Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mbiri yakale yaulamuliro waupandu wankhanza ku International Criminal Court

Mgwirizano wa ICC, December 15, 2019.

New York-Chigamulo chamgwirizano chambiri chokhazikitsa ulamuliro wa International Criminal Court (ICC) pamilandu yachiwawa pa 16th Assembly of States Parties (ASP) ku Rome Statute kumabweretsa chilungamo pafupi ndi omwe akuzunzidwa ndi nkhondo yankhanza, Coalition for the ICC idatero. lero pakutha kwa Assembly.

"Ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa mbiriyi, kwa nthawi yoyamba kuyambira milandu ya pambuyo pa WWII ku Nuremburg ndi Tokyo, khoti lapadziko lonse lapansi likhoza kuweruza atsogoleri aliyense payekha kuti ali ndi mlandu wochita zachiwawa," adatero. adatero William R. Pace, wotsogolera bungwe la Coalition for the ICC. "Mgwirizanowu ukuthokoza onse omwe ayesetsa kuti chigawenga ichi chachinayi cha ICC chichitike ndipo akuyembekezera kulimbikitsa dongosolo la Roma Statute komanso dongosolo lapadziko lonse lapansi potengera malamulo."

“Kukhazikitsa ulamuliro wa ICC pa mlandu waupandu inali mphatso kwa anthu onse. Khotilo limaimira chikumbumtima ndi chifundo, komanso motsutsana ndi chidani ndi chiwawa,” adatero Jutta F. Bertram-Nothnagel, woimira kosatha ku UN ndi ICC-ASP ya Union Internationale des Avocats. “Chiyembekezo chathu cha mtendere padziko lapansi ndi chifuno chabwino kwa onse chapatsidwa mphamvu zatsopano komanso zofunika kwambiri.”

Msonkhanowu udawonanso chisankho cha oweruza 2017 atsopano a ICC, pulezidenti watsopano wa ASP ndi achiwiri kwa purezidenti awiri, komanso kukhazikitsidwa kwa bajeti ya ICC ya 20 komanso malingaliro osiyanasiyana okhudzana ndi chithandizo chazamalamulo, ozunzidwa, mgwirizano ndi chaka chomwe chikubwera cha XNUMXth. lamulo la Roma.

"Popeza asanu mwa oweruza asanu ndi limodzi omwe atuluka ku ICC ndi azimayi, Mgwirizanowu udachita kampeni yowonetsetsa kuti azimayi asankhidwa ndi mayiko kuti awonetsetse kuti amayimilira mwachilungamo pa benchi ya ICC," Kirsten Meersschaert, mkulu wa mapulogalamu, Coalition for the ICC. "Kukhala ndi kuyimira koyenera pakati pa amuna ndi akazi pa benchi ya ICC sikungothandiza, koma ndikofunikira kuti pakhale chilungamo choyimira."

Nkhani ya mgwirizano ndi kusagwirizana ndi Khoti inalinso mitu yaikulu ya zokambirana zomwe zikuchitika m'magulu onse a zokambirana ndi zochitika zam'mbali.

"Mgwirizano wa Nigeria ku ICC ukuyamikira gawo la ASP pa mgwirizano ndi chigamulo chopempha mayiko kuti awonjezere mgwirizano wawo ndi ICC," anati Chino Obiagwu, Purezidenti, Nigerian National Coalition for ICC. "Komabe tikutsindika kuti ASP ikuyenera kuchitapo kanthu motsutsana ndi mayiko omwe sagwirizana, kuphatikiza, ngati kuli koyenera, kuyika zilango kuti Khothi ligwire ntchito bwino. Popanda mgwirizano, ICC sigwira ntchito ndipo ufulu wake umachepetsedwa. "

"Tikuyitanitsa mayiko kuti alimbikitse mgwirizano ndi ICC, kulimbikitsa machitidwe awo oweruza kuti athe kuyankha bwino pakuthandizana, kutenga njira zoyenera kulimbikitsa chitetezo, ndi mwayi kwa anthu ogwira nawo ntchito kuti apititse patsogolo chilungamo cha ICC," adatero. anati André Kito, Purezidenti, DRC national coalition for ICC. "Tili olimbikitsidwa ndi zipani zamayiko aku Africa zomwe zasankha kukhalabe ndi ICC pozindikira zomwe zingakhudze kulimbikitsa mgwirizano ndi dongosolo la Rome Statute kuti tisangalale ndi ufulu wachibadwidwe wa ozunzidwa ndi madera omwe akukhudzidwa."

