Ndi John LaForge
North Korea May May 7 adzalengeza kuti sizingakhale zoyamba kugwiritsa ntchito zida za nyukiliya atanyozedwa kwambiri m'malo momasuka ndi kuwomba. Palibe lipoti limodzi la chilengezo chimene ndapeza kuti United States sanagwiritsepo ntchito chigamulo choyambirira. Palibe nkhani zitatu zokha zomwe zinanenapo kuti North Korea ilibe nkhondo yomenyera nyukiliya imodzi yokha. Nyuzipepala ya New York Times inavomereza kuti, "Akuluakulu a ku United States ndi a ku South Korea ankakayikira kuti North Korea yakhazikitsa missile yodalirika yophatikizapo zinthu zomwe zingapereke nyukiliya ku United States."
Nyukiliya "ntchito yoyamba" imatanthawuza kuwononga kwa nyukiliya sneak kapena kuchuluka kwa chiwonongeko chochulukirapo mpaka kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zida za nyukiliya, ndipo apurezidenti akhala akuopseza nthawi zambiri ngati 15 nthawi. Mukumanga kwa 1991 Persian Gulf bombing, akuluakulu a US kuphatikizapo Def. Mph. Dick Cheney ndi Sec. wa State James Baker poyera komanso mobwerezabwereza ananenapo kuti US angagwiritse ntchito zida za nyukiliya. Pakati pa mabomba, Rep. Dan Burton, R-Ind., Ndi wolemba mabuku wina wotchedwa Cal Thomas onse amalimbikitsa nkhondo ya nyukiliya ku Iraq.
Mu Epulo 1996, Wachiwiri kwa Secretary Secretary wa Purezidenti Bill Clinton, a Herald Smith, adawopseza poyera kuti adzagwiritsa ntchito zida za nyukiliya motsutsana ndi Libya yomwe sinali ya nyukiliya - yomwe inali chipani cha Pangano la Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty - pomuganizira kuti akupanga chinsinsi cha zida zankhondo. Mlembi wa chitetezo ku Clinton a William J. Perry atafunsidwa za chiwopsezochi adawabwereza, nati, "[Sitidzalola kuti izi zichitike." (Pangano la Nonproliferation Treaty limaletsa kuukira kwanyukiliya maphwando ena aboma.)
Mu "Presidential Directive Directive 60" (PD 60) wa Nov. 1997, Clinton adalengeza kuti magulu a nyukiliya ayambe kugwiritsa ntchito nkhondo. Mabomba a US H tsopano anali akuyang'aniridwa ndi mayiko omwe amadziwika ndi Dipatimenti ya Boma kuti "ayambe kugonana." PD 60 inachititsa mantha kwambiri kuti zitha kuwononga zida za nyukiliya. Chiphunzitso cha Clinton "chikanalola kuti US ayambe zida za nyukiliya pogwiritsa ntchito zida zamagetsi kapena zachilengedwe," linatero Los Angeles ndi New York Times. (Kudandaula kuti timafunikira mabomba a H kuti tipewe kugwidwa ndi mankhwala ndikutanthauza kuti tikufunikira zida za nyukiliya kuti tiphike madzi.) Ponyamula ndondomeko yotsutsana ndi mabasi, Clinton "adalamula kuti asilikali ... asungire ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito zida za nyukiliya poyamba, chiwonongeko cha mdani wa nkhondo. "
Lamulo la a Clinton linali kudzudzula koopsa ku National Academy of Science (NAS) - gulu lowalangiza kwambiri pankhani yasayansi - lomwe lidalimbikitsa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi m'mbuyomu, pa Juni 18, 1997, kuti US, "yalengeza kuti siyikhala yoyamba kugwiritsa ntchito zida za nyukiliya pankhondo kapena pamavuto. ” M'mwezi wa Epulo 1998, kazembe wa Clinton ku US ku Moscow sanayesenso kukana kugwiritsa ntchito zida za nyukiliya polimbana ndi Iraq, nati, "… sitikuneneratu kuthekera kulikonse komwe tingapeze."
