Kuwonjezeka kwa zida za nyukiliya - Kupangidwa ku USA

Ndi John LaForge

Dziko la United States mwinamwake ndiye mtsogoleri wamkulu wa zida za nyukiliya padziko lapansi lerolino, akutsutsa momveka bwino pangano la Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT). Mutu Woyamba wa panganoli umaletsa olemba zizindikiro kuchotsa zida za nyukiliya ku mayiko ena, ndipo Article II imaletsa osayina kulandira zida za nyukiliya kuchokera ku mayiko ena.

Pomwe Msonkhano wa UN Review wa NPT umamaliza zokambirana mwezi umodzi ku New York sabata yatha, nthumwi zaku US zidasokoneza chidwi chawo pazophwanya zawo pogwiritsa ntchito machenjezo ofiira ofiira a Iran ndi North Korea - wakale wopanda chida chimodzi, ndipo omalizawa ndi 8-to-10 (malinga ndi omwe amawona zida zodalirika ku CIA) koma alibe njira yowalanditsira.

Zolinga ndi maudindo a NPT adatsimikiziridwa ndi kuwunikiridwa ndi bungwe lapamwamba la dziko lonse mu July 1996 Openda Malingaliro onena zalamulo la kuopseza kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zida za nyukiliya. Khoti Lalikulu la Chilungamo linanena mu chisankho ichi chotchuka kuti NPT imalonjeza malonjezo kuti asamangotenga kapena kulandira zida za nyukiliya sichiyeneretsedwa, chosadziwika, chosadziwika komanso chokhazikika. Pazifukwa izi, kuphulika kwa US kuli kosavuta kufotokozera.

Nkhondo za Nyukiliya "Zinachotsedwa" ku British Navy

Maboti oyendetsa sitima zam'madzi ku United States anakhazikitsa mizati yamatabwa ya intercontinental (SLBMs) ​​ku Britain kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito pazombo zake zazikulu zinayi zamtundu wankhondo. Tachita izi kwa zaka makumi awiri. The Britain ikuyenda ulendo wodutsa nyanja ya Atlantic kuti atenge zida za US ku Kings Bay Naval base ku Georgia.

Kuthandiza kuwonetsetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa US kumangotengera zida za nyukiliya zowopsa kwambiri, mainjiniya ogwira ntchito ku Lockheed Martin ku California pakadali pano ali ndi udindo wokonza, kugwirizanitsa ndikuchita chitukuko ndikupanga "UK Trident Mk4A [warhead] Reentry Systems ngati gawo a UK Trident Weapons System 'Life Extension program.' ”Izi, malinga ndi a John Ainslie a Scottish Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, omwe amayang'anira kwambiri ma Tropical aku Britain - onse omwe amakhala ku Scotland, zomwe zidakhumudwitsa a Scots.

Ngakhale zida zankhondo za W76 zomwe zimanyamula mfuti za US zomwe zidabwereka ku England zili nazo ku United States. Ma warheads amagwiritsa ntchito Gas Transfer System (GTS) yomwe imasungira tritium - mawonekedwe a hydrogen omwe amaika "H" mu H-bomba - ndipo GTS imalowetsa tritium mu warut kapena "dzenje" la plutonium. Zida zonse za GTS zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Britain Trident warheads zimapangidwa ku United States. Kenako amagulitsidwa kwa Royals kapena amapatsidwa kuti asinthire osadziwika chiwerengero cha quo.

David Webb, yemwe ali Pulezidenti wa Britain Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, adanena pa msonkhano wa ndondomeko ya NPT, ndipo pambuyo pake adatsimikizira imelo ku Nukewatch, kuti Sandia National Laboratory ku New Mexico adalengeza mu March 2011 kuti " Mayesero a W76 ku United Kingdom "pa Laboratory Laboratory Test and Test (WETL) ku New Mexico, ndipo izi" zidapereka zidziwitso zofunikira kwambiri ku UK kukhazikitsa kwa W76-1. "W76 ndi bomba la 100 kiloton H chifukwa cha zida zotchedwa D-4 ndi D-5 Trident. Mmodzi wa centrifuges ku Sandia wa WETL amatsanzira malingaliro a ballistic a W76 "galimoto yobwerera" kapena nkhondo. Kusamvana kwakukulu ndi kovuta pakati pa US ndi UK kungatchedwe kuti Proliferation Plus.

Ambiri a nkhondo za Royal Navy a Trident amapangidwa ku England Aldermaston nyukiliya complex, kuloleza Washington ndi London kunena kuti akutsatira NPT.

Mabomba a US H amapitidwa m'mayiko asanu a ku NATO

Kuphwanya komveka bwino kwa NPT ndikutumizidwa kwa US pakati pa 184 ndi 200 mabomba amphamvu yamagetsi, otchedwa B61, m'maiko asanu aku Europe - Belgium, The Netherlands, Italy, Turkey ndi Germany. "Mgwirizano wogawana zida za nyukiliya" ndi anthu ofanana mu NPT - onse omwe akunena kuti ndi "mayiko omwe si zida za zida za nyukiliya" - amatsutsa poyera Article I ndi Article II ya mgwirizanowu.

Dziko la US ndilo dziko lokha lokha limene likuyendetsa zida za nyukiliya ku mayiko ena, ndipo pankhani ya magulu asanu a nyukiliya, US Air Force ngakhale amaphunzitsa Oyendetsa ndege aku Italy, Germany, Belgian, Turkey ndi Dutch akugwiritsa ntchito ma B61 munkhondo zawo zankhondo - Purezidenti atalamula zotere. Komabe, boma la US limangokhalira kukambirana ndi mayiko ena za kuphwanya kwawo malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi, kukakamiza malire ndi kuwononga zochita.

Ndili ndi mtengo wochuluka, ndizodabwitsa kuti odipatimenti ku UN ali olemekezeka kwambiri kuti awononge dziko la United States kuti asatsutse NPT, ngakhale pamene kulimbikitsidwa ndi kulimbikira kwake kuli patebulo. Monga momwe Henry Thoreau ananenera, "Cholakwika chachikulu ndi chofala kwambiri chimafuna mphamvu yosakhudzidwa kwambiri kuti ikhale nayo."

- John LaForge amagwira ntchito ku Nukewatch, gulu loyang'anira zida za nyukiliya ku Wisconsin, amasintha kalatayi ya Quarterly, ndipo amaphatikizidwa PeaceVoice.