lolemba Terry Crawford-Browne, Ogasiti 4, 2018.
Ife a South Africa tikadabwerabe modabwitsa patadutsa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi kuphedwa kozizira kochokera kwa ogwira ntchito m'migodi ya 34 ndi apolisi ku mgodi wa platinamu ya Marikana ku 2012 - kupha munthu m'modzi, osati khumi ndi awiriwa ku Congo.
Kampani ya makolo aku Lonmin ku Britain, Lonrho, nthawi ina adatchulidwa kuti ndi "woipa kwambiri waboma." Onse ku South Africa ndi ku Congo ndi mayiko omwe ali ndi zinthu zachilengedwe, koma zomvetsa manyazi komanso zoopsa za umphawi pakati pa anthu ogwira ntchito m'migodi ndi mabanja awo.
Nayi trailer yamphindi ziwiri mpaka yonse yokhudza Marikana. Chojambulachi chikutsatsa filimu yathunthu, yomwe, ngakhale yapambana mphotho zapadziko lonse lapansi, mpaka pano idaletsedwa kuti anthu azionera ku South Africa.
Pali malingaliro atatu onena za kuphedwa kwa Marikana komwe ndikufuna kupanga:
- Lonmin adati silingathe kulipira malipiro abwinowo
- Pomwe amati zovuta zachuma zimaletsa kubweza malipiro abwinoko, Lonmin anali kuthana ndi kubweza msonkho ku South Africa pafupifupi $ $ 200 miliyoni pachaka ponena zabodza zandalama. Zinali zolipiritsa kuti ndalama zakunja kutsidya la msonko ku Caribbean, ndipo
- Mfuti zodziyimira zokha zomwe a Police ku Marikana anali zida za Israeli Galil zopangidwa ku South Africa.
Munthawi yama 1970 ndi ma 1980, panali mgwirizano wachinsinsi pakati pa Israeli ndi tsankho la South Africa. Israeli anali ndiukadaulo, koma wopanda ndalama. South Africa inali ndi ndalamayo, koma inalibe ukadaulo wopanga zida za nyukiliya, ma drones ndi zida zina zankhondo. Kuwononga kwa “mayiko oyandikana” ndi zigawenga zabodza kunathandizidwanso kwambiri.
South Africa pomalizira pake idalipira ndalama zotsogola zida zankhondo yaku Israeli. Nditazindikira kuti nkhanza komanso kuponderezedwa kwa anthu zimabweretsa chiwopsezo pamtendere ndi chitetezo zapadziko lonse, bungwe la United Nations Security Council ku 1977 lidakhazikitsa lamulo loletsa South Africa.
Embargo adatamandidwa panthawiyo ngati chitukuko chachikulu kwambiri mu 20th Zoyankhulana zaka zana chifukwa ufulu waumunthu tsopano ukhoza kukhala muyeso wa maubale apadziko lonse lapansi. Tsankho lidagwa mwamtendere ndipo, ndikumapeto kwa Cold War, panali ziyembekezo zazikulu zakuti nyengo yatsopano yamtendere.
Zachisoni, ziyembekezozi ndi ziyembekezozi zidasokonekera, pomwe United States idazunza mphamvu zake za veto zomwe zawononga kudalirika kwa United Nations. Komabe, zosankha zatsopano zikukula mu 21st Zaka zana.
Makampani opanga zida za ku Israel tsopano ndi amodzi kwambiri padziko lapansi, ndipo kutumiza kwawo chaka chatha kunali $ 9.2 biliyoni ya USD. Israeli imatumiza zida kumayiko pafupifupi 130, ndipo yakhala choopsa osati kwa Palestina okha koma kwa anthu padziko lonse lapansi. Opaleshoni oposa 150 a Palestina osavulala aphedwa ku Gaza kuyambira pa Marichi 2018, kuphatikiza zikwi zingapo ovulala kwambiri, ndi ankhondo aku Israeli.
