Wolemba Nicolas JS Davies, Julayi 7, 2020
Purezidenti Clinton atagwa Mabomba 23,000 zomwe zidatsala ku Yugoslavia mu 1999 ndipo NATO idalowa m'dziko la Yugoslavia ku Kosovo, akuluakulu aku US apereka nkhondoyi kwa anthu aku America kuti "achitepo kanthu kuti ateteze" a Kosovo ambiri a anthu aku Albanian asaphedwe m'manja ndi Purezidenti wa Yugoslav Slobodan Milosevic. Nkhaniyi yakhala ikuwululidwa kuyambira kalekale.
Mu 2008, kazembe wina wapadziko lonse lapansi, Carla Del Ponte, ananenetsa kuti a Prime Minister a US a Hashim Thaci a Kosovo amagwiritsa ntchito njira yoponya bomba la US popha anthu mazana ambiri kugulitsa ziwalo zamkati pamsika wogulitsa padziko lonse lapansi. Milandu ya Del Ponte imawoneka ngati yopepuka kwambiri kuti ikhale yowona. Koma pa Juni 24th, Thaci, Purezidenti wa Kosovo, ndi atsogoleri ena asanu ndi anayi akale a CIA omwe amathandizidwa ndi Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA,) pamapeto pake adaweruzidwa ndi milandu yazaka 20 izi ndi khothi lapadera lamilandu yankhondo ku The Hague.
Kuyambira mu 1996 mpaka mtsogolo, CIA ndi mabungwe ena azamayiko a azungu anagwira ntchito modzipereka ndi a Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) kuyambitsa ndewu zamafuta komanso zipolowe ku Kosovo. A CIA anakankhira atsogoleri achifwamba aku Kosovar omenyera ufulu wa zigawenga komanso zigawenga ngati a Thaci ndi gulu lake, kuwalemba ngati zigawenga komanso magulu achifwamba kupha apolisi a Yugoslav ndi aliyense amene akuwatsutsa, a fuko la Serbs ndi a Albania.
Monga zachita mdziko ndi dziko kuyambira ma 1950, CIA idakhazikitsa nkhondo yapachiweniweni yonyansa yomwe andale aku Western komanso atolankhani adadzudzula akuluakulu a Yugoslavia. Koma pofika koyambirira kwa 1998, ngakhale nthumwi yaku US a Robert Gelbard adatcha KLA "gulu lazachiwembu" ndipo UN Security Council idadzudzula "zochita zauchifwamba" ndi KLA komanso "kuthandizira konse zakunja kwa zigawenga ku Kosovo, kuphatikiza zandalama, mikono ndi maphunziro. ” Nkhondo itangotha ndipo Kosovo idalandidwa bwino ndi asitikali aku US ndi NATO, magwero a CIA adatinso Udindo wa bungweli popanga nkhondo yapachiweniweni kukhazikitsa njira yolowererapo NATO.
Pofika mwezi wa Seputembara 1998, UN idalengeza kuti anthu 230,000 anathawa kunkhondo yapachiweniweni, makamaka kudutsa malire ndi dziko la Albania, ndipo UN Security Council yadutsa chigamulo 1199, ikuyitanitsa kuti kuthetse moto, ntchito yowunikira yapadziko lonse lapansi, kubwerera kwa othawa kwawo ndikuwongolera ndale. Wolemba watsopano ku US, Richard Holbrooke, adalimbikitsa Purezidenti wa Yugoslav Milosevic kuti avomereze kupha anthu limodzi ndi kukhazikitsa ntchito “zotsimikizira” mamembala 2,000 kuchokera ku bungwe la Security for Cooperation ku Europe (OSCE). Koma a US ndi NATO nthawi yomweyo adayamba kupanga mapulani opanga bomba kuti "akwaniritse" lingaliro la UN ndikuwombera koyipa kwa Yugoslavia.
