Dr Wale Adeboye, Dr Yves-Renee Jennings, Mr Christian Achaleke, ndi anthu ena amene anapangitsa kuti polojekitiyi ikhale yopambana. Timaperekanso kuthokoza kwathu kwa a World Beyond War (WBW) ndi Rotary Action Group for Peace popanga nsanja (Peace Education and Action for Impact) kuti timange luso lathu lokhazikitsa mtendere.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri komanso kufunsa, funsani wolemba wamkulu, Stephanie E. Effevottu pa: stephanieeffevottu@yahoo.com

Chidule cha akuluakulu

Ngakhale kubedwa kusukulu sikwachilendo ku Nigeria, kuyambira 2020, dziko la Nigeria laona kuchuluka kwa kubedwa kwa ana asukulu makamaka kumpoto kwa dzikolo. Kusatetezeka kwa anyamatawa kwachititsa kuti masukulu opitilira 600 atsekedwe ku Nigeria chifukwa choopa kuukira kwa achifwamba komanso kuba. Mgwirizano Wathu Wolimbikitsa Achinyamata, Ochita Magulu Ochita Masewera ndi Gulu Lachitetezo kuti tichepetse Kubedwa Kusukulu ulipo kuti tithane ndi vuto lalikulu la kubedwa kwa ophunzira posachedwapa. Ntchito yathu ikufunanso kukulitsa ubale pakati pa apolisi ndi achinyamata kuti achepetse zochitika za kubedwa kusukulu.

Chidule cha ndondomekoyi chikuwonetsa zomwe apeza pa kafukufuku wa pa intaneti wopangidwa ndi a World Beyond War (WBW) Gulu la Nigeria kuti lidziwe momwe anthu amaonera za kubedwa kusukulu ku Nigeria. Zotsatira za kafukufukuyu zikusonyeza kuti zinthu monga umphawi wadzaoneni, kukwera kwa ulova, malo osalamuliridwa ndi anthu, zipembedzo zonyanyira, kusaka ndalama za zigawenga zomwe zayambitsa kubedwa kwa masukulu m’dzikoli. Zina mwa zotsatirapo za kubedwa kusukulu zomwe anthu omwe adafunsidwawo ndizomwe zimachititsa kuti ana asukulu azilemba usilikali, kusachita bwino kwa maphunziro, kulephera kwamaphunziro, kulephera kusukulu, komanso kupwetekedwa mtima, ndi zina.

Pofuna kuthetsa kubedwa kwa sukulu ku Nigeria, omwe adafunsidwa adavomereza kuti si ntchito ya munthu m'modzi kapena gawo limodzi koma m'malo mwake amafunikira njira yamagulu ambiri, ndi mgwirizano pakati pa anthu okhudzidwa osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mabungwe a chitetezo, anthu ogwira nawo ntchito, ndi achinyamata. Pofuna kulimbikitsa luso la achinyamata pochepetsa kubedwa kusukulu mdziko muno, omwe adafunsidwawo adati pakufunika kukhazikitsa mapologalamu ndi magulu ophunzitsira/kuyankha koyambirira kwa ophunzira m'masukulu osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana. Kuwonjezeka kwa chitetezo m'masukulu, zolimbikitsa komanso zodziwitsa anthu, komanso ndondomeko za anthu zakhala mbali za malingaliro awo.

Pofuna kulimbikitsa mgwirizano pakati pa boma la Nigeria, achinyamata, mabungwe a anthu, ndi magulu a chitetezo pofuna kuchepetsa nkhani za kubedwa kwa masukulu m'dzikoli, omwe adafunsidwa adanena kuti akhazikitse magulu am'deralo kuti atsimikizire mgwirizano, kupereka chitetezo chomwe chimakhala chodalirika, kukonza ndondomeko za anthu. , kuchititsa kampeni yolimbikitsa masukulu kusukulu, ndikuchita zokambirana ndi anthu osiyanasiyana okhudzidwa.

