@MayaAnneEvans
Mwezi uno, akuluakulu a boma la France (othandizidwa ndi ndalama zoperekedwa ndi boma la UK ku ndalama zokwana £62 miliyoni) [1] akhala akugwetsa 'nkhalango,' chipululu chapoizoni m'mphepete mwa Calais. Poyamba malo otayirako zinyalala, 4 km² pano ali ndi anthu pafupifupi 5,000 othawa kwawo omwe adakankhidwira kumeneko chaka chatha. Gulu lochititsa chidwi la mayiko 15 omwe amatsatira zipembedzo zosiyanasiyana ndi nkhalango. Okhalamo apanga mashopu ndi malo odyera omwe, limodzi ndi ma hamamu ndi malo ometa amathandizira kuti pakhale chuma chaching'ono mkati mwa msasawo. Zomangamanga za m'midzi tsopano zikuphatikiza masukulu, mizikiti, matchalitchi ndi zipatala.
Afghans, owerengeka pafupifupi 1,000, ndiye gulu lalikulu kwambiri ladziko. Pakati pa gululi pali anthu ochokera ku fuko lililonse lalikulu ku Afghanistan: Pashtoons, Hazaras, Uzbeks ndi Tajik. The Jungle ndi chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi cha momwe anthu amitundu ndi mafuko osiyanasiyana amatha kukhalira limodzi mogwirizana, ngakhale kuti pali mavuto opondereza komanso kuphwanya ufulu wadziko lonse ndi ufulu wa anthu. Mikangano ndi mikangano nthawi zina zimayamba, koma nthawi zambiri zimayambitsidwa ndi akuluakulu aku France kapena ozembetsa.
Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi uno Teresa May adapambana nkhondo yayikulu kuti ayambitsenso ndege zothamangitsira anthu aku Afghan kubwerera ku Kabul, chifukwa tsopano kuli bwino kubwerera ku likulu. [2]
Miyezi itatu yokha yapitayo ndinakhala mu ofesi ya Kabul ya 'Stop Deportation to Afghanistan.' [3] Kuwala kwa Dzuwa kunadutsa pawindo ngati madzi a golide m'chipinda chapamwamba, mzinda wa Kabul uli ndi fumbi lophulika ngati positi khadi. Bungweli ndi gulu lothandizira lomwe limayendetsedwa ndi Abdul Ghafoor, waku Afghanistan wobadwira ku Pakistan yemwe adakhala zaka 3 ku Norway, koma adathamangitsidwa ku Afghanistan, dziko lomwe sanapiteko. Ghafoor adandiuza za msonkhano womwe adakhala nawo posachedwa ndi nduna za boma la Afghanistan ndi mabungwe omwe siaboma - adaseka pomwe akufotokoza momwe ogwira ntchito omwe si a Afghanistani omwe si a Afghanistan adafika kumalo okhala ndi zida atavala ma bullet proof vests ndi zipewa, komabe Kabul adawonedwa ngati malo otetezeka. kwa othawa kwawo obwerera. Chinyengo ndi kuwirikiza kawiri zikanakhala nthabwala ngati zotsatirazo sizinali zopanda chilungamo. Kumbali imodzi muli ndi ogwira ntchito ku ofesi ya kazembe yakunja (chifukwa cha chitetezo) [5] ndi helikopita mkati mwa mzinda wa Kabul, ndipo kwinakwake muli ndi maboma osiyanasiyana aku Europe akuti ndizotetezeka kuti zikwi za othawa kwawo abwerere ku Kabul.
Mu 2015, bungwe la United Nations Assistance Mission ku Afghanistan lidalemba anthu 11,002 ophedwa (akufa 3,545 ndi, 7,457 ovulala) kupitirira mbiri yakale mu 2014 [5].