Holbrooke adakopa mpando wa OSCE, nduna yakunja yaku Poland a Bronislaw Geremek, kuti asankhe william walker, kazembe wakale wa US ku El Salvador pankhondo yake yapachiweniweni, kuti azitsogolera Kosovo Verification Mission (KVM). A US adalemba ganyu mwachangu 150 Dyncorp masensa kupanga gawo lalikulu la gulu la Walker's, lomwe mamembala ake 1,380 adagwiritsa ntchito zida za GPS kupanga mapu a zigawo za asitikali a Yugoslavia komanso anthu wamba pokonzekera bomba loponya bomba la NATO. Wachiwiri kwa Walker, a Gabriel Keller, kazembe wakale wa France ku Yugoslavia, adadzudzula Walker powononga KVM, komanso CIA magwero Pambuyo pake adavomereza kuti KVM inali "CIA kutsogolo" kuti igwirizane ndi KLA ndi kazitape pa Yugoslavia.
Nkhani yovuta kwambiri ya ziwawa zomwe zidayambitsa CIA zomwe zidapangitsa kuti bungwe la NATO liphulitse bomba ndewu komanso kuwukira inali moto pamudzi wina wotchedwa Racak, pomwe a KLA adalimbikitsa ngati maziko oti apolisi azithamangitsa zigawenga ndikuponyera zigawenga zakupha kuti aphe anthu wamba " ochita nawo. ” Mu Januwale 1999, apolisi aku Yugoslav anaukira malo a KLA ku Racak, nasiya amuna 43, mayi ndi mwana wachinyamata atafa.
Moto utatha, apolisi aku Yugoslav adachoka pamudzipo, ndipo KLA idachitikanso izi ndikuwonetsa zomwe zachitika kuti moto uzioneka ngati kupha anthu wamba. Pamene William Walker ndi gulu la KVM adachezera Racak tsiku lotsatira, adalola nkhani ya kuphedwa kwa KLA ndikulengeza kudziko lapansi, ndipo idakhala gawo la nkhani zonena kuti kuphulika kwa Yugoslavia ndi gulu lankhondo ku Kosovo.
Autopsies ndi gulu lapadziko lonse la oyesa zamankhwala anapeza zonyamula mfuti m'manja pafupifupi pafupifupi matupi onse, kuwonetsa kuti anali atawombera zida. Pafupifupi onse anaphedwa ndi mfuti zingapo ngati mfuti yamoto, osati kuwombera mwachidule ngati mwachidule, ndipo m'modzi yekha ndiye anawomberedwa. Koma athunthu Zotsatira za autopsy adangotulutsidwa pambuyo pake, ndipo woyang'anira wamkulu wakuchipatala wa Finland adayimba mlandu Walker wa kumukakamiza kuwasintha.
Atolankhani awiri odziwa ku France komanso gulu la camera la AP pamalopo adatsutsa mtundu wa KLA ndi Walker's pazomwe zidachitika ku Racak. Christophe Chatelet's nkhani mu Le Monde adalamulira, "Kodi anthu okufa ku Racak adadzazidwa ndi magazi ozizira?" komanso mtolankhani wakale wakale wa Yugoslavia Renaud Girard adatsimikiza nkhani yake in Le Figaro ndi funso lina lovuta, "Kodi a KLA adayesetsa kusintha gulu lankhondo kukhala lopambana ndale?"
NATO nthawi yomweyo idawopseza kuti iponya Yugoslavia, ndipo France idavomera kuchita zokambirana zapamwamba. Koma m'malo kuyitanitsa atsogoleri awukulu a Kosovo omwe ndi odziwika kwambiri ku Rambouillet, Secretary Albright adakwera gulu lomwe linatsogoleredwa ndi wamkulu wa KLA Hashim Thaci, mpaka pamenepo kudziwika kwa olamulira a Yugoslav monga chigawenga komanso chigawenga.
Albright idapereka mbali zonse ziwiri ndi mgwirizano wokonzekera magawo awiri, wamba komanso wankhondo. Gawo lachitukuko linapatsa Kosovo ufulu wosazungulira kuchokera ku Yugoslavia, ndipo nthumwi ya Yugoslav idavomereza. Koma mgwirizano wankhondo ukadakakamiza Yugoslavia kuvomereza gulu lankhondo la NATO, osati la Kosovo lokha koma lopanda malire, potenga Yugoslavia yonse Ntchito ya NATO.