Potengera kulanda kwa Israeli ku Palestina, kampeni ya Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) yakhala ikutsatiridwa pozindikira zomwe zakuchitika ku South Africa pa 1980s zikuchulukirachulukira. Kuphatikiza apo, kukulimbikitsaku kukukwera kwa Amnesty International ndi Human Rights Watch kuti ikhale mfuti yolimbana ndi Israeli.
Omenyera ufulu waku Israeli a Jeff Halper alemba buku lotchedwa "Nkhondo Yotsutsana Ndi Anthu" momwe amafunsa kuti Israeli wachichepere amapulumuka bwanji? Yankho lake: Israeli imagwira ntchito yakuda ku bizinesi yankhondo yaku US pothetsa dala mayiko aku Africa, Asia ndi Latin America. Israeli imadzipangitsa kukhala yofunikira kwambiri ku maboma ankhanza podzaza pang'ono zida, ukadaulo, azondi ndi machitidwe ena.
Israeli ikugulitsa zida zake mdziko lonse lapansi ngati "nkhondo yoyesedwa ndikutsimikiziridwa motsutsana ndi Palestina," potengera luso lawo la "kukonzedwa" kwa Palestinaans ku Gaza ndi West Bank. Kupatula Palestina, paliponse paliponse pomwe pali "mbiri yoyipitsitsa ya ubusitikali" komanso bizinesi yankhondo yowonekera koposa ku Congo. Purezidenti Joseph Kabila amasungidwa ndi mabungwe azachitetezo ku Israeli komanso gawo la migodi lotchedwa Dan Gertler. Popereka malangizo ake, Union Bank of Israel idapereka ndalama kwa a Lawrence Kabila kuti alande dziko la Congo pomwe a Joseph Mobutu adamwalira ku 1997.
Monga kubwezera kusunga Kabila muulamuliro, Gertler waloledwa kulanda zachilengedwe ku Congo. Pafupifupi anthu mamiliyoni 12 amwalira pa zomwe zimadziwika kuti "Nkhondo Yoyamba Padziko Lonse ku Africa," zomwe zafotokozedweratu chifukwa chomwe chimayambitsa zachilengedwe ndi bizinesi yadziko "yoyamba". Ambiri mwa anthuwa adaphedwa ndi gulu lankhondo la Purezidenti wa Rwanda a Paul Kagame. Kagame ndi Purezidenti wa Uganda Yoweri Museveni ndiogwirizana kwambiri ndi Israeli mdera la Great Lakes.
Ngakhale boma la US pamapeto pake limachita manyazi ndi zolemba zambiri zaboma zakuba kwa Gertler, ndipo adalemba kale 16 yamakampani ake. Kusaletseka kumeneku kumatanthauza kuti makampani a Gertler saloledwa kuchita zochitika m'madola aku US kapena kudzera ku banki yaku America.
Abwenzi a Gertler aku South Africa akuphatikiza Tokyo Sexwale ndi mwana wa mchimwene wa Purezidenti Zuma wakale. Kuphatikiza apo, kampani yayikulu kwambiri pamigodi komanso wogulitsa zinthu, Glencore walandilidwa ndi US Treasure chifukwa chothandizana ndi Gertler. Glencore yokha ili ndi mbiri yotchuka, kuphatikiza chifukwa cha momwe imagwirira ntchito ku Congo koma, mochititsa mantha, ili ndi mgwirizano ndi Purezidenti watsopano waku South Africa a Cyril Ramaphosa. A Ramaphosa anali director of Lonmin, ndipo anali wothandizira ngati zomwe zinachitika kuphedwa kwa Marikana.
Chifukwa cha chuma chake chosiyana ndi china chilichonse, ku Congo ndiye chitsanzo chokhwima kwambiri ku Africa. Kuphatikiza apo, pali Angola, Zimbabwe, Nigeria, Ethiopia, South Sudan komanso mayiko ena ku Africa komwe Israeli ikapanga zisankho, monga ku Zimbabwe sabata yatha, kapena kuyambitsa nkhondo zapachiweniweni monga ku South Sudan.
