lolembedwa ndi Nicolas JS Davies, Okutobala 12, 2017
kuchokera Nkhani za Consortium
Ofalitsa nkhani zakumadzulo akhala akuganiza zakuti, pafupifupi chaka chapitacho, utsogoleri "wopenga" waku North Korea mwadzidzidzi udakhazikitsa pulogalamu yowononga kuti ikwaniritse bwino zida zake zankhondo. Funso limeneli layankhidwa tsopano.
Mu Seputembara 2016, asitikali achitetezo aku North Korea adabera makompyuta ankhondo aku South Korea ndikutsitsa zikalata za gigabytes 235. BBC yaulula kuti zolembedwazo zidaphatikizaponso ndondomeko yaku US yakupha Purezidenti wa North Korea, Kim Jong Un, ndikuyamba nkhondo yankhondo ku North Korea. Wolemba wamkulu wa BBC pankhaniyi ndi a Rhee Cheol-Hee, membala wa Defense Committee ya South Korea National Assembly.
Ndondomekozi za nkhondo zamenyana zakhala zikuchitika nthawi yaitali. Mu 2003, A US anaphwanya mgwirizano yolembedwa mu 1994 pomwe North Korea idayimitsa pulogalamu yake ya zida za nyukiliya ndipo US idavomereza kupanga makina awiri opangira madzi ku North Korea. Mayiko awiriwa adagwirizananso pakukhazikitsa ubale pang'onopang'ono. Ngakhale pambuyo poti dziko la United States lidapanda maziko a 1994 Framework ku 2003, North Korea sinayambenso ntchito pa magetsi awiriwa pansi pa mgwirizano umenewo, womwe tsopano ukhoza kupanga plutonium yokwanira kupanga zida zambiri za nyukiliya chaka chilichonse.
Komabe, kuchokera ku 2002-03, Purezidenti George W. Bush ataphatikizapo North Korea "kumbali yake yoipa," adachoka ku Chigwirizano Chokhazikika, ndipo adayambitsa nkhondo ya Iraq pa zifukwa zowonongeka za WMD, North Korea inayambanso kukonzanso uranium ndi kupanga chitukuko chokhazikika pakupanga zida za nyukiliya ndi mizati ya ballistic kuti awathandize.
Pogwiritsa ntchito 2016, anthu a ku North Korea nawonso anali ndikudziŵa bwino za kuwonongeka kwa Iraq ndi Libya ndi atsogoleri awo mayiko atapereka zida zawo zosavomerezeka. Sikuti US idangotsogolera kuwukira kwamagazi koma atsogoleri amitundu adaphedwa mwankhanza, Saddam Hussein pomupachika ndipo Muammar Gaddafi adachita zodetsa mpeni kenako ndikuwombera mutu.
Pyongyang ndipo chinayambitsa pulogalamu yosayembekezereka yofulumira kukweza mapulogalamu a missile a North Korea. Zida zake za nyukiliya zikuyesa kuti zikhoza kupanga zida za nyukiliya zoyamba, koma zidafunika kuti zipangizo zowonongeka zisanafike poti zisawonongeke kuti zowononga zida za nyukiliya zikhoza kukhala zowonongeka kuti zisawononge ku America.
Mwanjira ina, cholinga chachikulu cha North Korea chakhala kutseka kusiyana pakati pa njira zomwe zilipo kale ndiukadaulo waukadaulo womwe ungafunike kuti abwezeretse zida zanyukiliya zobwezera United States. Atsogoleri aku North Korea akuwona kuti uwu ndi mwayi wawo wokha woti apulumuke ku chiwonongeko chomwechi ku North Korea pa nkhondo yoyamba yaku Korea, pomwe asitikali aku US motsogozedwa aku US awononga mizinda, tawuni ndi mafakitale onse ndipo General Curtis LeMay adadzitama kuti ziwopsezozo anapha 20 peresenti ya anthu.
Kupyolera mu 2015 ndi oyambirira a 2016, kumpoto kwa Korea kunayesedwa mfuti yatsopano, i Pukkuksong-1 chida cham'madzi cham'madzi. Chombocho chinayambira kuchokera m'madzi oyenda pansi pamadzi ndipo chinauluka ma 300 mamailosi pamapeto omaliza, oyeserera bwino, omwe adagwirizana ndi zomwe US-South Korea idachita pachaka mu Ogasiti 2016.