Milosevich atakana zomwe Albright adapereka kuti angodzipereka yekha, US ndi NATO adati adakana mtendere, ndipo nkhondo inali yankho lokhalo, "Komaliza." Sanabwerere ku UN Security Council kuti akayesetse kutsimikiza njira yawo, podziwa bwino lomwe kuti Russia, China ndi mayiko ena akana. Mlembi wazaka zakunja ku UK a Robin Cook atauza Albright boma la Britain "likulimbana ndi azamalamulo athu" chifukwa cha mapulani a NATO omenyera nkhondo osaloledwa ndi Yugoslavia, adamuuza kuti "Pangani alangizi atsopano."
Mu Marichi 1999, magulu a KVM adachotsedwa ndipo bomba lidayamba. Wolemba Pascal Neuffer, wowonera ku Switzerland KVM akuti, "Zomwe zili pansi patsiku lophulitsa bomba sizinaphule kanthu kuti asalowe usilikali. Tikadatha kupitiriza ntchito yathu. Ndipo mafotokozedwe omwe adaperekedwa mu atolankhani, akuti ntchitoyi idasokonekera chifukwa cha kuwopseza kwa Serb, sizikugwirizana ndi zomwe ndidawona. Tinene kuti anatithamangitsa chifukwa NATO idaganiza zophulitsa bomba. "
NATO anaphedwa masauzande za anthu wamba ku Kosovo ndi ku Yugoslavia, monga idaphulitsa Zipatala 19, zipatala 20, masukulu 69, nyumba 25,000, malo opangira magetsi, dziko Kanema waku TV, ndi Kazembe waku China ku Belgrade ndi ena nthumwi zaukazitape. Itagwirizana ndi Kosovo, asitikali aku US anakhazikitsa Camp Bondsteel ya 955, yomwe ndi imodzi mwamipanda yayikulu ku Europe, pagawo lokhalamo tsopano. Commissioner wa Anthu ku Europe, Alvaro Gil-Robles, adapita ku Camp Bondsteel mchaka cha 2002 ndipo adachitcha kuti "mtundu wocheperako wa Guantanamo," akuwulula kuti ndi chinsinsi Tsamba lakuda la CIA kumangidwa kosaloledwa, mosaloledwa ndi kuzunzidwa.
Koma za anthu a Kosovo, zovuta sizinathebe bomba litasiya. Anthu ochulukirapo anathawa kuphulitsa kuposa zomwe zimadziwika kuti "kuyeretsa mafuko" komwe CIA idapangitsa kukhazikitsa dongosolo. Othawa 900,000, pafupifupi theka la anthu, abwerera m'chigawo chosakazidwa, chokhala ndi zigawenga komanso olamulira akunja.
Ma Serbs ndi ena ochepa omwe adakhala nzika zachiwiri, akumamatira kwambiri kunyumba ndi madera komwe mabanja awo ambiri adakhala kwazaka zambiri. Kupitilira 200,000 a Serbs, Aromani ndi ochepa omwe adathawa, pomwe ntchito ya NATO ndi ulamuliro wa KLA zidalowa m'malo mwa CIA yopanga kuyeretsa fuko ndi chinthu chenicheni. Camp Bondsteel anali ganyu wamkulu kwambiri m'chigawochi, ndipo omanga asitikali aku US amatumizanso Kosovars kukagwira ntchito yolanda Afghanistan ndi Iraq. Mu 2019, Kosovo's cap cap GDP anali okha $ 4,458, zosakwana dziko lililonse Europe kupatula Moldova ndi nkhondo, yotumiza pambuyo Ukraine.