Israeli Mossad ikugwira ntchito ku Africa yonse. Mossad adawonetsedwa mu 2013 popanga zisankho ku Zimbabwe, ndipo akuyenera kukhalanso kiyi yachiwonetsero sabata yamawa. Mkulu wina wa dayamondi ya ku Israel, a Lev Leviev anali oyendetsa kumbuyo kwa kuphedwa kwa mundawo ya diamange ya Marange komwe amathandizira Robert Mugabe ndi mabungwe ake pamene chuma cha dziko la Zimbabwe chikugwa.
Popeza nkhondo zawo zidayamba ku Middle East mzaka 17 zapitazi kuyambira 9/11, US ikuyang'ana kwambiri kuwononga Africa poyatsira utsi mwina polimbana ndi zigawenga monga Boko Haram kapena, popereka thandizo lankhondo laku US polimbana ndi Ebola. Dziko lapansi limagwiritsa ntchito $ 2 triliyoni USD pachaka pomenya nkhondo, theka la iyo ndi US
Kachigawo kakang'ono ka ndalamayo kanathetsa mavuto ambiri padzikoli komanso umphawi komanso kusintha kwa nyengo. Koma chidwi chomwe chili mu bizinesi yankhondo yaku US kuphatikiza mabanki ndichachikulu. Purezidenti wa US Dwight Eisenhower kumbuyo ku 1961 anachenjeza za kuwopsa kwa zomwe ananena kuti ndi "mafakitale ankhondo."
Ikhoza kufotokozedwanso molondola kuti "bizinesi yankhondo." Izi zikuchitikiranso ku Israeli, dziko lankhondo lomwe likugwirizana ndi ziphuphu pakugulitsa zida zankhondo ndi kulanda likulimbikitsidwa motsogozedwa ndi "chitetezo cha dziko." US masiku ano amapereka thandizo Makampani opanga zida zankhondo ku Israeli kuti akwaniritse $ 4 biliyoni ya USD pachaka. Zowonadi zake, Israeli yakhala labotale yakufufuza ndi chitukuko ku bizinesi yankhondo yaku US.
Bizinesi yankhondo sikutanthauza kuteteza US ku adani akunja, kapena "chitetezo chadziko." Komanso sikuti ndikupambana nkhondo zomwe US zakhala zikutaya kuyambira Vietnam komanso koyambirira. Ndizokhudza kupanga ndalama zonyansa kwa anthu ochepa, mosasamala kanthu za mavuto, kuwonongeka ndi imfa zomwe bizinesi yankhondo imabweretsa kwa wina aliyense.
Ndi zaka 70 kuchokera pomwe dziko la Israeli lidakhazikitsidwa mu 1948, ndipo magawo awiri mwa atatu a anthu aku Palestine adathamangitsidwa mokakamizidwa. Anthu aku Palestine adakhala othawa kwawo. Chaka chilichonse UN imatsimikiziranso ufulu wawo wobwerera kunyumba zawo, zomwe Israeli amangonyalanyaza. Zoyenera kuchita ku Israeli pansi pa Misonkhano ya Geneva ndi zida zina zamalamulo apadziko lonse lapansi sizinyalanyazidwa.
Makampani opanga zida ku Israeli amafunikira nkhondo zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu zilizonse kuti apange ndikugulitsa zida zatsopano. Israeli imagulitsa zida zake ngati "nkhondo yayesedwa ndikuyesedwa motsutsana ndi Apalestina," kutengera zomwe akumana nazo "kukhazikika" kwa Apalestina ku Gaza ndi West Bank. Gaza ndi ndende ya anthu mamiliyoni awiri omwe akukhala moyo wosimidwa komanso wopanda chiyembekezo.
UN ikuyerekeza kuti Gaza sikhala malo okhalamo ndi 2020 kapena koyambirira chifukwa chakugwa mwadala ku Gaza ndi Israeli zamagetsi, komanso kugwa komwe kumabwera chifukwa chamankhwala, madzi ndi zimbudzi. Zimbudzi zodutsa m'misewu ndi kuipitsa Nyanja ya Mediterranean. Pakadali pano, Israeli ilanda malo amafuta ku Gaza kunyanja.