Msonkhanowu udatengeranso zina zosinthidwa ku Lamulo la Rome lomwe linaperekedwa ndi Belgium, ndikuwonjezera zida zingapo pamndandanda wamilandu yankhondo. Komabe, mayiko adalephera kuyikapo mabomba okwirira pamndandanda wa zida zomwe ziyenera kuletsedwa malinga ndi Article 8 ya Lamulo la Roma.

"Zipani zamayiko zidaphonya mwayi wophwanya mabomba oletsa anthu ku Nyumba ya Malamulo," adatero Matthew Cannock, wamkulu wa ofesi, Amnesty International Center for International Justice ku The Hague. "Ambiri mwa mayiko omwe sanavomereze kuti mabomba okwirira akhale ngati milandu avomereza Mgwirizano Woletsa Migodi ndipo amayenera kulimbikitsa kusinthaku m'malo moletsa. Komabe, tipitiliza kukankhira zipani kuti ziwonjezere zogawira mabomba ku Rome Statute. "

Mayiko adatengera bajeti ya 2018 ya ICC ya € 147,431.5 miliyoni, zomwe zikuyimira kukwera kwa 1,47% kuposa 2017.

"Ngakhale kafukufuku wina kapena awiri atsopano chaka chamawa, mamembala a ICC avomereza kuti angowonjezera pang'ono bajeti ya khothi. Kukakamizika kosalekeza kwa mayiko ena kuti aletse bajeti ya ICC kukudzutsa mafunso okhudza momwe akuyembekezera kuti ntchito yake ikwaniritsidwe," anati Elizabeth Evenson, wotsogolera chilungamo padziko lonse lapansi ku Human Rights Watch. "Ntchito ya ICC, mwatsoka, ndiyofunikira kwambiri tsopano, chifukwa chazovuta zaufulu wa anthu padziko lonse lapansi. Pamene mayiko akukonzekera kukondwerera chaka cha 20 mu 2018 cha pangano lokhazikitsa ICC, Lamulo la Rome, tikuwalimbikitsa kuti apatse khothi thandizo lothandizira komanso landale lomwe likufunika kuti lipereke chilungamo m'nthawi zovuta zino.

“Chilungamo chapadziko lonse chiyenera kuthandiza mayiko amene akukumana ndi mavuto kulimbana ndi vuto lopanda chilango; pofuna kupewa kuneneza za kukondera pakufufuza, ICC iyenera kuganizira zamilandu yonse yayikulu yomwe magulu osiyanasiyana omenyanawo amachita,” adatero Ali Ouattara, Purezidenti wa Ivorian Coalition ku ICC. "Ku Africa komanso m'makontinenti ena. Pamapeto pake, ICC iyeneranso kukhala chida choyanjanitsa mwachilungamo komanso mopanda tsankho. "

"Maboma akalephera kupatsa ICC zinthu zofunikira, zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mipata komanso kusachita bwino chifukwa ICC imadzadalira malonjezo opanda kanthu. Kusamutsidwa kwa ofesi ya ICC kuchokera ku Uganda-dziko lomwe likulimbana ndi ziwawa komanso mlandu wa ICC wa mkulu wa LRA Dominic Ongwen-kupita ku Kenya kumatikhudza mwachindunji, chifukwa kumachepetsa mwayi woti tizilankhulana mwachindunji ndi ogwira ntchito ku ICC," atero a Juliette Nakyanzi, CEO, Platform for Social Justice Uganda. “Izi zimachepetsa mphamvu za ICC ku Uganda-ndipo zotsatira za mgwirizano wa dziko la Uganda ku ICC polimbikitsa chilungamo cha mayiko."

Potengera chigamulo cha 'Omnibus', chikalata chomwe chinapangidwa pofuna kulimbikitsa Khothi ndi ASP, mayiko 123 omwe ali mamembala a ICC adatsimikiza kuchitapo kanthu pazinthu zingapo zofunika zomwe zimayang'anizana ndi dongosolo la Roma Statute, kuphatikiza Universal, mgwirizano, Secretariat of ASP, thandizo lazamalamulo, ozunzidwa, njira zogwirira ntchito za ASP, komanso kutenga nawo gawo mu ASP, pakati pa ena.