Koma omwe adafunsidwa adawona kuti pali kusakhulupirirana pakati pa achinyamata ndi ena omwe akukhudzidwa, makamaka achitetezo. Choncho adalimbikitsa njira zingapo zopangira chikhulupiliro, zina zomwe zikuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito luso lachidziwitso, kuphunzitsa achinyamata za ntchito za mabungwe osiyanasiyana a chitetezo, kuphunzitsa okhudzidwa ndi makhalidwe abwino, komanso kumanga anthu ozungulira ntchito zomanga chikhulupiriro.

Panalinso malingaliro opereka mphamvu kwa mabungwe osiyanasiyana achitetezo makamaka powapatsa luso laukadaulo komanso zida zamakono kuti athe kuthana ndi obedwawa. Pomaliza, malingaliro adapangidwa panjira zomwe boma la Nigeria lingawonetsetse kuti masukulu ndi otetezeka kwa ophunzira ndi aphunzitsi.

Chidule cha ndondomekoyi chikumaliza ndi kunena kuti kubedwa kusukulu ndikuwopseza anthu aku Nigeria, ndipo kuchuluka kwaposachedwa kukusokoneza maphunziro mdzikolo. Choncho imayitanitsa onse ogwira nawo ntchito, komanso mayiko ndi mayiko kuti agwirizane bwino kuti athetse vutoli.

Chiyambi/Chidule cha Kuba ku Sukulu ku Nigeria

Monga malingaliro ambiri, palibe tanthauzo limodzi lomwe lingatchulidwe ndi mawu oti 'kuba'. Akatswiri angapo afotokoza zomwe kuba kumatanthauza kwa iwo. Mwachitsanzo, Inyang and Abraham (2013) akufotokoza za kuba ngati kulanda mwamphamvu, kuchotsa, ndi kutsekereza munthu popanda kufuna kwake. Mofananamo, Uzorma and Nwanegbo- Ben (2014) amafotokoza kuba anthu ngati njira yolanda ndi kutsekereza kapena kunyamula munthu mokakamizidwa kapena mwachinyengo, ndipo makamaka popempha dipo. Fage ndi Alabi (2017) akuti kuba ngati kubera mwachinyengo kapena mokakamiza kwa munthu kapena gulu la anthu pazifukwa kuyambira pazachuma, ndale, ndi zipembedzo, pakati pa ena. Ngakhale pali matanthauzo ochulukira, zomwe onse amafanana ndizoti kuba ndi chinthu chosavomerezeka chomwe nthawi zambiri chimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi cholinga chofuna kupeza ndalama kapena zinthu zina.

Ku Nigeria, kuwonongeka kwa chitetezo kwachititsa kuti anthu azibera anthu ambiri makamaka kumpoto kwa dzikolo. Ngakhale kuti kuba kwakhala chizolowezi chopitirizabe, kwatenga mbali yatsopano pamene oba anthuwa akugwiritsa ntchito mantha a anthu ndi zitsenderezo za ndale pofuna kuti apeze ndalama zomwe zimakhala zopindulitsa kwambiri. Komanso, mosiyana ndi kale, anthu oba anthu amangokhalira kupha anthu olemera, zigawenga masiku ano zimafuna anthu amtundu uliwonse. Kubera komwe kukuchitika masiku ano ndi kubedwa kochuluka kwa ophunzira m'nyumba zogona zapasukulu, kubedwa kwa ophunzira m'misewu ikuluikulu komanso kumidzi ndi m'mizinda.

