Overseas Base Realignment and Cllock Coalition yatumiza kalata yolimbikitsa ma komiti a Seneti ndi House Armed Services kuti aphatikizire zomwe zikupereka malipoti kumayiko akunja mu FY2020 NDAA kuti awonjezere kuwonekera, kupulumutsa ndalama za olipira msonkho, komanso kukonza chitetezo cha dziko. Kalatayo, yomwe idasungidwa ndi m'munsiyi, idasainidwa ndi akatswiri oposa mabungwe khumi ndi awiri komanso mabungwe.

Mafunso atha kulozera OBRACC2018@gmail.com.

Ndi zikomo,

David

David Vine
Pulofesa
Dipatimenti Yakale
University American
4400 Massachusetts Ave. NW
Washington, DC 20016 USA

August 23, 2019

Wolemekezeka a James Inhofe

Wapampando, Komiti ya Seneti pa Ntchito Zankhondo

 

Wolemekezeka a Jack Reed

Membala Wolembetsa, Komiti Ya Senate pa Ntchito Zankhondo

 

Wolemekezeka Adam Smith

Wapampando, Komiti Yogwira Ntchito Zankhondo

 

Wolemekezeka Mac Thornberry

Membala Udindo, Komiti Yogwira Ntchito Zankhondo

 

Wokondedwa Chairmen Inhofe ndi Smith, ndi Maudindo Amembala Reed ndi Thornberry:

Ndife gulu la akatswiri azankhondo kuyambira paliponse pandale zomwe tikukulimbikitsani kuti musunge. 1079 ya HR 2500, "Lipoti la Zandalama Zaku United States Zoyendetsa Nkhondo Zaku United States," mu National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020. Ngati atayikidwa mokhwima, lipotili lingakulitse chiwonetsero chambiri ndikuwunika kuyang'anira bwino ndalama zogwiritsidwa ntchito pa Pentagon, limathandizira kuyesayesa kwamphamvu kuti athetse kuwononga ndalama, ndikuwonjezera kukonzekera nkhondo ndi chitetezo cha dziko.

Kwa nthawi yayitali, kwakhala kukuwonekera pang'ono paziwonetsero zankhondo zaku US ndi ntchito zakunja. Pali malo ena ankhondo aku 800 aku US ("malo oyambira") kunja kwa mayiko a 50 ndi Washington, DC. Amafalikira m'maiko ena a 80 ndi madera ena — ochulukirachulukirachulukira poyerekeza ndi kutha kwa Cold War. [1]

Kafukufuku adawonetsa kale kuti zitsulo zakunja ndizovuta kwambiri kutseka mukakhazikitsa. Nthawi zambiri, pansi kunja kumakhala kotseguka chifukwa cha bureaucratic inertia yokha.^[2] Akuluakulu ankhondo ndi ena nthawi zambiri amaganiza kuti ngati malo akunja akhalapo, akuyenera kukhala opindulitsa; Congress nthawi zambiri imakakamiza asitikali kuti aunikize kapena kuwonetsa zabwino zachitetezo cha dziko zakunja.

Zoyipa zachinyengo za "Navy Leonard" za Navy, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti madola mamiliyoni makumi ambiri azilipira mopitilira muyeso ndikuwononga ziphuphu pakati pa oyang'anira asitikali apamadzi, ndi chimodzi mwazitsanzo zambiri zakusowa koyang'anira oyang'anira kutsidya lina. Kukula kwa asitikali ku Africa ndi ina: Asitikali anayi atamwalira pankhondo ku Niger ku 2017, mamembala ambiri a Congress adadzidzimuka atazindikira kuti panali asitikali pafupifupi 1,000 mdzikolo. Ngakhale kuti Pentagon yakhala ikunena kuti ili ndi malo amodzi ku Africa - ku Djibouti - kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti tsopano pali makina 40 azithunzi zazikulu (mkulu wina wankhondo adavomereza zomangamanga 46 mu 2017). [3] Muyenera kuti muli m'gulu laling'ono ku Congress lomwe limadziwa kuti asitikali aku US akhala akumenya nawo nkhondo m'maiko osachepera 22 kuyambira 2001, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zoyipa. [4]

Njira zoyang'anira pakadali pano ndizosakwanira kuti a Congress ndi anthu azitha kuyang'anira magulu ankhondo ndi zomwe akuchita kunja. Lipoti la Pentagon la "Base Structure Report" la Pentagon limapereka chidziwitso chokhudza kuchuluka ndi kukula kwa malo omwe ali kutsidya kwa nyanja, komabe, amalephera kupereka lipoti pamakina ambiri odziwika bwino m'maiko padziko lonse lapansi ndipo nthawi zambiri amapereka chidziwitso chosakwanira kapena cholakwika. [5] Ambiri amaganiza kuti Pentagon sidziwa kuchuluka kwamakina akunja.