North Korea idakhazikitsanso satelayiti yake yayikulu kwambiri mpaka pano mu february 2016, koma galimoto yoyendetsa idawoneka ngati yofanana ndi Unha-3 Anayambitsa kukhazikitsa satelesi yaying'ono ku 2012.
Komabe, kuyambira poti nkhondo ya US-South Korea ikukonzekera chaka chapitacho, North Korea yathamangitsa kwambiri kayendedwe ka chitukuko cha misempha, osachepera mayesero ena 27 za mivi yatsopano yatsopano ndikuibweretsa pafupi kwambiri ndi choletsa zida zanyukiliya chodalirika. Nayi mndandanda wamayeso:
-Two mayesero awiri analephera kuwona maulendo a Hwasong-10 othawirapo pakati pa October 2016.
-Miyeso iwiri yoyenda bwino ya mivi ya Pukguksong-2 yapakatikati, mu February ndi Meyi 2017. Zombolazo zidatsata njira zofananira, kukwera mpaka kutalika kwa ma 340 mamailosi ndikufikira kunyanja mamailosi a 300 kutali. Ofufuza aku South Korea amakhulupirira kuti chida chonsechi ndi pafupifupi ma 2,000 XNUMX mamailosi, ndipo North Korea yati mayeserowa atsimikizira kuti ndi okonzeka kupanga misa.
- Mitsinje yamakono yozungulira yomwe inkayenda pafupifupi ma 620 mailosi kuchokera ku dera la Tongchang-ri mu March 2017.
-Two mwachiwonekere analephera mayeso ochokera ku Sinpo submarine maziko mu April 2017.
-Sixoyero zosiyana za mizati yamtundu wa Hwasong-12 (range: 2,300 ku 3,700 mailosi) kuyambira April 2017.
-Kuyesa koyeserera kwa chida chomwe amakhulupirira kuti ndi "KN-17" kuchokera ku eyapoti ya Pukchang mu Epulo 2017.
-Kuyesa kwa chida chotsutsana ndi sitima ya Scud chomwe chidawuluka mamailo 300 ndikufikira Nyanja ya Japan, ndi mayeso ena awiri mu Meyi 2017.
Mipira yodutsa panyanja yothamangitsidwa kuchokera ku East Coast mu June 2017.
-Kuyesedwa kwa injini yatsopano yatsopano, mwina kwa ICBM, mu June 2017.
-North Korea idayesa ma Hwasong-14 "pafupi-ICBM" mu Julayi 2017. Kutengera mayesowa, Hwasong-14 itha kumenya zigoli zazikulu ngati mizinda ku Alaska kapena Hawaii ndi mutu umodzi wa zida za nyukiliya, koma mpaka pano US West Coast.
-Mipikisano yambiri yayesedwa mu August 2017, kuphatikizapo Hwasong-12 yomwe inayendetsa dziko la Japan ndi kuyenda maulendo a 1,700 isanayambe, mwinamwake chifukwa cha kulephera ku "Galimoto Yopititsa Patsogolo" yowonjezera kuti ikule bwino komanso molondola.
- Mishoni ina ya ballistic inadutsa 2,300 mailosi pamwamba pa Pacific pa September 15, 2017.
Kufufuza mayesero awiriwa a Hwasong-14 mu Julayi ndi Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists (BAS) adatsimikiza kuti zida izi sizikwanitsa kunyamula zolipira 500 kg mpaka Seattle kapena mizinda ina yaku US West Coast. BAS idanenanso kuti chida chanyukiliya cham'badwo woyamba kutengera mtundu waku Pakistani womwe North Korea ikukhulupirira kuti ikutsatira sukanatha kulemera makilogalamu ochepera 500, kulemera kwa mutu wankhondo komanso chishango chotentha kuti zisabwerere mlengalenga nkhani.
Zochitika Padziko Lonse
Kudziwitsa za gawo la nkhondo yaku US pakukulitsa kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa pulogalamu ya zida zaku North Korea kuyenera kukhala kosintha masewera poyankha dziko ku mavuto aku Korea, chifukwa zikuwonetsa kuti kupititsa patsogolo kwa zida zankhondo yaku North Korea ndikuteteza kuyankha kuwopseza koopsa komanso komwe kungachitike ku United States.