Mu 2007, lipoti laukazitape waku Germany lidafotokoza Kosovo ngati "Mafia," kutengera "kugwidwa kwa boma" ndi zigawenga. Lipotilo lidatchedwa Hashim Thaci, yemwe ndi mtsogoleri wa Democratic Party, monga chitsanzo cha "mgwirizano wapakati pa ochita zisankho zazikulu komanso gulu lalikulu la zigawenga." Mu 2000, 80% ya ngwazi malonda ku Europe anali olamulidwa ndi achifwamba a Kosovar, ndipo kukhalapo kwa zikwizikwi kwa asitikali aku US ndi NATO kunapangitsa kuphulika kwa uhule ndi kugwiriridwa, komanso yolamulidwa ndi gulu latsopano lachifwamba la Kosovo.
Mu 2008, a Thaci adasankhidwa kukhala Prime Minister, ndipo Kosovo adalengeza mopanda ufulu kuti akuchokera ku Serbia. (Kuwonongedwa komaliza kwa Yugoslavia mu 2006 kudachoka ku Serbia ndi Montenegro ngati maiko ena.) US ndi 14 omwe adagwirizana nawo adazindikira kuti Kosovo adalandira ufulu, ndipo makumi asanu ndi anayi mphambu asanu ndi awiri mayiko, pafupifupi theka la mayiko padziko lapansi, achita tsopano. Koma si Serbia kapena UN omwe adazindikira izi, kusiya Kosovo mu limbo yayitali.
Khothi ku Hague litaulula zomwe Thaci adachita pa 24 Juni, anali paulendo wake wopita ku Washington kukakumana ku White House ndi a Trump ndi Purezidenti Vucic waku Serbia kukayesa kuthetsa kusokonekera kwa Kosovo. Koma milandu italengezedwa, ndege ya Thaci idapanga kutembenukira ku U pa Atlantic, adabwerera ku Kosovo ndipo msonkhano udathetsedwa.
Mlandu wopha anthu ndi uchiwembu wothana ndi Thaci udapangidwa koyamba mu 2008 ndi Carla Del Ponte, Chief Prosecutor of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Zogwirizana Yugoslavia (ICTFY), m'buku lomwe adalemba atasiya udindo wake. A Del Ponte adafotokozeranso kuti ICTFY idaletsedwa kulipiritsa Thaci ndi omwe adawateteza chifukwa chosagwirizana ndi NATO ndi UN Mission ku Kosovo. Pofunsa zomwe zidachitika mu 2014, Kulemera kwamisala 2, adalongosola, "NATO ndi KLA, mothandizana pankhondo, sakanatha kulimbana."
Human Rights Watch ndi BBC adatsata zomwe a Del Ponte adazipeza, ndipo adapeza umboni kuti Thaci ndi gulu lake adaphedwa mpaka 400 mndende zambiri za anthu aku Spain pa nthawi ya bomba la NATO mu 1999. Opulumuka adalongosola ndende zandende ku Albania komwe akaidi adazunzidwa ndikuphedwa, nyumba yachikasu pomwe ziwalo za anthu zidachotsedwa ndipo manda osalembetsa pafupi.
Council of Europe ofufuza a Dick Marty adafunsa mafunso mboni, adatenga umboni ndikusindikiza lipoti, lomwe Council of Europe kuvomerezedwa mu Januwale 2011, koma nyumba yamalamulo ya Kosovo sinavomereze dongosolo la khothi lapadera ku La Haye mpaka 2015. Kosovo Maofesi Akatswiri ndipo ofesi yotsutsa yoyimira pawokha idayamba kugwira ntchito mchaka cha 2017. Tsopano oweruza ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kuti awunikenso milandu yomwe akutsutsa komanso asankhe ngati mlanduwo uyenera kuchitika.
Gawo lalikulu la nkhani yakumadzulo ya Yugoslavia inali chiwanda cha Purezidenti Milosevich waku Yugoslavia, yemwe adakana kuwonongedwa komwe dziko lake lidathandizidwa ndi azungu mzaka zonse za 1990. Atsogoleri aku Western adanyoza Milosevich ngati "Hitler Watsopano" komanso "Wopha nyama ku Balkan," koma anali akadanenabe kuti anali wosalakwa pomwe adamwalira m'chipinda cha The Hague mu 2006.