"Tikulandila zokambirana zomwe zalengezedwa zowunikiranso mfundo zothandizira zamalamulo mu 2018 kuphatikiza ndi akatswiri ndi oyimilira mabungwe," adatero Karine Bonneau, mkulu wa bungwe la International Justice desk, International Federation for Human Rights (FIDH). “Registrar wa ICC ayenera kuwonetsetsa kuti kukonzanso kwa ndondomeko yothandizira zamalamulo, kuphatikizapo ozunzidwa, apangidwa motsatira zosowa zenizeni osati zoyendetsedwa ndi chuma.. "

"Pazochitika zosiyanasiyana, mabungwe a anthu adapempha kuti mayiko omwe ali mamembala a ICC achitepo kanthu, kuphatikizapo kulimbikitsa njira zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi ozunzidwa kudzera m'maofesi a ICC m'mayiko omwe ali ndi vuto," Nino Tsagareishvili, wotsogolera, Human Rights Center, wapampando wa Georgian national coalition for ICC. “Tikupemphanso mayiko kuti awonjezere zopereka ku Trust Fund for Victims kuti athe kugwiritsa ntchito thandizo lomwe likufunika mwachangu ku Georgia ndi kwina kulikonse. "

Msonkhanowu udachitanso msonkhano wapadera wokumbukira zaka 20 kukhazikitsidwa kwa Lamulo la Roma mu 2018.

"Ndi cholinga cha Sustainable Development Goal 16, mayiko a mayiko awonetsa kuti kuonetsetsa kuti anthu onse akukhala ndi chilungamo kudzera m'mabungwe ogwira ntchito, odalirika komanso okhudzidwa m'magulu onse ndizofunikira pakulimbikitsa anthu amtendere komanso ogwirizana kuti apite patsogolo," adatero. atero a Jelena Pia Comella, wachiwiri kwa director, Coalition for ICC. "M'chaka chake chokumbukira zaka 20, mayiko akuyenera kusonyeza kuti akuthandizira kwambiri ndale ku ICC monga bungwe lotsogolera pofuna kuchepetsa nkhanza zamtundu uliwonse, kulimbikitsa malamulo, komanso kuthetsa nkhanza ndi nkhanza kwa ana ndi amayi."

"2018 idzakhala chikondwerero cha 20 cha lamulo la Rome, maphwando aboma ndi ena onse okhudzidwa ayenera kukulitsa kuthekera kwa zochitika zonse zomwe zichitike mu 2018 ndi cholinga chozindikiritsa mipata ndi zovuta mu dongosolo la Rome Statute ndikuchitapo kanthu ndondomeko yogwira ntchito bwino komanso yogwira mtima, " anati Dr. David Donat Cattin, mlembi wamkulu, a Parliamentarians for Global Action. “Aphungu ali ndi gawo lalikulu lofunikira pokhazikitsa zofuna za ndale ndikupereka mwayi wovomerezeka ndi malamulo atsopano kuti agwiritse ntchito lamuloli komanso kupatsa mphamvu mabungwe azamalamulo. "

Upandu wa Aggression anapitiriza

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa chigamulo chokhudza upandu waupandu kudadza pambuyo pa masiku 10 a zokambirana zaukazembe zomwe zidapitilira mpaka 15 Disembala 2017. Pomwe mayiko omwe ali mamembala a ICC adagamulapo tanthauzo la upanduwo pamsonkhano wowunika ku Kampala mu 2010, ASP 16 idapatsidwa ntchito yoyambitsa. Komabe, kugawanikana kudabuka pakati pa mayiko ngati ulamulirowo ungagwire ntchito kumayiko onse omwe ali membala wa ICC atakwaniritsa malire 30 ovomerezeka, kapena okhawo omwe avomereza kuti Khothi lilamulire mlanduwo.

Chigamulo chomwe chinavomerezedwa chidzayamba kugwira ntchito pa 17 July 2018-tsiku lachikondwerero cha zaka 20 chikhazikitse mgwirizano wa ICC-m'mayiko omwe ali mamembala a ICC omwe adavomereza kapena kuvomereza kusintha kwa Lamulo la Rome. Limanenanso kuti ICC sidzakhala ndi ulamuliro pa mayiko omwe ali mamembala a ICC, kapena nzika zawo, omwe sanavomereze kapena kuvomereza zosinthazi ngati boma litumiza kapena proprio mutu (kuyambitsidwa ndi wozenga mlandu wa ICC) kufufuza. Komabe, oweruza a ICC amakhalabe odziyimira pawokha pakugamula nkhani zaulamuliro ndipo zotumizidwa kuchokera ku UN Security Council zilibe malire.

