Wolemba Pat Mkulu, October 23, 2020
kuchokera Ziwopsezo Zankhondo
Air Force yaipitsa madzi apansi ku Joint Base Andrews ndi magawo 39,700 pa trilioni ya mankhwala a PFAS malinga ndi a lipoti lotulutsidwa ndi Air Force mu Meyi, 2018. Izi siziri "Breaking News" ngakhale kuti ndi ochepa omwe amadziwa.
Mzindawu umaipitsa mitsinje ya Patuxent ndi Potomac. Madzi apansi panthaka ochokera m'malo ambiri m'munsi momwe mafupa okhala ndi PFAS adagwiritsidwa ntchito amasunthira kum'mawa kulowera ku Patuxent komanso kumadzulo kulowera ku Potomac. Pakadali pano, madzi ochokera kumtunda amapita ku Piscataway Creek, Cabin Branch Creek, Henson Creek, ndi Branchhouse Branch, kutsanulira madzi m'mitsinje yonse iwiri. Andrews, "Home of Air Force 1" ndiye malo okhawo m'boma omwe amadziwika kuti aphe Patuxent komanso Potomac.
PFAS itha kuyenda maulendo ataliatali. Amaipitsa nsomba ndikudwalitsa anthu omwe amadya.
Ndani adadziwa?
Mgwirizano wa Google PFAS Andrews. Simudzapeza nkhani yokhudza kuipitsidwa kwa PFAS ku Andrews, ngakhale zotsatira zake "zidasindikizidwa" mu Meyi wa 2018. Izi ndichifukwa choti Air Force siyitumiza atolankhani pazinthuzi komanso Washington Post komanso atolankhani wamba osaphimba. Malipoti ofufuzira amtunduwu ndiosavuta mokwanira, ngakhale malo ambiri atolankhani alibe kuthekera kofunafuna nkhani ngati izi. Chifukwa chake, owerengeka ndi omwe amadziwa zawopseza thanzi la anthu chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mopanda ulemu ma carcinogens.
Start Pano kuyamba kuyang'ana kuipitsidwa komwe kunayambitsidwa ndi Gulu Lankhondo kumabwalo mdziko lonselo.
Air Force imasindikiza malipoti a mainjiniya kuti zolembedwa za PFAS zodetsa dziko lonselo, ngakhale kulumikizana kwachindunji ndizofalitsa kulibe. Zimatanthawuza kuti pepala lakwanu silingayerekeze nkhani yofotokozera kuwonongeka kwa asirikali zachilengedwe, makamaka pamadzi. Zingafune luso lakuthwa, luso lotayika.
Mitsinje ndi mitsinje zikwizikwi m'dziko lonselo imakhala ndi poizoni wambiri, zomwe zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri poganizira kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa komanso kuchuluka kwake kwa nsomba m'madzi ochulukirapo nthawi zambiri. Kudya zakudya zam'madzi kuchokera m'madzi owonongeka ndi njira yoyamba yomwe PFAS imalowera mthupi lathu. Madzi akumwa ali ndi mphindi yakutali, ngakhale ichi sichowona kwa EPA, DOD, Congress, ndi boma la Maryland.
Dinani kudzera mu lipoti lomwe lili pamwambapa ndikuyang'ana pa Zamkatimu. Sakani mawu monga madzi apansi panthaka, madzi apansi, dzenje lotentha, ndi zina zambiri. Dziwani kuti akuluakulu apamwamba mdziko muno akuti kudya gawo limodzi pa trilioni ya khansa imeneyi ndi kowopsa pomwe nsomba zina zomwe zimagwidwa pafupi ndi nyambo zankhondo zili ndi magawo mamiliyoni ambiri pa trilioni mu nsomba ndi rockfish ndi oysters ndi nkhanu? Palibe amene akudziwa ku Maryland.
Kubwerera ku 1970, US Air Force idayamba kugwiritsa ntchito thovu lamadzi lopangira mafilimu (AFFF), lokhala ndi PFOS ndi PFOA, kuzimitsa moto wamafuta. AFFF idalowa m'chilengedwe panthawi yophunzitsira moto, kukonza zida, kusunga, komanso kuchita ngozi pafupipafupi. Ma hangar a Air Force ali ndi zida zochepetsera zomwe zili ndi PFAS ndipo akhala akuyesedwa pafupipafupi kuyambira ma 1970. Zina mwa makinawa amatha kuphimba maekala awiri okhala ndi chithovu mphindi 2 mkati mwa mphindi ziwiri.
