Osadandaula kupepesa, Obama ayenera kuvomereza chowonadi
Ndi David Swanson, SUNGANI
Kuyambira asanalowe ku White House, Barack Obama adaganiza zothana ndi milandu yakale ndi anthu amphamvu ndi mabungwe kudzera mu ndondomeko yotchedwa "kuyembekezera" - mwa kuyankhula kwina, ponyalanyaza. Pomwe Purezidenti Obama adayang'ana oimba mlandu ndi kubwezera milandu ndi milandu yambiri kuposa omwe adamutsogolera, adathamangitsa osamukira kumayiko ena, ndikuyatsa magetsi ku Guantanamo, aliyense amene ali ndi mlandu wankhondo kapena kupha anthu, kuzunza kapena kutsekeredwa m'ndende mopanda lamulo kapena miseche yayikulu ya Wall Street (kapena kugawana zinsinsi zankhondo ndi one's matress) wapatsidwa chiphaso chonse. Chifukwa chiyani Harry Truman sayenera kulandira mwayi womwewo?
Lamuloli, lomwe tsopano likubweretsedwa ku Hiroshima, lalephera momvetsa chisoni. Nkhondo zozikidwa pa mabodza ku Congress zasamutsidwa ndi nkhondo popanda Congress konse. Kupha ndi kuthandizira pazachigawenga ndi mfundo zotseguka za anthu, ndikusankha Lachiwiri kupha mndandanda ndi thandizo la Dipatimenti Yaboma ku Honduras, Ukraine, ndi Brazil. Kuzunza, mumgwirizano watsopano wa Washington, ndi chisankho chomwe chili ndi munthu mmodzi yemwe akufuna kukhala pulezidenti kuti azigwiritsa ntchito kwambiri. Kumangidwa mopanda malamulo kulinso kolemekezeka m'dziko loyembekezeredwa ndi losinthika, ndipo Wall Street ikuchita zomwe idachita kale.
Obama adanyamula mfundo iyi "yoyembekezera" kumbuyo m'mbuyo, ulendo wake usanafike ku Hiroshima. “Kuyembekezera” kumangofuna kunyalanyaza upandu ndi udindo; kumalola kuvomereza zochitika m’mbuyomo ngati munthu atero ndi nkhope yooneka yochita chisoni ndi yofunitsitsa kusuntha. Ngakhale Obama sanagwirizane ndi Purezidenti George W. Bush pa Iraq, Bush ankatanthauza bwino, kapena akutero Obama tsopano. Monga momwe asilikali a US ku Vietnam adachitira, Obama akutero. Nkhondo yaku Korea inalidi chigonjetso, Obama adalengeza modabwitsa. “Oika moyo pachiswe, ochita . . . [omwe] anakhazikitsa Kumadzulo” amatsimikizira “ukulu wa mtundu wathu.” Umu ndi momwe Obama adalimbikitsira kupha anthu aku North America mukulankhula kwake koyamba. Kodi munthu angayembekezere kuti anganene chiyani za kupha anthu ambiri ku Hiroshima ndi Nagasaki zomwe boma la Truman lidalowamo Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse isanathe?
Olimbikitsa mtendere ambiri amene ndimalemekeza kwambiri akhalapo, limodzi ndi opulumuka ku Hiroshima ndi Nagasaki (otchedwa hibakusha), kulimbikitsa Obama kuti apepese chifukwa cha mabomba a nyukiliya komanso / kapena kukumana mwachidule ndi opulumuka. Sinditsutsana ndi izi, koma ma rhetoric ndi ma photo ops sizomwe zimafunikira ndipo zimatha kulimbana ndi zomwe zimafunikira. Chifukwa chakulankhula kwake komanso umembala wachipani, a Obama wapatsidwa chiphaso cha kutentha kwake kwazaka zopitilira zisanu ndi ziwiri. Ndikanakonda kuti asanene chilichonse, osalankhula chilichonse. Chifukwa cha zolankhula ku Prague pomwe a Obama adanyengerera anthu kuti kuchotsa ma nukes kuyenera kutenga zaka makumi ambiri, adapatsidwa mwayi wopereka ndalama zambiri ku nukes zatsopano, kupitiliza ndondomeko yankhondo yoyamba, ma nukes ambiri ku Europe, adakulitsa chidani ku Russia, kupitiliza kusamvera. ndi pangano losachulukirachulukira, komanso kuchita mantha koopsa kuzungulira pulogalamu yowopsa ya zida zanyukiliya yaku Iran (ngakhale kulibe).