Ndondomeko ndi machitidwe aku Israeli akuyenera kupangitsa moyo kukhala wosatheka kwa ma Palestina kuti "mwaufulu" asamukire. Kuphatikizana ndi kubedwa kwa malo okhala ku Israeli kwa malo aku Palestina ndi madzi ku West Bank posemphana ndi malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi, Israeli ikuyamba kukhala pariah, monganso tsankho ku South Africa mzaka za 1980.
Lamulo ladziko lonse lomwe lidaperekedwa mwezi watha limatsimikizira mosabisa kuti Israeli ndi boma la tsankho, lamulo lomwe lidapangidwa motsatira malamulo amtundu wa Nazi a 1930s. Ngakhale malingaliro amdima tsopano ofala m'nthawi ya Lipenga, dziko lapansi lapita patsogolo kuyambira 1980s. Izi zimapereka chiyembekezo chochepa chomwe chikuyenera kugwiranso ntchito ku Congo.
Genocide, monga ku Gaza, tsopano ndi mlandu pansi pamalamulo apadziko lonse malinga ndi nkhani 6 ya Rome Statute of International Criminal Court (ICC). Sikuti tsankho lokha lomwe limakhala mlandu kwa anthu malinga ndi nkhani ya 7 komanso, chopatsa chidwi ndichakuti, makangano omwe akukula akuti "ziphuphu zazikulu" ndiwonso mlandu wolakwira anthu. Izi ndizofunika makamaka ku Congo.
Mlandu wa "katangale wamkulu" sikungonena kokha kupereka ziphuphu wapolisi kapena wandale. Ndiko kubedwa kwadongosolo kwa dziko - mwachitsanzo, Kongo - kuti anthu ake asadzakhalenso athanzi kapena azachuma. "Ziphuphu zazikulu" zikuwonetsedwa ndi kuphedwa kosaneneka komwe ku Congo kwazunzidwa mzaka mazana awiri zapitazi, makamaka, "Nkhondo Yoyamba Padziko Lonse Lonse ku Africa."
Ndalama ndi kubedwa kwa ndalama zakuba zachilengedwe za ku Congo za anthu onga Gertler zimabwezedwanso kudzera ku banking yapadziko lonse lapansi kupita ku chuma cha Israeli. Izi ndi 21st atsamunda achikulire.
Kupha anthu ambiri, milandu yokhudza anthu komanso milandu yankhondo yakhala yoletsedwa ndi ICC pazaka 20 zapitazi. Mofananamo, European Union ndi Belgium zili ndi lamulo lokhazikitsa ndi kukhazikitsa Lamulo la Roma. Amafika pamalingaliro oti "tsatirani ndalamazo." Kuponderezedwa kwa ufulu wachibadwidwe ndi katangale zimalumikizidwa nthawi zonse.
Pamodzi ndi loya waku Belgian, Palestine Solidarity Campaign ndi World BEYOND War akufufuza zothandiza ku Belgium ndi EU pakuukakamiza izi ndi zina mwalamulo. Lipoti lake loyambirira ndi labwino. Ndi gulu la Palestina komanso gulu la BDS, tikufufuza momwe tingapereke milandu ku Belgium motsutsana ndi mabungwe a EU omwe amabisa ndalama zomwe amapeza kudzera m'mabanki aku Israeli kuti atenge dziko la Congo pachuma cha Israeli. Takonzanso kukhazikitsa pempho lofananira kuchokera kwa othawa kwawo aku Kongo kuno ku South Africa omwe akufotokoza mavuto awo chifukwa cha "Nkhondo Yoyamba Yapadziko Lonse mu Africa."
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Wolemba, Terry Crawford-Browne, ndi Wogwirizanitsa South Africa wa World BEYOND War ndi membala wa Palestine Solidarity Campaign. Anapereka ndemanga ku "The Congo: NATAL RESOURCES, HIDDEN SILENT HOLOCAUST," msonkhano pa August 4, 2018 ku Cape Town, South Africa. Terry atha kufikiridwa pa ecaar@icon.co.za.