"Nkhanza zazikulu zoterezi zikuphatikizapo nkhondo zachiwembu zomwe zakhala zikudziwika kwambiri m'mbiri yaposachedwapa, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimachititsa kuti anthu aziphwanya malamulo pankhondo, kuphwanya malamulo kwa anthu, ngakhale kupha anthu." adatero pulezidenti watsopano wa PGA, Ms. Margareta Cederfelt, MP (Sweden). “Lingaliro la lero la bungwe la ICC Assembly of States Parties kuti likhazikitse mphamvu za Khoti pa mlandu wochita zachiwawa likulimbitsa kudzipereka kwa International Community kuthetsa kusalanga anthu pamilandu ikuluikulu yomwe ili pansi pa Malamulo a Padziko Lonse.”

Kusankhidwa kwa maudindo akuluakulu a ICC ndi ASP

Mayiko adasankha oweruza atsopano asanu ndi limodzi ku benchi ya ICC. Ms. Tomoko Akane (Japan), Ms. Luz del Carmen Ibánez Carranza (Peru), Ms. Reine Alapini-Gansou (Benin), Ms. Solomy Balungi Bossa (Uganda), Ms. Kimberly Prost (Canada), ndi Mr. Rosario Salvatore Aitala (Italy) agwira ntchito kwa zaka zisanu ndi zinayi, zomwe zikuyembekezeka kuyamba mu Marichi 2018.

Pazisankho zina za ASP, woweruza O-Gon Kwon (Republic of Korea) anasankhidwa kukhala pulezidenti wotsatira wa ASP, pamene a Momar Diop, kazembe wa dziko la Senegal ku Netherlands, adzakhala wachiwiri kwa pulezidenti wotsogolera bungwe la ASP Bureau la The Hague Working. Gulu, ndi Bambo Michal Mlynár, kazembe wa Slovakia ku United Nations, adzakhala mtsogoleri wa New York Working Group. Mamembala asanu ndi limodzi a Komiti ya Bajeti ndi Zachuma adasankhidwanso tsiku loyamba la ASP.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri

Pitani kwathu Tsamba lawebusayiti la Assembly of States Parties 2017 kwa chidule cha tsiku ndi tsiku, maziko, malingaliro ofunikira a mabungwe a anthu ndi zolemba zina.

Pitani kwathu upandu waukali patsamba lawebusayiti kuti mumve zambiri za matanthauzo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zaupandu wachinayi wa ICC

Pitani kwathu tsamba la zisankho kuti mudziwe zambiri za ziyeneretso ndi masomphenya a chilungamo chapadziko lonse cha oweruza XNUMX atsopano a ICC

Za Coalition for ICC

Mgwirizano wa ICC ndi gulu la mabungwe a 2,500, ang'onoang'ono ndi akuluakulu, m'mayiko a 150 omwe akumenyera chilungamo padziko lonse pa milandu ya nkhondo, milandu yotsutsana ndi anthu komanso kupha anthu kwa zaka zoposa 20. Tinapangitsa chilungamo chapadziko lonse kuchitika; tsopano tikukonza. 

Akatswiri ochokera m'mabungwe omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe omwe ali mamembala a Coalition alipo kuti adziwe zambiri komanso ndemanga. Contact: communications@coalitionfortheicc.org.

Za ICC

ICC ndi khothi loyamba padziko lonse lokhazikika padziko lonse lapansi kukhala ndi mphamvu pa milandu yankhondo, milandu yolimbana ndi anthu komanso kupha anthu. Chofunika kwambiri pa ntchito ya Khotilo ndi mfundo yothandizana, yomwe imati Khotilo lidzalowererapo pokhapokha ngati mabungwe azamalamulo a dziko sangathe kapena sakufuna kufufuza ndi kuimba mlandu anthu ophwanya malamulo, milandu yotsutsana ndi anthu komanso milandu ya nkhondo. Monga chimodzi mwazopita patsogolo kwambiri pachitetezo chaufulu wa anthu padziko lonse lapansi, njira yatsopano yokhazikitsidwa ndi Lamulo la Roma idapangidwa kuti izilanga olakwira, kubweretsa chilungamo kwa ozunzidwa ndikuthandizira kuti pakhale bata, anthu amtendere. Bwalo lamilandu lapita kale m’mbuyo poweruza anthu amene anachita nkhanza. Okhudzidwawo akulandira kale thandizo lokonzanso miyoyo yawo. Koma kupezeka kwa chilungamo padziko lonse lapansi kumakhalabe kosagwirizana, ndipo maboma ambiri akupitiriza kukana ulamuliro wa ICC kumene ukufunikira kwambiri.