Chomwe chimafunika si kupepesa monga kuvomereza zoona zake. Anthu akamaphunzira zowona zonena za kupulumutsidwa pamwamba pa mapiri ku Iraq, kapena komwe ISIS idachokera, ngati Gadaffi anali kuwopseza kupha anthu ambiri ndikupereka Viagra chifukwa chogwiriridwa, ngati Iraq anali ndi WMDs kapena adachotsa ana m'ma incubators, zomwe zidachitika Gulf of Tonkin, chifukwa chiyani Ma USS Maine linaphulitsidwa mu doko la Havana, ndi zina zotero, ndiye anthu akutembenukira kunkhondo. Kenako onse amayamba kukhulupirira kuti kupepesa n’kofunika. Ndipo amapepesa m’malo mwa boma lawo. Ndipo amafuna kupepesa mwalamulo. Izi ndi zomwe ziyenera kuchitika ku Hiroshima.
Ndalowa nawo osayina opitilira 50 aku US pakalata yolembedwa ndi wolemba mbiri Peter Kuznick kuti isindikizidwe pa Meyi 23rd yomwe imapempha Purezidenti Obama kuti agwiritse ntchito bwino ulendo wake ku Hiroshima ndi:
- "Kukumana ndi a Hibakusha onse omwe amatha kupezekapo
- Kulengeza kutha kwa mapulani a US kugwiritsa ntchito $ 1 thililiyoni ku mbadwo watsopano wa zida za nyukiliya ndi machitidwe awo operekera
- Kulimbikitsanso zokambirana za zida za nyukiliya kuti zipitirire ku New START polengeza kuchepetsedwa kwa zida za nyukiliya zomwe zidatumizidwa ku US ku zida za nyukiliya za 1,000 kapena zochepa.
- Kupempha Russia kuti igwirizane ndi United States poyitanitsa 'zokambirana za chikhulupiriro chabwino' zomwe zimafunidwa ndi Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty kuti athetseretu zida za nyukiliya padziko lonse lapansi.
- Kuganiziranso kukana kwanu kupepesa kapena kukambirana za mbiri yozungulira mabomba a A, omwe ngakhale Purezidenti Eisenhower, Generals MacArthur, King, Arnold, ndi LeMay ndi Admirals Leahy ndi Nimitz adanena kuti sizinali zofunikira kuthetsa nkhondoyo. "
Ngati Purezidenti Obama angopepesa, osafotokoza zenizeni za nkhaniyi, ndiye kuti angodzudzulidwa ngati wachiwembu popanda kupangitsa anthu aku US kuti achepetse nkhondo. Kufunika "kukambirana mbiri yakale" kotero ndikofunikira.
Atafunsidwa ngati Obama akanachita zomwe Truman anachita, wolankhulira Obama Josh Earnest anati: “Ndikuganiza kuti zimene pulezidenti anganene n’zakuti n’kovuta kudziika pampando umenewo kuchokera kunja. Ndikuganiza zomwe Purezidenti amayamikira ndikuti Purezidenti Truman adapanga chisankho pazifukwa zoyenera. Pulezidenti Truman ankaganizira kwambiri za chitetezo cha dziko la United States, . . . pothetsa nkhondo yoopsa. Ndipo purezidenti Truman adapanga chisankho ichi mosaganizira kwambiri za vuto la anthu. Ndikuganiza kuti zimandivuta kuyang'ana m'mbuyo ndikungoganiza kuti ndizovuta kwambiri. "
Ichi ndi "chiyembekezo" chofunikira kwambiri. Munthu sayenera kuyang'ana m'mbuyo ndi kuganiza kuti wina wamphamvu adachita cholakwika. Munthu ayenera kuyang'ana m'mbuyo ndi kuganiza kuti anali ndi zolinga zabwino, motero amapereka "chiwonongeko" chilichonse chimene adawononga pa zolinga zabwino zonsezo.
Izi sizikanakhala zovuta kwambiri ngati anthu a ku United States akanadziwa mbiri yeniyeni ya zomwe zinachitika ku Hiroshima. Nayi Reuters yaposachedwa nkhani kusiyanitsa mwanzeru zomwe anthu a ku United States amaganiza ndi zomwe akatswiri a mbiri yakale amamvetsetsa:
"Anthu ambiri aku America amawona kuti kuphulika kwa mabomba kunali kofunikira kuti athetse nkhondo ndikupulumutsa miyoyo ya US ndi Japan, ngakhale olemba mbiri ambiri amakayikira maganizo amenewa. Ambiri a ku Japan amakhulupirira kuti zinali zosayenerera.”