Dipatimenti Yoteteza "Overseas Cost Report," yomwe idalembedwa m'ndalama zake, imapereka zambiri zokhudzana ndi kukhazikitsa m'malo ena koma si mayiko onse omwe asitikali amasunga. Zambiri za lipotilo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopanda mawu ndipo nthawi zambiri kulibe kwa mayiko ambiri. Kwa zaka zopitilira khumi, DoD yatiuza ndalama zonse pachaka pazakunja $ 20 biliyoni. Kudziyimira pawokha kumawonetsa kuti mtengo weniweni wogwiritsa ntchito ndikusunga maiko akunja ndiwonjezeranso kawiri, wopitilira $ 51 biliyoni pachaka, ndi mtengo wokwanira (kuphatikiza ogwira ntchito) pafupifupi $ 150 biliyoni. [6] Kusowa koyang'anira ndalama zotere chodabwitsa kwambiri chifukwa cha madola mabiliyoni ambiri ochokera kumayiko a Congress ndi zigawo kupita kumayiko ena chaka chilichonse.

Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, lipotilo likufunidwa ndi Sek. 1079 ya HR 2500 ikhoza kukonza kuwonekera kwa magwiridwe ankhondo panja ndikuloleza Congress ndi anthu kuti ayang'anire bwino Pentagon. Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muphatikize Sec. 1079 mu FY2020 NDAA. Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muunikenso chilankhulo kuti mukwaniritse mawu omwe ali m'ndime ya 1, "yophatikizidwira pamndandanda wamalo omwe alipo." Popeza kufotokozera kwa Base Structure Report, kupereka lipoti kuyenera kufotokozera mtengo wake ndi mapindulidwe adziko lonse la otetezedwa Kukhazikitsa kwa America kutsidya lina.

Tikuthokoza chifukwa chotenga mbali zofunikirazi kuti muwonjezere kuwonekera, kupulumutsa ndalama za okhometsa misonkho, komanso kukonza chitetezo cha dziko.

modzipereka,

Mtsinje Wachigawo cha Kumidzi ndi Kugwirizana Kwambiri

Christine Ahn, Women Cross DMZ

Andrew J. Bacevich, Quincy Institute for Responsible Statecraft

Medea Benjamin, Codirector, Codepink

Phyllis Bennis, Wowongolera, New Internationalism Project, Institute for Policy Study

Leah Bolger, CDR, US Navy (ret), Purezidenti World BEYOND War

Noam Chomsky, Pulofesa wa Linguistics wa Laureate, Agnese Nelms Haury Chairman, University of Arizona / Pulofesa Emeritus Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Cynthia Enloe, Pulofesa Wofufuza, Yunivesite ya Clark

Yachilendo Policy Alliance, Inc.

Joseph Gerson, Purezidenti, Campaign for Peace, Disarmament and Common Security

David C. Hendrickson, Colado College

Matthew Hoh, Senior Fellow, Center for International Policy

Mgwirizano wa Guahan Wamtendere ndi Chilungamo

Kyle Kajihiro, Mtendere ndi chilungamo cha Hawaiʻi

Gwyn Kirk, Akazi a Chitetezo Chenicheni

MG Dennis Laich, Gulu Lankhondo laku US, Wopuma pantchito

John Lindsay-Poland, Stop US Arms to Mexico Project Coordinator, Global Exchange; wolemba, Mafumu ku Jungle: Mbiri Yobisika ya US ku Panama

Catherine Lutz, Thomas J. Watson, Jr. Pulofesa wa Banja la Anthropology ndi International Study, Watson Institute for International and Public Affairs ndi department of Anthropology, Brown University

Khury Petersen-Smith, Institute for Policy Studies

Del Spurlock, Phungu Wakale Wakale komanso Mlembi Wothandizira wa US Army for Manpower ndi Reserve Affairs

David Swanson, Executive Director, World BEYOND War

David Vine, Pulofesa, Department of Anthropology, American University

Stephen Wertheim, Quincy Institute for Responsible Statecraft ndi Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Study, Columbia University

Colonel Ann Wright, Asitikali a US apuma pantchito komanso kazembe wakale waku US

Malemba omveka

[1] David Vine, "Mndandanda Wamagulu Ankhondo aku US Kunja," 2017, American University, http://dx.doi.org/10.17606/M6H599; David Vine, Base Nation: Mmene US Mabungwe Akumidzi Amayiko Amayiko Amawononga America ndi Dziko (Metropolitan, 2015). Zambiri ndi ziwerengero zokhudzana ndi besi ya US kutsidya kwanyumba zilipo www.anditdoma.net/fact-sheet.html.Mafunso, zambiri: OBRACC2018@gmail.com / www.kamadanso.net.