Pomwepo, mu Januwale ndi February 2003, Mlembi wa boma, Colin Powell ndi mlembi wa White House Press Ari Fleischer adakana kunena mosapita m'mbali zida za nyukiliya monga nkhondo ku Iraq, kunena kuti malamulo a US sanayenera kulamulira, Wade Boese wa Arms Control Association inanena. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, Def. Mph. Donald Rumsfeld adati a Feb. Komiti ya 13 Senate Armed Services yomwe inamva kuti lamuloli likulamula kuti US, "... sichidzagwiritsanso ntchito zida za nyukiliya ngati zidzasokonezedwa."
Kuthetsa ziwopsezo zophulitsa bomba izi kungabweretse United States mogwirizana ndi zomwe Purezidenti amayankhula zomwe zakhala zikutsutsa "uchigawenga wanyukiliya." Mgwirizano wapadziko lonse wonena za "chitetezo cha zida zosagwiritsa ntchito zida za nyukiliya," chovomerezedwa ndi mayiko asanu okhala ndi zida za nyukiliya pa Meyi 11, 1995, sichinathetsere milandu yabodza yomwe amapatsidwa. Panganoli ladzaza ndi kusiyanasiyana - mwachitsanzo, PD 60 - ndipo silimangika. Ndi China chokha chomwe chapanga lonjezo losatsutsika ili: "Palibe nthawi iliyonse ndipo konse dziko la China lidzakhala loyamba kugwiritsa ntchito zida za nyukiliya ndipo [China] ikuchita mosavomerezeka kuti isagwiritse ntchito kapena kuopseza kugwiritsa ntchito zida za nyukiliya polimbana ndi mayiko omwe alibe zida za nyukiliya komanso malo opanda zida za nyukiliya. . ” India yapanganso lonjezo lofananira.
Kutsutsa kwa US koyamba kugwiritsira ntchito kumathandiza kuti mitu yowonongeka ikhale yogonjetsa pomaliza mpikisano pa chomwe chimatchedwa "chilolezo" ntchito ya Bomb. Icho chidzathetseranso kuphwanya kwabodza kwa anthu polalikira kuti zida za nyukiliya ndizoletsa kokha pamene zikukonzekera ziwonongeko "isanayambe kuphedwa kwa adani."
Kulonjeza "palibe ntchito yoyamba" kungapulumutse mabiliyoni ambiri a dollar mu kafukufuku, chitukuko ndi kupanga, komanso mtengo wogwiritsira ntchito machitidwe oyambirira: Mabomba a B61 H, Nyanja zapamadzi zapamadzi za Trident, Cruise ndi mabomba a misasa.
Chochititsa chidwi ndi chakuti, okonza zida zanyukiliya omwe agwiritsa ntchito "master card" yawo yoyamba amakhulupirira kuti anali opambana - momwe wakuba amapezera thumba la ndalama pogwiritsa ntchito mfuti yodzaza koma osakoka. Akufuna kupititsa patsogolo maliseche awo oopsa, ndipo apanga manyazi kuti asaletse kugwiritsa ntchito zida za nyukiliya koyamba, chifukwa kutero kungapangitse kukayikira zifukwa "zopambana" zovomerezeka zoyeserera mabomba a radiation ku Hiroshima ndi Nagasaki mu 1945.
A US akuyenera kulandira chilankhulo chodziwika cha China kuti asagwiritse ntchito zida za nyukiliya poyamba kapena zotsutsana ndi zida za nyukiliya. Ngati Pulezidenti Obama akufuna kuthetsa mikangano ya dziko popanda kudandaula kwa Hiroshima pamene akuchezera mzinda wachisudzo, adzalandire cholowa cha Clinton pulezidenti yekha, akulengeza kuti dziko la US silidzakhalanso loyambanso kupita ku nyukiliya.
John LaForge, wogwirizana ndi PeaceVoice, ndi Co-Director of Nukewatch, gulu la mtendere ndi zachilengedwe ku Wisconsin, ndipo ali mkonzi wa zokambirana ndi Arianne Peterson wa Nuclear Heartland, Revised: A Guide ku Misasa ya 450 Land-Based United States.