Nayi mwachidule mbiri yakugwiritsa ntchito PFAS ku Andrews komwe kwatengedwa mu lipotili:
`` Hare Berry Farm wakale anali kum'mwera kwa JBA, moyandikana ndi mpanda wazachitetezo komanso mkati mwa malire. Mundawu ankagwiritsa ntchito kulima sitiroberi, rasipiberi, ndi mabulosi akutchire. Mu Meyi 1992 pakuyesa kwamachitidwe oyimitsa ndege, pafupifupi magaloni 500 a AFFF adamasulidwa ku Piscataway Creek, komwe kumakhala madzi othirira mbewu za pafamuyo. Kutsatira kutulutsidwa, mwini nyumbayo adapempha USAF kuti iwunike ngati mbewuzo zinali zotetezeka kuti anthu angazidye. USAF idayesa mbewuzo mu Ogasiti 1992 ndipo idatsimikiza kuti ndizoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi miyezo ya Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Mu 1993, kafukufuku adakonzedwa kuti awunikire zowopsa zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha zonyansa kuchokera ku mankhwala monga AFFF, madzi amadzimadzi, zotsalira za mafuta, zosungunulira, ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amalowa Piscataway Creek ndi madzi amvula yamkuntho a JBA. Kafukufuku yemwe adachitika mu 1993 adatsimikiza kuti Piscataway Creek siyowopseza thanzi la anthu kapena chilengedwe. ”
Osadandaula khalani osangalala?
Kapena kodi boma kapena / kapena NGO yaboma iyenera kupita patsogolo kuti ayambe kuyesa madzi pafupi ndi makina ankhondo ngati awa?
Dipatimenti Yachilengedwe ya Maryland sinakhale yothandiza. Maiko ena, monga Michigan, adasindikiza osadya upangiri wa nswala zomwe zili ndi poizoni zomwe zimakhala pafupi ndi Wurtsmuth Air Force Base - maziko omwe adatseka zaka 30 zapitazo! Upangiri wa nsomba umayikidwa mtunda wautali kuchokera kumalo osatsekedwa pomwe boma limasumira asitikali pazowonongeka zomwe zidabwera chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito PFAS m'munsi. Sichoncho ku Maryland, komwe boma limakonda kusakangana ndi Pentagon pankhani ngati izi.
PFAS ndi mankhwala owopsa modabwitsa. Kupatula pa kuchuluka kwawo kwakanthawi, samatha, chifukwa chake amatchedwa "mankhwala osatha." Amalumikizidwa ndi khansa yambiri, zovuta za fetus, ndi matenda angapo aubwana. EPA sikugwiranso ntchito ngati bungwe loyang'anira pansi pa kayendetsedwe ka Trump ndipo boma ligona posintha, kusiya thanzi la anthu lili pangozi.
Maenje Ootcha
Malo ophunzitsira moto (FTA's) anali ndi dzenje loyaka moto la 200-300-foot. Panthawi yophunzitsa moto, dzenje loyaka linali lodzaza ndi madzi asanafike malita pafupifupi 1,000 mpaka 2,000 amadzimadzi oyaka omwe adawonjezedwa padzenje loyaka. Amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ndikusakaniza ndi ma jet. Zikwi malita thovu yankho litha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamwambo wina.
Malo ophunzitsira moto omwe ali pamwambapa kumwera chakum'mawa kwa mseuwo adagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita zamaphunziro amoto kuyambira 1973 mpaka 1990. Zoyeserera zamasabata zinkachitika ndikupangira zakumwa zoyaka m'dzenje lotentha ndikuzimitsa moto womwe wabwera ndi AFFF. Mitambo ikuluikulu ya bowa ya utsi wa poizoni ndi fumbi zimapangika. Air Force sanavutike kutsatira kuchuluka kwa AFFF yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawiyi.
Madzi owonjezera omwe amapangidwa panthawi ya masewera olimbitsa thupi amayenda kudera lotentha. Chithovu chotsalira ndi madzi zidadutsa pansi pa miyala yoyala pansi. Zamadzimadzi zimadutsa pamiyala mpaka pansi, koma dziwe lodzitchinjiriza nthawi zambiri limakhala lolumikizidwa, ndikupangitsa kuti dziwe lisefukira pansi.
Dzenjelo linagwiritsidwanso ntchito poyesa nthawi ndi kutalika kwa magalimoto amoto ogwiritsa ntchito AFFF. M'mbuyomu, kuyesa kumachitika kangapo pachaka kuti ayese magalimoto amoto kuti awonetsetse kuti zida zogwira ntchito zikuyenera, makamaka patali.
A Air Force adasokoneza zinthu ku Prince George's County, Maryland, pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana pogonana m'malo angapo ku JB Andrews:
- Malo angapo Ophunzitsira Moto
- Ma Hangars 16, 11, 6, 7
- Nyumba Yoyimitsira Moto 3629
- Hale Berry Farm wakale
Pakalibe kudzipereka kwathunthu ndi Dipatimenti Yachilengedwe ya Maryland kuyang'anira PFAS m'boma, General Assembly iyenera kuchitapo kanthu kukakamiza gulu la Hogan-Grumbles kuti liziteteza thanzi la anthu.
