Ndi Kristin Christman
Posankha njira yodza nkhanza ku Mid-East, m'malo mokomera mutu, zimathandizira kuyerekeza ndi madzi oundana. Gulu lankhondo lomwe likuyendetsedwa mwachangu lomwe limakhumba chuma, mphamvu, ndi magazi lingakhale lalikulu m'malingaliro aku America, koma ndikumapeto kwenikweni kwa ayezi. Awa ndi anthu omwe amasangalala kukhetsa magazi, omwe amakonda kupangitsa kuti anthu ena agwedezeke mu nsapato zawo, kapena amene amakhulupirira kuti nkhanza zimatha kukhala zabwino.
Kutali kwa chipale chofewa, tikupeza gulu lankhondo lodzitetezera motetezera moyo, nyumba, mphamvu, ufulu, zikhulupiriro, komanso kudziwika motsutsana ndi olamulira a Mid-Eastern, mfundo za US, komanso chidani. Ziwawa zawo sizingakhale zovomerezeka, koma zoyambitsa zawo ndizomveka.
Ndipo komweko, kumizidwa mwakachetechete pansi pa madzi am'nyanja ndiye maziko ake oundana: Amtendere aku Mid-East omwe amatsutsa zachiwawa komanso zankhondo koma omwe amagawana madandaulo ambiri, kuphatikizapo kunyansidwa ndi ndondomeko zakunja za US.
Tazindikira nsonga ya ayezi: kuponyedwa miyala, kumadulidwa mutu, kukakamizidwa. Koma kodi timaphunzira kuti ankhondo ena amakhumudwa chifukwa chosowa kuthandiza anthu osauka? Mwa kuperewera kwauzimu kwa kupita patsogolo kwa zinthu zakuthupi? Ndi nkhanza zaboma?
Ganizirani omenyera nkhondo akunja aku 15,000 ochokera kumayiko oposa 80 omwe adapita ku Syria kukamenya nkhondo ndi ISIS, al-Nusra, ndi ena. Amatitsogolera ndikukhulupirira kuti mikanganoyi imakhudza Asilamu achibaramu omwe amadulidwa mutu ndi kuphedwa. Koma chimenecho ndi nsonga yokha ya madzi oundana, chifukwa Asilamu awa akhoza kuyimira machitidwe azovuta komanso otetezedwa omwe sananyalanyazidwe pambuyo pa 9 / 11, adakulitsidwa ndikuwukira kwa US, osakhalabe osavunda.
Ndiye kodi boma la US limayandikira bwanji madzi oundana? Pakadali pano, ndikulowetsa nkhwangwa pa iyo. Koma pali zovuta zazikulu ndi njirayi.
Kuthamangira pachimake pa madzi oundana sikuchita chilichonse kuti athane ndi zifukwa zowopsa komanso zodzitetezera zomwe zimayambitsa ziwawa za ku Mid-Eastern. Matupi olimbana atha kumwalira, koma malo osawoneka omwe amadzaza mwa anthu adzasinthidwa ndi zigawenga zatsopano ngati zovuta zomwe zidawapangitsa zilipobe.
Kodi mabomba ndi kutumiza kwa zida zankhondo kumathetsa bwanji ulova, kudzipatula, tsankho, ndi kusakhulupirirana? Kodi anthu mamiliyoni ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito bwanji zida kuti athetse umphawi? Kodi zida zankhondo zimathetsa bwanji mavuto oyipa a kuthirira komanso zimayambitsa mgwirizano wokwanira wama hydroelectricity ndi ufulu wamadzi pakati pa Syria, Iraq, ndi Turkey?
Kodi mabomba apano a ku America amathetsa bwanji mkwiyo wapadziko lonse lapansi ndi mabomba aku US komanso dziko la Iraq ku Iraq? Kodi mabomba atha kubwezeretsa mkwiyo pa Israeli atomu komanso vuto la Palestina? Kodi bomba la US lingakhale ndi mphamvu bwanji yakuchepetsa mantha akuwopseza achigawenga aku Western-Zionist Crusade aku Mid-East?
Mwa kuwononga madzi oundana, powonjezera kuopseza moyo, okondedwa, ufulu, nyumba, ndi moyo, US imakulitsanso mavuto omwe amatsogolera ku ziwawa zotetezedwa. Ndipo, ngakhale kuukira madzi oundana kungathandize kuwongolera kapena kuwonongera anthu ena amisala, chifukwa malingaliro aliwonse achiwawa omwe awonongedwa, ena ambiri amapangidwa.