Ndi pafupifupi 200,000 masukulu apulaimale ndi sekondale, gawo la maphunziro ku Nigeria likuyimira lalikulu kwambiri mu Africa (Verjee ndi Kwaja, 2021). Ngakhale kubedwa kusukulu sichinthu chachilendo ku Nigeria, posachedwapa, pakhala kuchuluka kwa kubedwa kwa ana asukulu kuti awomboledwe kusukulu za sekondale makamaka kumpoto kwa Nigeria. Kubedwa koyamba mwaunyinji kwa ana asukulu kunachitika mu 2014 pomwe boma la Nigeria lidanena kuti zigawenga za Boko Haram zidabera atsikana 276 mnyumba yawo yogona yomwe ili kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa tawuni ya Chibok, Borno State (Ibrahim ndi Mukhtar, 2017; Iwara. , 2021).

Izi zisanachitike, pachitika ziwawa komanso kupha ana asukulu ku Nigeria. Mwachitsanzo, mu 2013, ophunzira 2014 ndi mphunzitsi mmodzi anawotchedwa amoyo kapena kuwomberedwa pasukulu ya sekondale ya boma ya Mamufo m’boma la Yobe. M'chaka chomwecho, ophunzira 2014 ndi aphunzitsi anaphedwa ku College of Agriculture ku Gujba. Mu February 2021, ophunzira makumi asanu ndi anayi adaphedwanso ku Buni Yadi Federal Government College. Kubedwa kwa Chibok kunatsatira mu Epulo XNUMX (Verjee ndi Kwaja, XNUMX).

Kuyambira 2014, pakhala kubedwa kwa ana asukulu opitilira 1000 kuti awomboledwe ndi zigawenga kumpoto kwa Nigeria. Zotsatirazi zikuyimira nthawi yomwe kubedwa kusukulu ku Nigeria:

• Epulo 14, 2014: Atsikana asukulu 276 adabedwa pasukulu ya sekondale ya Government Girls ku Chibok, Borno State. Ngakhale kuti atsikana ambiri apulumutsidwa, ena aphedwa kapena akusowabe mpaka pano.
• February 19, 2018: Ophunzira achikazi 110 anabedwa pa Government Girls Science Technical College ku Dapchi, m’chigawo cha Yobe. Ambiri a iwo anamasulidwa patapita milungu ingapo.
• Disembala 11, 2020: Ophunzira achimuna 303 adabedwa ku Government Science Secondary School, Kankara, Katsina State. Iwo anamasulidwa patapita mlungu umodzi.
• Disembala 19, 2020: Ophunzira 80 adatengedwa kusukulu ya Islamiyya m'tauni ya Mahuta, m'boma la Katsina. Apolisi ndi gulu lawo lodziteteza m'dera lawo anamasula ophunzirawa mwamsanga kwa omwe anawabera.
• February 17, 2021: Anthu 42, kuphatikizapo ophunzira 27 anabedwa ku Government Science College, Kagara, Niger State, pamene wophunzira mmodzi anaphedwa panthawi ya chiwembucho.
• February 26, 2021: Ophunzira achikazi pafupifupi 317 anabedwa pasukulu ya Government Girls Science Secondary School, Jangebe, m’boma la Zamfara.
• Marichi 11, 2021: Ophunzira 39 adabedwa ku Federal College of Forestry Mechanisation, Afaka, Kaduna State.
• Marichi 13, 2021: Anachita kuukira ku Turkey International Secondary School, Rigachikun, Kaduna State koma mapulani awo adalephereka chifukwa cha chidziwitso chomwe asitikali aku Nigeria adalandira. Tsiku lomwelo, asilikali a ku Nigeria adapulumutsidwanso anthu a 180, kuphatikizapo ophunzira a 172 ochokera ku Federal School of Forestry Mechanisation ku Afaka, Kaduna State. Kuyesayesa kophatikizana kwa gulu lankhondo la Nigeria, apolisi, ndi odzipereka adalepheretsanso kuukira kwa Sukulu ya Sekondale ya Sayansi ya Boma, Ikara m'boma la Kaduna.
• Marichi 15, 2021: Aphunzitsi 3 adabedwa ku UBE Primary School ku Rama, Birnin Gwari, Kaduna State.
• Epulo 20, 2021: Ophunzira osachepera 20 ndi antchito atatu adabedwa pa yunivesite ya Greenfield, m'boma la Kaduna. Owabera adapha ophunzira asanu pomwe ena adamasulidwa mu Meyi.
• Pa Epulo 29, 2021: Ophunzira pafupifupi 4 anabedwa pasukulu ya King’s School, Gana Ropp, Barkin Ladi, m’chigawo cha Plateau. Pambuyo pake atatu a iwo adathawa kwa omwe adawagwira.
• May 30, 2021: Ophunzira pafupifupi 136 ndi aphunzitsi angapo anabedwa pasukulu yachisilamu ya Salihu Tanko ku Tegina, m’chigawo cha Niger. Mmodzi wa iwo anafera ku ukapolo ndipo ena anamasulidwa mu August.
• June 11, 2021: Ophunzira 8 ndi aphunzitsi ena anabedwa pa Nuhu Bamali Polytechnic, Zaria, Kaduna State.
• June 17, 2021: Ophunzira osachepera 100 ndi aphunzitsi XNUMX anabedwa ku Federal Government Girls College, Birnin Yauri, Kebbi State
• July 5, 2021: Ophunzira oposa 120 anabedwa pasukulu ya sekondale ya Bethel Baptist, Damishi m’chigawo cha Kaduna
• Ogasiti 16, 2021: Ophunzira pafupifupi 15 adabedwa ku College of Agriculture and Animal Health ku Bakura, m’boma la Zamfara
• Pa Ogasiti 18, 2021: Ophunzira XNUMX anabedwa pobwerera kwawo kuchokera ku Sukulu ya Islamiyya ku Sakkai, m’chigawo cha Katsina.
• Seputembara 1, 2021: Pafupifupi ophunzira 73 adabedwa kusukulu ya Sekondale ya Day ku Kaya, Zamfara State (Egobiambu, 2021; Ojelu, 2021; Verjee ndi Kwaja, 2021; Yusuf, 2021).