Ngati bungwe la United Nations Security Council silinachite mantha ndi asitikali ku United States, chidziwitsochi chiyenera kuyambitsa kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu ku Security Council kuti mbali zonse zizipereka mwamtendere ndikukambirana zokambirana kuti athetse nkhondo yaku Korea ndikuchotsa kuopseza nkhondo kuchokera kwa anthu onse aku Korea. Ndipo dziko lonse lapansi lidzagwirizana pazandale komanso zamtendere kuti aletse US kuti isagwiritse ntchito veto yake kuti isayankhe mlandu pazomwe akutsogolera pamavutowa. Kuyanjana kwapadziko lonse lapansi pazomwe zitha kuchitika ku US zomwe zitha kutsimikizira North Korea kuti itetezedwa ngati itha kuyimitsa pulogalamu yake ya zida za nyukiliya.
Koma mgwirizanowu poyang'anizana ndi chiwopsezo chaukali ku US sichikadachitikepo. Nthumwi zambiri za UN zidakhala chete ndikumvetsera pa Seputembala 19 pomwe Purezidenti Donald Trump adawawopseza momveka bwino za nkhondo komanso nkhanza North Korea, Iran ndi Venezuela, pomwe adadzitamanda pamsana wake pomenyana ndi Suria pa April 6 pazinthu zopanda pake komanso zotsutsa zokhudzana ndi zida za mankhwala.
Kwa zaka 20 zapitazi, United States yakhala ngati "wamphamvu wotsiriza wotsalira" komanso "dziko lofunikira," lamulo ladziko lonse lapansi, logwiritsa ntchito kuwopsa kwa uchigawenga komanso kuchuluka kwa zida komanso kukwiya kwambiri pa "olamulira mwankhanza" monga nkhani zabodza zotsimikizira nkhondo zosaloledwa, uchigawenga wothandizidwa ndi CIA, kuchuluka kwa zida zake, komanso kuthandizira olamulira mwankhanza monga olamulira ankhanza aku Saudi Arabia ndi mafumu ena achiarabu.
Kwa nthawi yayitali, United States yakhala ikuwonekera kawiri pamalamulo apadziko lonse lapansi, kutchula izi pamene mdani wina angaimbidwe mlandu wophwanya koma osanyalanyaza pomwe US kapena anzawo akupondaponda ufulu wa dziko lina losavomerezeka. Khothi Lalikulu Padziko Lonse adatsutsidwa ndi United States of aggression (kuphatikizapo zigawenga) motsutsana ndi Nicaragua ku 1986, a US adachoka ku ulamuliro wa ICJ.
Kuyambira pamenepo, US idadumphadumpha pamakonzedwe apadziko lonse lapansi, ikudalira mphamvu zandale zake "Nkhondo yeniyeni" kudzipanga okha kukhala oyang'anira malamulo ndi bata mdziko lapansi, ngakhale kuti imaphwanya mwadongosolo malamulo oyambira omwe adalembedwa mu UN Charter ndi Misonkhano ya Geneva.
Zofalitsa za US zikuchitira izo UN Charter ndi Misonkhano Yachigawo cha Geneva, "Osadzachitanso" padziko lonse lapansi kunkhondo, kuzunza komanso kupha mamiliyoni a anthu wamba mu Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, monga zotsalira za nthawi ina yomwe ikadakhala yopusa kuyitenga mozama.
Koma zotsatira za njira ina yaku US - malingaliro ake osamvera malamulo "atha kupanga bwino" - tsopano ndiwowonekeratu kwa onse. M'zaka 16 zapitazi, nkhondo zaku America pambuyo pa 9/11 zapha kale anthu osachepera mamiliyoni awiri, mwina ambiri, osatha kupha anthu pomwe malingaliro aku US onkhondo zosaloledwa akupitilizabe kulowererana mdziko lonse lapansi mu ziwawa komanso chisokonezo.
Mantha a Ally
Monga momwe mapulogalamu a miseche ya kumpoto kwa Korea ya Korea amachitira poyera njira zowonetsera poyang'ana kuopseza kwa Pyongyang ku US, kuwonetsa kwa dongosolo la nkhondo la US ndi mabungwe a ku America ku South Korea ndichinthu chodziwikiratu cha kudzipulumutsa, popeza iwo anaopsezedwa ndi kuthekera kwa nkhondo pa chilumba cha Korea.