Zaka khumi pambuyo pake, mtsogoleri wa a Serb a Radovan Karadzic atazenga mlandu, oweruza adavomereza umboni wotsutsa kuti Milosevich adatsutsa mwamphamvu malingaliro a Karadzic opanga Serb Republic ku Bosnia. Adaweruza Karadzic kuti adziyang'anira pazomwe nkhondo yapachiweniweni idachitika, pambuyo pake kukhululukidwa Milosevich yemwe ali ndiudindo pazomwe a Serbs a Bosnia akuwopseza kwambiri, onse omwe amuneneza.
Koma nkhondo yosatha ya ku America yolemba adani ake onse ngati "olamulira mwankhanza”Ndi" New Hitlers "akukhala ngati makina a ziwanda pa autopilot, motsutsana ndi a Putin, Xi, Maduro, Khamenei, a Fidel Castro ndi mtsogoleri aliyense wakunja amene angayimire boma la US. Ntchito zachipongwezi zimagwira ngati zofunikira pa kulangira mwankhanza komanso nkhondo zoopsa anthu anzathu apadziko lonse lapansi, komanso ngati zida zandale zoukira ndi kuchepa wandale aliyense waku US amene amayimira mtendere, zokambirana ndi zoyipa.
Pamene ukama wabodza womwe Clinton ndi Albright watulutsa, ndipo chowonadi chamabodza awo chawonekera pang'onopang'ono, nkhondo ya ku Yugoslavia yayamba ngati kafukufuku wamomwe atsogoleri a US akutipusitsira kunkhondo. Munjira zambiri, Kosovo adakhazikitsa template yomwe atsogoleri aku US agwiritsa ntchito kuti igwiritse ntchito dziko lathu ndi dziko lonse lapansi kumenya nkhondo yosatha kuyambira nthawi imeneyo. Zomwe atsogoleri aku US adachotsa pa "kupambana" kwawo ku Kosovo zinali zodziwikiratu, umunthu ndi chowonadi sizigwirizana ndi chisokonezo chopangidwa ndi CIA ndi mabodza, ndipo adawirikiza kawiri pa njirayo kuti aponye US ndi dziko lonse kunkhondo yosatha.
Monga zinachitikira ku Kosovo, CIA ikugwirabe ntchito, ikukonzekera zankhondo zatsopano komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama mopanda malire pomenya nkhondo, kutengera milandu yabodza, ntchito zophimba ndi zolakwika, nzeru zandale. Taloleza andale aku America kuti azidzisita okha kumbuyo chifukwa choumirira "olamulira mwankhanza" ndi "achifwamba," kuwalola kuti azikhalabe pamtengo wotsika m'malo molimbana ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri yoyambitsanso oyambitsa nkhondo ndi zipolowe: Asilikali a US ndi CIA.
Koma ngati anthu aku Kosovo atha kubera zigawenga zomwe zimapha anthu a CIA omwe adapha anthu awo, kugulitsa matupi awo ndikuwabera dziko lawo chifukwa cha zolakwa zawo, kodi ndizokhulupirira kuti Achimereka atha kuchita zomwezo ndikuwachititsa atsogoleri athu kuwayankha chifukwa cha zomwe amachita Kodi nkhondo zapachiweniweni zikuchuluka motani?
Iran posachedwa adatsutsidwa Donald Trump pakupha General Qassem Soleimani, ndipo adapempha Interpol kuti imupatse chilolezo chomangidwa padziko lonse lapansi kwa iye. Trump mwina sakutaya chifukwa cha izi, koma kutsutsidwa kwa munthu wakugwirizana ndi US monga Thaci ndi chizindikiro kuti US "Malo opanda mlandu" Kusavomerezeka kwa nkhondo zomwe zikuchitika pamapeto pake zikuyamba kuchepa, osachepera chitetezo chomwe chimapereka kwa othandizira ku US. Kodi Netanyahu, Bin Salman ndi Tony Blair akuyenera kuyamba kuyang'ana mapewa awo?