Nkhani ya kubedwa kwa ana asukulu yafalikira m’dziko lonselo ndipo ikubweretsa chitukuko chodetsa nkhawa m’vuto la kubedwa kwa ana asukulu m’dziko muno, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zoipa pa gawo la maphunziro. Ndivuto chifukwa zikuyika maphunziro a ophunzira pachiwopsezo m’dziko lomwe lili ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu cha ana osaphunzira komanso osiyira sukulu panjira, makamaka atsikana. Kuphatikiza apo, dziko la Nigeria lili pachiwopsezo chopanga 'm'badwo wotayika' wa ana azaka zakusukulu omwe amalephera maphunziro ndipo motero mwayi wamtsogolo wotukuka ndikudzichotsa okha ndi mabanja awo muumphawi.

Zotsatira za kubedwa kusukulu zimakhala zambiri ndipo zimadzetsa kukhumudwa m'malingaliro ndi m'malingaliro kwa makolo ndi ana asukulu onse omwe abedwa, kuchepa kwachuma chifukwa chakusatetezeka, zomwe zimayimitsa ndalama zakunja, komanso kusakhazikika kwandale chifukwa obedwawo amapangitsa kuti boma lisalamulire komanso kukopa anthu otchuka. chidwi chapadziko lonse lapansi. Vutoli likufunika njira ya anthu ambiri omwe amayendetsedwa ndi achinyamata ndi achitetezo kuti athetse vutoli.

Cholinga cha Ntchito

athu Kulimbikitsa Kugwirizana kwa Achinyamata, Ogwira Ntchito Pagulu ndi Gulu Lachitetezo kuti muchepetse Kubedwa Kusukulu lilipo pofuna kuthana ndi kuchuluka kwa kubedwa kwa ophunzira posachedwapa. Ntchito yathu ikufuna kupititsa patsogolo ubale pakati pa apolisi ndi achinyamata kuti achepetse zochitika za kubedwa kusukulu. Pakhala pali kusiyana komanso kutha kwa chikhulupiliro pakati pa achinyamata ndi mabungwe achitetezo makamaka apolisi monga tawonera pa #EndSARS ziwonetsero zotsutsana ndi nkhanza za apolisi mu Okutobala 2020. Ziwonetsero zotsogozedwa ndi achinyamata zidathetsedwa mwankhanza ndi Lekki Massacre ya Okutobala. 20, 2020 pomwe apolisi ndi asitikali adawombera paziwonetsero za achinyamata opanda chitetezo.

