Ndi Pat Elder, January 20, 2019
Air National Guard Base, Michigan.
PFAS mumapezeka madzi akumwa pafupi ndi Battle Creek National Guard Base.
Amereka akukumana ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri la thanzi la anthu m'mbiri yake anthu miliyoni 110 omwe angathe kuwonekera kwa madzi akumwa omwe ali ndi Per and Poly Fluoroalkyl Substances, kapena PFAS. Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa chimachokera ku thovu lamapiko (AFFF) lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito pophunzitsa moto pamagulu ankhondo. Asilikali amalola kuti poizoni alowe m'madzi apansi kuti asokoneze madera omwe amayandikana nawo.
Pentagon sikhala ndi vuto lililonse ndipo imakana kulipira poyeretsa kuipitsa komwe kwabweretsa. Army Col. Andrew Wiesen, Director of Preventive Medicine ku DOD ku Office of Health Affairs ati kuipitsidwa ndiudindo wa EPA. "Sitichita kafukufuku woyamba kudera lino," adauza a Marine Corps Times. "EPA ikuyang'anira izi," adatero. "DoD siyimayang'anitsitsa pazimenezi ndipo siili ndi" kufufuza kwina pa izi, zokhudza zotsatira za thanzi la PFOS / PFOA, monga momwe ndikudziwira. "
Panthawiyi, Air Force sichidzabwezera Madera atatu aku Colorado chifukwa cha ndalama zomwe amawononga poyipitsa madzi chifukwa cha thovu lozimitsa moto. AFFF idagwiritsidwa ntchito kale ku Peterson Air Force Base, mwina kutuluka m'matawuni ndi tabu la $ 11 miliyoni. A Air Force akuti mwina pali zina zomwe zathandizira pakuipitsidwa kwa madziwo, ngakhale palibe amene adadziwika.
Mankhwala oposa 3,000 oopsa a PFAS apangidwa. Ambiri mwa anthu ophedwa kwambiri ndi Perfluoro Octane Sulfonate (PFOS) ndi Perfluoro Octanoic Acid (PFOA). Amathandiza kwambiri kuthetsa moto wotentha kwambiri wa mafuta a petroleum.
PFOS & PFOA imadziwika kuti "mankhwala osatha" chifukwa sizowononga chilengedwe. Nthambi zankhondo zikufuna kusintha zina ochepa chabe kumenyana ndi moto.
EPA ikupitirizabe kuletsa zowononga zakupha PFAS Asayansi a Harvard amati 1 gawo la trilioni (ppt) ndi loopsa kwa thanzi laumunthu.
EPA pamodzi ndi malire a Lifetime Health Advisory (LHA) ali ndi 70 ppt pamene bungwe la zoopsa ndi matenda odwala matenda a Edzi (ATSDR) lakhazikitsa madzi okwanira a moyo wa 11 ppt kwa PFOA ndi 7 ppt kwa PFOS.
Zithunzi zotsatirazi zimayesetsa kusonkhana ndi zochitika za AFFF pamagulu ankhondo ndi madzi omwe ali pansi poizoni m'madera omwe ali pafupi.
Kuchuluka kwa PFOS / PFOA zowonongeka m'madzi otsika pansi zimachokera ku izi Lipoti la DOD. Malingaliro opangidwa ndi DOD mu lipoti akuphatikizidwanso.
Mtsinje wa Peterson Air, Colorado
88,400 ppt (PFOS + PFOA) imadziwika pansi.
DOD Comments: Eni zitsime zazokha amapereka mayunitsi osunthira (khitchini) reverse osmosis (RO). Madzi a m'mabotolo akuperekedwa kwa ogwira ntchito kumsika. Makina oyendetsedwa ndi kaboni (GAC) otsika pang'ono omwe amaikidwa paki yanyumba imodzi (1) ndi nyumba imodzi (1) pafamu. Tchalitchi chimodzi chapafupi chimalumikizidwa ndi madzi amzindawo. Madzi am'mabotolo akuperekedwa ku mayunitsi 52 mu paki ina yoyendera.