[2] Chimodzi mwamafukufuku omwe amapezeka ku US m'mayiko ena komanso kupezeka kwake kutsidya kwa nyanja chikuwonetsa kuti "gulu lanyanja yaku America likakhazikitsidwa, limakhala ndi moyo wokha…. Ntchito zoyambirira zitha kukhala zachikale, koma ntchito zatsopano zimapangidwa, osati kungofuna kupititsa patsogolo malowa, koma nthawi zambiri kuti awonjezere. ” United States Senate, "United States Security Agreements and Commitments Abroad," Mlandu wapita ku Senate Subcommittee on United States Security Agreements and Commitments Lands of the Committee of Foreign Relations, Congress of 2, Vol. 2417, 816. Kafukufuku waposachedwa watsimikizira izi. Mwachitsanzo, a John Glaser, "Kuchoka Kumayiko Otsidya Kwa Nyanja: Chifukwa Chomwe Ntchito Yotumizira Asitikali Osayenera Ndi Yosafunikira, Yotayika, Ndiponso Yowopsa," Policy Analysis 18, CATO Institute, Julayi 2017, XNUMX; Chalmers Johnson, Chisokonezo cha Ulamuliro: Chigwirizano, Chibvomerezo, ndi Mapeto a Republic (New York: Metropolitan, 2004); Mpesa, Base Nation.

[3] Nick Turse, "Asitikali aku US Anena Kuti Ali Ndi 'Phazi Lopepuka' ku Africa. Zikalatazi Zikuwonetsa Zazikulu Kwambiri, ” Kulimbikira, December 1, 2018,https://theintercept.com/2018/12/01/u-s-military-says-it-has-a-light-footprint-in-africa-these-documents-show-a-vast-network-of-bases/; Stephanie Savell ndi 5W infographics, "Mapu Awa Amawonetsa Padziko Lonse Lankhondo Laku US Likuthana Ndi Zachigawenga," Magazini a Smithsonian, January 2019, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/map-shows-places-world-where-us-military-operates-180970997/; Nick Turse, "Zoyeserera Kulimbana Nkhondo ku America ku Africa Zolemba Zankhondo Zaku US Zivumbula Gulu Lankhondo Lankhondo Laku America Ponseponse M'dziko Lino," TomDispatch.com, April 27, 2017, http://www.tomdispatch.com/blog/176272/tomgram%3A_nick_turse%2C_the_u.s._military_moves_deeper_into_africa/.

[4] Afghanistan, Pakistan, Philippines, Somalia, Yemen, Iraq, Libya, Uganda, South Sudan, Burkina Faso, Chad, Niger, Central African Republic, Syria, Kenya, Cameroon, Mali, Mauritania, Nigeria, Democratic Republic. a Congo, Saudi Arabia, ndi Tunisia. Onani Savell ndi 5W Infographics; Nick Turse ndi Sean D. Naylor, "Zawululidwa: Ntchito 36 Yotchedwa Asitikali aku US ku Africa," Nkhani Yahoo, April 17, 2019, https://news.yahoo.com/revealed-the-us-militarys-36-codenamed-operations-in-africa-090000841.html.

[5] Nick Turse, "Bases, Bases, Kulikonse ... Kupatula mu Lipoti la Pentagon," TomDispatch.com, January 8, 2019, http://www.tomdispatch.com/post/176513/tomgram%3A_nick_turse%2C_one_down%2C_who_knows_how_many_to_go/#more; Mpesa, Mtundu Wadziko Lonse, 3-5; Vine, "Mndandanda wa Malo Opezeka Asitikali Akutali Kwina. '

[6] David Vine, American University, akuyerekezera mtengo woyambira OBRACC, vin@american.edu, kusinthira kuwerengera ku Vine, Mtundu Wadziko Lonse, 195-214.