Ntchito yathu yatsopano yotsogozedwa ndi achinyamata idzayang'ana kwambiri pakupanga milatho pakati pa maguluwa kuti asinthe maubwenzi awo odana kuti akhale ogwirizana omwe angachepetse kubedwa kwa masukulu. Cholinga cha polojekitiyi ndi kubweretsa achinyamata, anthu ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso achitetezo kuti agwirizane pochepetsa nkhani ya kubedwa masukulu kuti apereke dipo. Mchitidwe woipa umenewu umafuna njira yogwirizana kuti atsimikizire chitetezo cha achinyamata kusukulu ndi kuteteza ufulu wawo wophunzira m'malo otetezeka ndi otetezeka. Cholinga cha polojekitiyi ndikulimbikitsa mgwirizano pakati pa achinyamata, anthu ogwira nawo ntchito m'madera ndi magulu a chitetezo kuti achepetse kubedwa kwa sukulu. Zolinga zake ndi izi:

1. Limbikitsani mphamvu za achinyamata, ochita zisudzo m'madera ndi magulu achitetezo kuti achepetse kuba kusukulu.
2. Limbikitsani mgwirizano pakati pa achinyamata, ochita zisudzo ndi magulu achitetezo kudzera m'mabwalo a zokambirana kuti achepetse kubedwa kusukulu.

Research Methodology

Kulimbikitsa achinyamata, ochita zisudzo, komanso mgwirizano wamagulu achitetezo kuti achepetse kubedwa kusukulu ku Nigeria, a World Beyond war Gulu la Nigeria lidaganiza zopanga kafukufuku wapa intaneti kuti adziwe momwe anthu ambiri amawonera zomwe zimayambitsa komanso zotsatira za kubedwa kwa masukulu ndi malingaliro awo panjira yopita patsogolo kuti masukulu akhale otetezeka kwa ophunzira.

Mafunso a pa intaneti omwe atsala pang'ono kutha a zinthu 14 adapangidwa ndikuperekedwa kwa otenga nawo mbali kudzera pa template ya Google. Chidziwitso choyambirira cha polojekitiyi chinaperekedwa kwa ophunzira pa gawo loyamba la mafunso. Zambiri zaumwini monga dzina, nambala yafoni ndi adilesi ya imelo zidasankhidwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti mayankho awo anali achinsinsi ndipo ali ndi ufulu wotuluka kuti asamve zambiri zomwe zingasokoneze ufulu ndi mwayi wawo.

Ulalo wapaintaneti wa Google udatumizidwa kwa omwe adatenga nawo gawo kudzera pamasamba osiyanasiyana ochezera monga WhatsApp ya mamembala a gulu la WBW Nigerian. Panalibe zaka, jenda, kapena chiwerengero cha anthu pa kafukufukuyu popeza tidawasiya aliyense chifukwa kubedwa kusukulu ndikowopsa kwa onse posatengera zaka kapena jenda. Pamapeto pa nthawi yosonkhanitsa deta, mayankho 128 adapezedwa kuchokera kwa anthu m'madera osiyanasiyana a dziko.

Gawo loyamba la mafunsowa limayang'ana kwambiri zopempha mayankho kuzinthu zaumwini za omwe akufunsidwa monga dzina, adilesi ya imelo, ndi nambala yafoni. Izi zinatsatiridwa ndi mafunso okhudza zaka za otenga nawo mbali, momwe akukhala, komanso ngati akukhala m'madera omwe akhudzidwa ndi kubedwa kusukulu. Mwa anthu 128, 51.6% anali azaka zapakati pa 15 ndi 35; 40.6% pakati pa 36 ndi 55; pamene 7.8% anali zaka 56 ndi kupitirira.