Mu October, 2016 kuposa 150,000 galons za mankhwala otentha moto anatulutsidwa ku Colorado Springs Utilities sewer system.
Eglin Air Force Base, Florida
280,000 ppt (PFOS + PFOA) imadziwika pansi.
DOD Comments: Anamaliza kuyesa koyambirira koyambira ndikulandila mgwirizano pazotsatira. Anayambitsa Kuyendera Koyambira Ponseponse kwa PFOS ndi PFOA.
Base Base Langley-Eustis Virginia
2,200,000 ppt PFOS + PFOA imapezeka pansi.
DOD Comments: Anamaliza kuyesa koyambirira koyambira ndikulandila mgwirizano pazotsatira. Anayambitsa Kuyendera Koyambira Ponseponse kwa PFOS ndi PFOA.
Ellsworth Air Force Base, South Dakota
551,000 ppt PFOS + PFOA imapezeka pansi.
DOD Comments: Kumaliza Kuyesa Koyambirira / Kuyendera Kwamasamba kwa PFOS ndi PFOA kudalandila mgwirizano pazotsatira. Anayambitsa Kafukufuku Wokonza Pomwe kale anali malo ophunzitsira moto ndipo anamaliza gawo loyamba la ntchito zam'munda mu Chilimwe 2017. Anayambitsa malo oyendera malo ambiri.
Fairchild Air Force Base, Washington
5,700 ppt (PFOS + PFOA) imadziwika pansi.
DOD Comments: Zitsime 43 mwa 104 zakuya zakumwa, ndipo 1 mwa machitidwe awiri amadzi pagulu adadutsa LHA ku Fairchild. Kukambirana MOU ndi matauni apanyumba; kutha kukhazikitsa kusefera kwa GAC pamakina amadzi a DW; ECD - kutsimikiza. Ikani makina osefera m'nyumba zonse okhala ndi zitsime zakumwa zachinsinsi.
Travis Air Force Base, California
40,000 ppt (PFOS + PFOA) imadziwika pansi.
DOD Comments: Anamaliza kuyesa koyambirira koyambira ndikulandila mgwirizano pazotsatira. Anayambitsa Kuyendera Koyambira Ponseponse kwa PFOS ndi PFOA.
Jacksonville Naval Air Station, Florida
1,397,120 ppt (PFOS + PFOA) imadziwika pansi.
DOD: Palibe Ndemanga.
Eielson Air Force Base, Alaska
2,000,000 ppt (PFOS + PFOA) imadziwika pansi.
DOD Comments: Anamaliza kukambirana koyambirira ndipo analandira mgwirizano wovomerezeka pazofukufukuzo. Anayambitsa malo oyendera malo a PFOS ndi PFOA.
Channel Islands Air National Guard Base, California
- Chithunzi cha US Air Force chojambulidwa ndi JM Eddins Jr.
1,080,000 ppt (PFOS + PFOA) amadziwika pansi.
DOD: Palibe Ndemanga.
Beale Air Force Base, California
200,000 ppt (PFOS + PFOA) imadziwika pansi.
DOD Comments: Anamaliza kuyesa koyambirira koyambira ndikulandila mgwirizano pazotsatira. Anayambitsa Kuyendera Koyambira Ponseponse kwa PFOS ndi PFOA.
Mapiri a Home Base AF, Idaho
Chiyeso choyendetsa phokoso ku Mountain Home AFB.
105 ppt ya PFOS + PFOA yapezeka m'madzi akumwa.
DOD Comments: Kusinthitsa madzi ndi kusanthula kwachitika. Madzi otsekedwa anagulidwa ngati chiwombankhanga chamakono pamene zitsime zowonongeka zinayesedwa, ndipo ndondomeko inakhazikitsidwa.
Yankho Limodzi
Pat Elder ndi pulojekiti yolimbana ndi mankhwala a PFAS:
Taganizirani zopempha pa avaaz.org ndi kusintha.org.
Tsamba la Actionnetwork.org limasokoneza, ndipo sindidzadzaza zambiri zanga pa tsamba la rootback ndi rootaction.org kuti nditumize mauthenga kwa oimirira anga.