Nditapitako ku Kabul ka 8 pazaka 5 zapitazi, ndakhala ndikuzindikira kuti chitetezo chatsika kwambiri mumzindawu. Monga mlendo sindimayendanso nthawi yayitali kuposa mphindi 5, maulendo atsiku opita ku Panjshir Valley yokongola kapena nyanja ya Qarga tsopano amawonedwa ngati oopsa kwambiri. Mawu m'misewu ya Kabul ndi akuti a Taliban ali ndi mphamvu zokwanira kuti atenge mzindawo koma sangavutike ndi zovuta zoyendetsa; panthawiyi maselo odziimira a ISIS akhazikitsa maziko [6]. Ndimamva nthawi zonse kuti moyo waku Afghanistan lero ndi wotetezeka kwambiri kuposa momwe udaliri pansi pa a Taliban, zaka 14 za nkhondo yothandizidwa ndi US / NATO zakhala tsoka.
Kubwerera ku Jungle, kumpoto kwa France, makilomita 21 kuchokera kuzilumba za Britain, pafupifupi 1,000 Afghans amalota moyo wotetezeka ku Britain. Ena adakhalapo ku Britain, ena ali ndi mabanja ku UK, ambiri adagwirapo ntchito ndi asitikali aku Britain kapena NGOs. Anthu amatengeka maganizo ndi ozembetsa amene amati misewu ya ku Britain ndi yopakidwa ndi golide. Anthu ambiri othawa kwawo akhumudwa ndi mmene amachitira zinthu ku France komwe apolisi amawachitira nkhanza komanso kuukiridwa ndi achiwembu omwe ali kumbali yakumanja. Pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana amaona kuti mwayi wabwino kwambiri wokhala ndi moyo wamtendere uli ku Britain. Kupatula dala ku UK kumangopangitsa chiyembekezocho kukhala chofunikira kwambiri. Ndithudi mfundo yakuti Britain yavomera kutenga othawa kwawo a 20,000 okha ku Syria pazaka zotsatira za 5 [7], ndipo UK ikutenga anthu othawa kwawo a 60 pa 1,000 ya anthu am'deralo omwe adapempha chitetezo ku 2015, poyerekeza ndi Germany yomwe ikutenga 587 [ 8], wakhala akulota kuti Britain ndi dziko la mwayi wapadera.
Ndinalankhula ndi mtsogoleri wa dera la Afghanistan Sohail, yemwe anati: "Ndimakonda dziko langa, ndikufuna kubwerera kukakhala kumeneko, koma sikuli bwino ndipo tilibe mwayi wokhala ndi moyo. Yang'anani mabizinesi onse a m'nkhalango, tili ndi luso, tikungofunika mwayi woti tigwiritse ntchito ". Zokambiranazi zidachitika ku Kabul Café, imodzi mwamalo opezeka anthu ambiri ku Jungle, kutangotsala tsiku limodzi kuti malowo awotchedwe, msewu wonse wakumwera wamashopu ndi malo odyera adaphwanyidwa. Moto utatha, ndinalankhula ndi mtsogoleri wa anthu wa ku Afghanistan yemweyo. Tinayima pakati pa mabwinja ophwasuka pomwe tidamwa tiyi mu cafe ya Kabul. Akumva chisoni kwambiri ndi chiwonongekocho. "N'chifukwa chiyani akuluakulu anatiyika pano, tiyeni tipange moyo ndikuuwononga?"
Masabata awiri apitawo mbali ya kum’mwera kwa nkhalangoyi inagwetsedwa: malo okhala mazana ambiri anawotchedwa kapena kuwomberedwa n’kusiya othawa kwawo pafupifupi 3,500 alibe kopita [9]. A French avomereza tsopano akufuna kusamukira kumpoto kwa msasawo ndi cholinga chokhazikitsanso anthu ambiri othawa kwawo m'mabokosi ophera nsomba oyera, ambiri mwa iwo akhazikitsidwa kale ku nkhalango, ndipo pano akukhala othawa kwawo 1,900. Chidebe chilichonse chimakhala ndi anthu 12, zimakhala zachinsinsi pang'ono, ndipo nthawi zogona zimatsimikiziridwa ndi 'anzako a crate' ndi machitidwe awo a foni yam'manja. Chochititsa mantha kwambiri, wothawa kwawo akuyenera kulembetsa ndi akuluakulu a ku France. Izi zikuphatikizapo kukhala ndi zidindo za zala zanu zojambulidwa pa digito; kwenikweni, ndi sitepe yoyamba kukakamizidwa ku French asylum.