Tsopano mwina ogwirizana ena aku US, mayiko olemera omwe apereka zandale komanso zamalamulo pazaka 20 zaku US zankhondo zosavomerezeka, pamapeto pake akhazikitsanso umunthu wawo, ulamuliro wawo komanso maudindo awo malinga ndi malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi, ndikuyamba kuganiziranso zaudindo wawo Othandizana nawo achichepere muukali waku US.
Mayiko monga UK, France ndi Australia posachedwapa adzasankha pakati pa maudindo akutsogolo mdziko lokhazikika, lamtendere lamayiko ambiri komanso kukhulupirika kwankhanza kuimfa yakusokonekera kwambiri ku US hegemony. Tsopano ikhoza kukhala nthawi yabwino yopanga chisankhochi, asanakokere kunkhondo zatsopano zaku US ku Korea, Iran kapena Venezuela.
Ngakhale Sen. Bob Corker, R-Tennessee, wapampando wa Senate Foreign Relations Committee, akuwopa kuti a Donald Trump atsogolera anthu kupita pankhondo yachitatu yapadziko lonse. Koma zitha kudabwitsa anthu aku Iraq, Afghanistan, Syria, Yemen, Somalia, Libya ndi madera ena khumi ndi awiri omwe ali kale ndi nkhondo zoyendetsedwa ndi US kuti adziwe kuti sali kale pankhondo yachitatu yapadziko lonse.
Mwina chomwe chikudetsa nkhawa Senator ndikuti iye ndi anzawo sangathenso kuthana ndi nkhanza zosatha pansi pamakapeti omenyera maholo a Congress popanda a genteel Barack Obama ku White House kuti alankhule nawo ogwirizana ku US padziko lonse lapansi sungani mamiliyoni akuphedwa pankhondo zaku US pama TV aku US ndi makompyuta, osawoneka komanso osazindikira.
Ngati andale aku US komanso padziko lonse lapansi angafune kuyipa kwa a Donald Trump ngati kalilole waumbombo wawo, umbuli wawo komanso ulemu wawo, kuwachititsa manyazi kuti asinthe njira zawo, zikhale choncho - chilichonse chomwe chingafunike. Koma siziyenera kuthawa aliyense kulikonse kuti siginecha ya nkhondoyi yomwe ikuwopseza kupha mamiliyoni aku Korea sinali ya a Donald Trump koma a Barack Obama.
A George Orwell atha kukhala kuti akufotokozera zakhungu lachiwawa la anthu akumadzulo omwe amakhala okhutira, osokeretsa komanso osagwirizana nawo adalemba izi mu 1945,
"Zomwe zikuchitika zimakhala zabwino kapena zoipa, osati pa zofunikira zawo, koma malinga ndi omwe amachita, ndipo palibe mtundu uliwonse wa chizunzo, kuzunzidwa, kugwidwa, kukakamizidwa, kuthamangitsidwa, kutsekeredwa kundende popanda mlandu, , kupha, kuphulika kwa anthu wamba - zomwe sizisintha mtundu wake ngati zimaperekedwa ndi mbali yathu ... Nationalist sizitsutsa zokhazokha zomwe zimapangidwa ndi iye mwini, koma ali ndi mphamvu zodabwitsa ngakhale kumva za iwo. "
Nayi mfundo yake: United States yakhala ikukonzekera kupha Kim Jong Un ndikuyamba nkhondo yankhondo ku North Korea. Apo. Inu mwamva izo. Tsopano, kodi mungayesedwe kukhulupirira kuti Kim Jong Un ndi "wopenga" ndipo North Korea ndiye chiwopsezo chachikulu ku mtendere wapadziko lonse?
Kapena kodi tsopano mukudziwa kuti United States ndiyo yomwe ingasokoneze mtendere ku Korea, monga momwe zinaliri ku Iraq, Libya ndi maiko ena ambiri kumene atsogoleri adawonedwa ngati "openga" ndipo akuluakulu aku US (komanso atolankhani aku Western) adalimbikitsa nkhondo ngati njira yokhayo "yomveka"?
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Nicolas JS Davies ndiye mlembi wa Magazi M'manja Mwathu: Kuukira kwa America ndi Kuwonongedwa kwa Iraq. Adalembanso machaputala onena za "Obama pa Nkhondo" Polemba Purezidenti wa 44: Khadi La Lipoti Pa Nthawi Yoyamba ya Barack Obama ngati Mtsogoleri Wopita Patsogolo.