Reuters ikupitiliza kulimbikitsa kuyang'ana kutsogolo:
"Akuluakulu m'mayiko onsewa afotokoza momveka bwino kuti akufuna kutsindika za zomwe zikuchitika komanso zamtsogolo, osati kukumba zakale, monga momwe atsogoleri awiriwa amalemekezera anthu onse omwe akhudzidwa ndi nkhondoyi."
Kulemekeza ozunzidwa popewa kuyang'ana zomwe zidawachitikira? Pafupifupi moseketsa, a Reuters amatembenukira nthawi yomweyo kufunsa boma la Japan kuti liyang'ane m'mbuyo:
"Ngakhale popanda kupepesa, ena akuyembekeza kuti ulendo wa Obama udzawonetsa mtengo wochuluka wa anthu chifukwa cha kuphulika kwa mabomba ndi kukakamiza dziko la Japan kuti lichitepo kanthu pa udindo ndi nkhanza zake."
Monga kuyenera. Koma kodi a Obama adzayendera bwanji pamalo pomwe pali chigawenga chachikulu komanso chomwe sichinachitikepo, ndikulephera mwatsatanetsatane kuvomereza zachigawenga ndi udindowu kulimbikitsa Japan kuti itenge njira ina?
Ndatero kale adalemba zomwe ndikufuna kumva Obama akunena ku Hiroshima. Nayi ndemanga:
“Kwa zaka zambiri sipanakhalenso mkangano uliwonse waukulu. Masabata angapo bomba loyamba lisanagwe, pa July 13, 1945, dziko la Japan linatumiza telegalamu ku Soviet Union yofotokoza chikhumbo chake chofuna kugonja ndi kuthetsa nkhondoyo. Dziko la United States linali litaphwanya ma code a ku Japan ndipo linawerenga telegalamuyo. Truman adatchula mu zolemba zake za 'telegalamu yochokera kwa Jap Emperor yopempha mtendere.' Purezidenti Truman adadziwitsidwa kudzera mu njira zaku Swiss ndi Chipwitikizi zakubweretsa mtendere ku Japan miyezi itatu Hiroshima isanachitike. Dziko la Japan linakana kugonja mopanda malire n’kusiya mfumu yake, koma dziko la United States linaumirirabe mfundo zimenezi mpaka pamene mabombawo anagwa, n’kumene linalola dziko la Japan kusunga mfumu yake.
“Mlangizi wa pulezidenti James Byrnes anauza Truman kuti kuponya mabomba kungachititse kuti dziko la United States ‘lilembe mfundo zothetsa nkhondo.’ Mlembi wa Navy James Forrestal analemba m'buku lake kuti Byrnes 'ankafunitsitsa kwambiri kuthetsa nkhani ya ku Japan kuti athetseretu anthu a ku Russia.' Truman analemba m'buku lake kuti a Soviet akukonzekera kumenyana ndi Japan ndi 'Fini Japs pamene izo zidzachitika.' Truman adalamula kuti bomba ligwe ku Hiroshima pa Ogasiti 6 ndi bomba la mtundu wina, bomba la plutonium, lomwe asitikali amafunanso kuyesa ndikuwonetsa, ku Nagasaki pa Ogasiti 9. Komanso pa August 9, asilikali a Soviet anaukira Japan. M’milungu iwiri yotsatira, asilikali a Soviet anapha 84,000 a ku Japan pamene anataya asilikali awo 12,000, ndipo dziko la United States linapitirizabe kuphulitsa mabomba ku Japan ndi zida zosakhala za nyukiliya. Kenako Ajapani anagonja.
"United States Strategic Bombing Survey inatsimikizira kuti, '... ndithu isanafike 31 December, 1945, ndipo mwinamwake isanafike 1 November, 1945, Japan akanagonja ngakhale mabomba a atomiki akanapanda kugwetsedwa, ngakhale dziko la Russia silinagwe. analoŵa m’nkhondoyo, ndipo ngakhale ngati panalibe kuwukira komwe kunalinganizidwa kapena kulingalira.’ Mmodzi wotsutsa yemwe adanenanso maganizo omwewo kwa Mlembi wa Nkhondo zisanachitike mabomba anali General Dwight Eisenhower. Wapampando wa akuluakulu a asilikali William D. Leahy anavomereza kuti: 'Kugwiritsa ntchito chida chankhanza ku Hiroshima ndi Nagasaki sikunatithandize pankhondo yathu yolimbana ndi Japan. A Japan anali atagonjetsedwa kale ndipo anali okonzeka kugonja, "adatero.
Mwamwayi padziko lapansi, mayiko omwe si a nyukiliya akuyenda kuti aletse zida za nyukiliya. Kubweretsa mayiko a nyukiliya ndikuchotsa zida kudzafunika kuyamba kunena zoona.