Boma la Britain lakhala likugwiritsa ntchito malamulo a Dublin [10] ngati zifukwa zovomerezeka kuti asatengere chiwerengero cha anthu othawa kwawo. Malamulowa akusonyeza kuti anthu othawa kwawo ayenera kupeza chitetezo m’dziko limene afikako ndi lotetezeka. Ngati zikanatsatiridwa bwino, Turkey, Italy ndi Greece zikanasiyidwa kuti zilandire mamiliyoni othawa kwawo.
Othawa kwawo ambiri akupempha malo opulumukira ku UK mkati mwa Jungle, kuwapatsa mwayi woti ayambe ntchito yopulumukira ku Britain. Chowonadi ndi chakuti misasa ya anthu othawa kwawo ngati Jungle sikuletsa anthu kuti alowe ku UK. M'malo mwake zovuta izi pazaufulu wa anthu zikulimbitsa mabizinesi osaloledwa ndi malamulo komanso ovulaza monga kuzembetsa, uhule ndi kuzembetsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Makampu a anthu othawa kwawo ku Ulaya akusewera m'manja mwa ogulitsa anthu; munthu wina wa ku Afghan anandiuza kuti, ndalama zomwe zikupita kuti zilowetsedwe ku UK tsopano zafika pafupi € 10,000 [11], mtengowu wawonjezeka kawiri pa miyezi ingapo yapitayi. Kukhazikitsa malo opulumukira ku UK kudzachotsanso ziwawa zomwe zimachitika pakati pa oyendetsa magalimoto ndi anthu othawa kwawo, komanso ngozi zowopsa komanso zoopsa zomwe zimachitika panthawi yopita ku UK. Ndizotheka kukhala ndi anthu othawa kwawo omwe akulowa ku UK kudzera mwalamulo monga momwe zilili masiku ano.
Mbali ya kum'mwera kwa msasawo tsopano ili bwinja, yotenthedwa ndi moto, osati chifukwa cha zinthu zochepa chabe. Mphepo ya chipale chofewa imawomba m'malo achipululu. Zinyalala zikuwomba mumphepo, kuphatikiza komvetsa chisoni kwa zinyalala ndi zinthu zamunthu zowotchedwa. Apolisi olimbana ndi zipolowe ku France adagwiritsa ntchito utsi wokhetsa misozi, zida zamadzi ndi zipolopolo zamphira kuthandiza kugwetsa. Pakadali pano zinthu sizikuyenda bwino pomwe mabungwe ena omwe siaboma komanso anthu odzipereka sakufuna kumanganso nyumba ndi zomanga zomwe zitha kugwetsedwa mwachangu ndi akuluakulu aku France.
France ndi Britain pakali pano akupanga mfundo zawo zolowa ndi anthu otuluka. Ndizowopsa kwambiri ku France, ndi lamulo lokhazikitsidwa pa "Liberte, Egalite, Fraternite", kukhazikitsa mfundoyi pakugwetsa nyumba zosakhalitsa, kupatula ndi kumanga othawa kwawo, ndikukakamiza othawa kwawo kulowa m'malo osafunikira. Popatsa anthu ufulu wosankha dziko lawo lothawirako, kuthandizira zosowa zofunika monga malo ogona ndi chakudya, kuyankha ndi umunthu m'malo moponderezedwa, Boma lidzakhala likupangitsa njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera vutoli, komanso kutsatira malamulo apadziko lonse a ufulu waumunthu, malamulo. zakhazikitsidwa kuti ziteteze chitetezo ndi ufulu wa aliyense padziko lapansi masiku ano.
[1] http://www.independent.co.uk/
[2]
http://www.independent.co.uk/
[3] https://kabulblogs.wordpress.
[4]
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/
[5] https://unama.unmissions.org/
[6]
http://www.theguardian.com/
[7]
http://www.theguardian.com/
[8] http://www.bbc.com/news/world-
[9] http://www.vox.com/2016/3/8/
[10]
http://www.ecre.org/topics/
[11]
http://www.theaustralian.com.