Maboma ndi zigawenga amagawana bokosi lolemetsa la zida zoyipa zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito pa adani: kuwopseza, bomba, kuwukira, kuba, kudzipatula, kukhala m'ndende, kuwopseza, kuwawa, kupha. Koma, monga ma neurobiologists amadziwa bwino, kupangitsa mantha kapena zopweteka mobwerezabwereza kumayambitsa mkwiyo, ndipo chilichonse mwa njira zoyipa izi zimayambitsa zovuta mu neurobiology zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhale oganiza bwino, osamala komanso amtendere.
M'malo mwake, bokosi lamtundu wa dzimbiri lingasinthe anthu omwe akukhala nawo kuti akhale ankhanzawo. Chimachitika ndi chiyani mkati mwa ubongo? Miyezi yodzetsa mtendere ya serotonin imatsikira, kuchuluka kwa oradrenaline kumawonjezeka, ndikuwonjezereka kwa hippocampus, zomwe zimapangitsa chidwi chowonjezera cha chiwopsezo, kuyankha modabwitsa, ndikuchepetsa mwayi wopeza mayankho omanga, osakhala achiwawa pazowopseza. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti sayansi yapadera yamtundu wa ochitidwa zachiwawa imafanana kwambiri ndi ubongo wa olimbana mwankhanza.
Maganizo osokoneza bongo amayambitsidwa ndi nkhondo, amakula pankhondo, ndipo amakhala osabisika mkati mwake. Chifukwa chiyani mbali mbali imodzi motsutsana ndi ina ndi mikangano yopewera, bwanji ingogwirani madzi oundana, m'malo mothandiza kuthana ndi mavuto?
Pomaliza, kulimbana ndi madzi oundana kumawononga kuthekera kwakukhala wabwino. Powerenga chifukwa chomwe Asilamu adayenda zaka makumi anayi zapitazi kukamenya nkhondo ku Afghanistan, Lebanon, Bosnia, ndi Syria, wina akuwulula zolimbikitsa zingapo zomwe zikuphatikiza kufanana ndi zomwe zimalimbikitsa aku America kuti alowe usilikari. Kodi zifukwa zabwino - kuwopsyeza kuzunzika ndi kupanda chilungamo, zikhumbo za cholinga chabwino, kusangalala, kucheza, kapena kulipira - zimalungamitsa kupha? Inde sichoncho. Koma zolinga zabwino ndi zosowa zomveka ziyenera kuyamikiridwa ndikupangidwanso.
Awo omwe ali achiwawa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi madandaulo ovomerezeka komanso zoyambitsa zabwino zomwe anthu ambiri amtendere amakhala nazo. Ngati titha kugwira ntchito molimbika ndi magulu omwe si achiwawa kuti tithandizire madandaulo ovomerezeka, mphepo ikadachotsedwa m'sitima ya omwe amakhulupirira kuti chiwawa chokha chitha kukwaniritsa chilungamo. Mwachitsanzo, uchigawenga wotsutsana ndi US, ungayang'anitsidwe mwa njira yayikulu yolimbana ndi Amereka, malingaliro omwe anthu ambiri oganiza bwino, amtendere, titha kusintha zolakwika ndikuchepetsa uchigawenga.
Ngati tizingoyang'ana kwambiri mdani, pa nsonga ya madzi oundana, tidzachita mwamphamvu kwambiri ndikukulitsa mizu ya ziwawa. Koma ngati tithana ndi zachiwawa pazithunzithunzi zazikulu za madzi oundana onse, ngati timvera malingaliro a mamembala ake achiwawa komanso amtendere ndi zolinga zawo zabwino ndi zoyipa, kuyankha kwathu kumakhala kogwira mtima komanso kosangalatsa.
Kristin Y. Christman ndi mlembi wa Taxonomy ya Mtendere: Chidziwitso Chokwanira cha Mizu ndi Zowonjezera Zachiwawa ndi Zolinga za 650 za Mtendere, ntchito yodziyimira payokha idayamba Seputembara 9/11 ndipo imapezeka pa intaneti. Ndi mayi wophunzirira kunyumba omwe ali ndi madigiri ochokera ku Dartmouth College, Brown University, ndi University ku Albany ku Russia ndi boma. http://sites.google.com/site/paradigmforpeace