Komanso, mwa anthu 128 omwe anafunsidwa, 39.1% adanena kuti amakhala m'madera omwe akhudzidwa ndi kubedwa kusukulu; 52.3% adayankha molakwika, pomwe 8.6% adati sakudziwa ngati kwawo kuli m'maiko omwe akukhudzidwa ndi kubedwa kusukulu:

Zofufuza Zakafukufuku

Gawo lotsatirali likuwonetsa zomwe adapeza kuchokera ku kafukufuku wapa intaneti omwe adafunsidwa ndi anthu 128 ochokera m'madera osiyanasiyana mdziko muno:

Zomwe Zimayambitsa Kubedwa Kusukulu ku Nigeria

Kuyambira Disembala 2020 mpaka pano, pakhala milandu yopitilira 10 yakuba ana ambiri asukulu makamaka kumpoto kwa dzikolo. Kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi akatswiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana akuwonetsa kuti pali zifukwa zingapo zogwirira anthu kuyambira pazachuma, ndale, zikhalidwe ndi miyambo, ndipo chilichonse mwazinthuzi chimakhala cholumikizana. Zotsatira za kafukufuku zomwe zapezedwa zikusonyeza kuti zinthu monga kusowa ntchito, umphawi wadzaoneni, kunyanyira kwa zipembedzo, kupezeka kwa malo osalamuliridwa, komanso kusowa kwa chitetezo ndizomwe zimayambitsa kubedwa kwa masukulu ku Nigeria. Okwana makumi atatu ndi awiri mwa anthu XNUMX aliwonse omwe anafunsidwa adanena kuti kupeza ndalama zothandizira zigawenga ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu zomwe zachititsa kuti kubera masukulu ku Nigeria.

Momwemonso, 27.3% idawonetsa ulova kukhala chifukwa china cha kubedwa kusukulu ku Nigeria. Mofananamo, 19.5% adanena kuti umphawi ukuimira chifukwa china cha umphawi. Kuphatikiza apo, 14.8% idawonetsa kukhalapo kwa malo osayendetsedwa.

Zotsatira za Kuba Sukulu ndi Kutsekedwa kwa Sukulu pa Maphunziro ku Nigeria

Kufunika kwa maphunziro m'magulu azikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana monga Nigeria sikungagogomezedwe. Komabe, maphunziro apamwamba kangapo akhala akuwopsezedwa ndi kusokonezedwa ndi vuto la kuba. Zochita zomwe zidachokera kudera la Niger Delta mdzikolo, zakhala zachisoni, zakwera kwambiri mpaka kukhala bizinesi yamasiku onse pafupifupi chigawo chilichonse cha dzikolo. Kudetsa nkhawa kwakukulu kwabuka posachedwa pa zotsatira za kubedwa kusukulu ku Nigeria. Izi zimachokera ku nkhawa ya makolo chifukwa cha kusatetezeka, mpaka achinyamata kukopeka ndi bizinesi 'yaphindu' ya kuba zomwe zimawapangitsa kuti asapite kusukulu dala.

Izi zikuwonekeranso m'mayankho a kafukufukuyu chifukwa 33.3% ya omwe adafunsidwa amavomereza kuti kuba kumapangitsa kuti ophunzira asakhalenso ndi chidwi ndi maphunziro, komanso, 33.3% ina ya mayankho amavomereza kukhudzika kwake pamaphunziro otsika. Nthawi zambiri, kuba kusukulu kukachitika, ana asukulu amatumizidwa kunyumba, kapena kuwachotsa ndi makolo awo, ndipo nthawi zina, masukulu amakhala otsekedwa kwa miyezi ingapo.

Zowononga kwambiri zomwe zimakhalapo ndi pamene ophunzira sagwira ntchito, amakonda kukopeka kuti agwire. Ochita zoipawo amawanyengerera m’njira yakuti, amaonetsa “bizinesi”yo kukhala yopindulitsa kwa iwo. N’zoonekeratu kuti chiŵerengero cha achinyamata amene amaba ana asukulu ku Nigeria chikuwonjezeka. Zotsatira zina zingaphatikizepo kupwetekedwa m'maganizo, kuyambitsa miyambo yachipembedzo, kukhala chida m'manja mwa osankhika ena monga zigawenga, omenyera ndale ena, kuyambitsa zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana monga kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kugwirira zigawenga, ndi zina zotero.

Malangizo a Ndondomeko

Nigeria ikukhala yosatetezeka kwambiri kotero kuti palibenso komwe kuli kotetezeka. Kaya kusukulu, kutchalitchi, ngakhale kunyumba zapawekha, nzika zimakhala pachiwopsezo cha kubedwa. Komabe, omwe adafunsidwawo adati kuchuluka kwa kubedwa kusukulu kwapangitsa kuti makolo ndi olera m'dera lomwe lakhudzidwalo apitilize kutumiza ana/maward awo kusukulu kuopa kuti angabedwe. Malingaliro angapo adaperekedwa ndi omwe adafunsidwa kuti athandizire kuthana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kuba komanso njira zothetsera mchitidwe wotere ku Nigeria. Malingaliro awa adapatsa achinyamata, ochita zisudzo, mabungwe achitetezo, komanso boma la Nigeria panjira zosiyanasiyana zomwe angachite pothana ndi kubedwa kusukulu:

1. Pakufunika kulimbikitsa mphamvu za achinyamata kuti athe kuchepetsa kuba kusukulu ku Nigeria:

Achinyamata ndi opitilira theka la anthu padziko lonse lapansi ndipo motero, amafunikanso kutenga nawo mbali pazosankha zomwe zimakhudza dziko. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kubedwa kusukulu m'madera osiyanasiyana m'dziko muno komanso mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa achinyamata, akuyenera kutengapo gawo popereka njira zothetsera vutoli. Mogwirizana ndi izi, 56.3% ikuwonetsa kufunikira kwa chitetezo chowonjezereka m'masukulu komanso ntchito yolimbikitsa komanso yodziwitsa achinyamata. Momwemonso, 21.1% ikufuna kukhazikitsidwa kwa apolisi ammudzi makamaka m'malo omwe amachitiridwa ziwonetserozi. Momwemonso, 17.2 peresenti idalimbikitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mapulogalamu aulangizi m'masukulu. Kuphatikiza apo, 5.4% idalimbikitsa kuti pakhale ophunzitsa komanso oyankha mwachangu.

2. Pakufunika kulimbikitsa mgwirizano pakati pa boma la Nigeria, achinyamata, mabungwe omenyera ufulu wa anthu, ndi mabungwe achitetezo pofuna kuchepetsa nkhani za kubedwa kusukulu ku Nigeria:

Pofuna kukhazikitsa mgwirizano wogwira ntchito pakati pa boma la Nigeria, achinyamata, ogwira ntchito zamagulu a anthu, ndi magulu a chitetezo pofuna kuchepetsa nkhani za kubedwa kwa sukulu m'dzikoli, 33.6% adanena kuti pakhale magulu am'deralo kuti atsimikizire mgwirizano pakati pa ogwira nawo ntchito osiyanasiyana. Momwemonso, 28.1% idalimbikitsa apolisi ammudzi omwe amapanga magulu osiyanasiyana ndikuwaphunzitsa momwe angayankhire pamavutowa. Enanso 17.2% adalimbikitsa zokambirana pakati pa okhudzidwa osiyanasiyana. Malingaliro ena akuphatikiza kuwonetsetsa kuti onse ogwira nawo ntchito ali ndi udindo.

3. Pakufunika kulimbitsa chikhulupiriro pakati pa achinyamata ndi mabungwe osiyanasiyana achitetezo ku Nigeria:

Ofunsidwawo adawona kuti pali kusowa chikhulupiliro pakati pa achinyamata ndi mabungwe ena, makamaka achitetezo. Chifukwa chake adalimbikitsa njira zingapo zopangira chidaliro, zina zomwe zikuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito luso lazojambula, kuphunzitsa achinyamata ntchito za mabungwe osiyanasiyana a chitetezo, kuphunzitsa okhudzidwa ndi makhalidwe abwino, komanso kumanga anthu ozungulira ntchito zomanga chikhulupiriro.

4. Asilikali aku Nigeria akuyenera kupatsidwa mphamvu zothana ndi kuba anthu ku Nigeria:

Boma la Nigeria liyenera kuthandizira mabungwe osiyanasiyana achitetezo powapatsa zida zonse zofunika komanso zinthu zomwe akufunikira kuti athane ndi obedwawa. 47% ya omwe adafunsidwa adati boma liyenera kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ukadaulo pantchito zawo. Momwemonso, 24.2 % idalimbikitsa kulimbikitsa mphamvu kwa mamembala achitetezo. Momwemonso, 18% inanena kuti pakufunika kuti pakhale mgwirizano ndi kukhulupirirana pakati pa magulu achitetezo. Malingaliro ena akuphatikizapo kupereka zida zamakono kwa asilikali a chitetezo. Pakufunikanso kuti boma la Nigeria liwonjezere ndalama zomwe zimaperekedwa ku mabungwe osiyanasiyana achitetezo kuti awalimbikitse kugwira ntchito yawo.

5.Kodi mukuganiza kuti boma lingachite chiyani kuti masukulu akhale otetezeka komanso kuti akhale otetezeka kwa ophunzira ndi aphunzitsi?

Ulova ndi umphawi zadziwika kuti ndi zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa kubedwa kusukulu ku Nigeria. 38.3% mwa omwe adafunsidwa adanena kuti boma liyenera kupereka ntchito zokhazikika komanso moyo wabwino kwa nzika zake. Ophunzirawo adawonanso kutayika kwa makhalidwe abwino pakati pa nzika kotero kuti 24.2% ya iwo adalimbikitsa mgwirizano wabwino pakati pa atsogoleri achipembedzo, mabungwe apadera, ndi ophunzira pakulimbikitsa ndi kudziwitsa anthu. 18.8% ya omwe adafunsidwa adawonanso kuti kubedwa kusukulu ku Nigeria kukuchulukirachulukira chifukwa chokhala ndi malo ambiri osayendetsedwa ndi boma motero boma liyenera kuyesetsa kuteteza malo otere.

Kutsiliza

Kubera anthu kusukulu kukuchulukirachulukira ku Nigeria ndipo kukukulirakulira makamaka kumpoto kwa dzikolo. Zinthu monga umphawi, kusowa kwa ntchito, chipembedzo, kusatetezeka, komanso kupezeka kwa malo osalamuliridwa zinadziwika kuti ndi zina mwa zomwe zimayambitsa kubedwa kwa sukulu ku Nigeria. Kuphatikizidwa ndi kusatetezeka komwe kukuchitika m'dzikoli, kuchuluka kwa kubedwa kwa masukulu m'dzikolo kwapangitsa kuti maphunziro a ku Nigeria achepe, zomwe zidachulukitsanso chiwerengero cha ophunzira omwe sali pasukulu. Choncho pakufunika kuti manja onse akhale pa sitimayo pofuna kupewa kubedwa kusukulu. Achinyamata, ochita zisudzo m'deralo, ndi mabungwe osiyanasiyana achitetezo ayenera kugwirira ntchito limodzi kuti apeze njira zothetsera vutoli.

Zothandizira

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