Ndi David Swanson, Telesur
Pa Ogasiti 6th ndi 9th mamiliyoni aanthu akhala akumbukira zaka 70 zakuphulika kwa mabomba a nyukiliya ku Hiroshima ndi Nagasaki m'mizindayi komanso zochitika padziko lonse lapansi. Ena akondwerera mgwirizano waposachedwa womwe Iran idadzipereka kuti isachite zida zanyukiliya, komanso kutsatira mgwirizano wa Non-proliferation Treaty (NPT) komanso zofunikira zomwe sizinakhazikitsidwe kudziko lina lililonse.
Komabe, mayiko omwe ali ndi zida za nyukiliya akuphwanya NPT polephera kuchotsa zida kapena kumanga zina (US, Russia, UK, France, China, India), kapena akana kusaina panganoli (Israel, Pakistan, North Korea). ). Pakadali pano mayiko atsopano akupeza mphamvu za nyukiliya ngakhale ali ndi mafuta ochulukirapo komanso/kapena zina zabwino kwambiri zopangira mphamvu zoyendera dzuwa padziko lapansi (Saudi Arabia, Jordan, UAE).
Mivi ya nyukiliya yomwe ili ndi mphamvu zoposa kuphulika kwa mabomba pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse mu bomba limodzi ikuyang'aniridwa ndi zikwi ku Russia kuchokera ku United States ndi mosemphanitsa. Kuchita misala kwa mphindi makumi atatu ndi ziwiri mu Purezidenti waku US kapena waku Russia kutha kuthetsa zamoyo zonse padziko lapansi. Ndipo United States ikusewera masewera ankhondo kumalire a Russia. Kuvomereza misala imeneyi ngati yachibadwa komanso yachizoloŵezi ndi mbali ya kuphulika kwa mabomba awiriwa, komwe kunayamba zaka 70 zapitazo ndipo sikumveka bwino.
Kuponyedwa kwa mabomba amenewo ndi chiwopsezo choonekeratu kuyambira pamene kugwetsa ena ndi mlandu watsopano umene wabala mtundu watsopano wa imperialism. United States yalowererapo mayiko 70 - opitilira chaka chimodzi - kuyambira Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, ndipo tsopano abwera mozungulira kukonzanso usilikali ku Japan.
The m'mbiri za nkhondo yoyamba ya US ku Japan zidawululidwa ndi James Bradley. Mu 1853 Asitikali ankhondo aku US adakakamiza Japan kuti itsegule kwa amalonda aku US, amishonale, ndi zankhondo. Mu 1872 asilikali a ku United States anayamba kuphunzitsa anthu a ku Japan mmene angagonjetsere mayiko ena, akuyang’ana dziko la Taiwan.
Charles LeGendre, mkulu wa ku America wophunzitsa anthu a ku Japan njira zankhondo, adanena kuti atengere Chiphunzitso cha Monroe ku Asia, yomwe ndi ndondomeko yolamulira Asia momwe United States inkalamulira dziko lake. Mu 1873, Japan inagonjetsa Taiwan ndi alangizi a asilikali a US ndi zida. Kenako Korea inatsatira, kenako China mu 1894. Mu 1904, pulezidenti wa United States, Theodore Roosevelt, analimbikitsa dziko la Japan kuti liukire dziko la Russia. Koma anaphwanya lonjezo ku Japan pokana kulengeza poyera kuti ali ndi chithandizo cha Monroe Doctrine, ndipo adagwirizana ndi kukana kwa Russia kuti apereke ndalama ku Japan pambuyo pa nkhondoyo. Ufumu wa Japan udawoneka ngati wopikisana naye osati woyimira, ndipo asitikali aku US adakhala zaka makumi ambiri akukonzekera nkhondo ndi Japan.
Harry Truman, yemwe akanalamula kuti mabomba a nyukiliya awonongeke mu 1945, adalankhula mu Senate ya US pa June 23, 1941: "Ngati tiwona kuti Germany ikupambana," adatero, "tiyenera kuthandiza Russia, ndipo ngati Russia ikupambana tiyenera kutero. kuti athandize Germany, ndipo mwanjira imeneyo alole kupha ambiri momwe angathere.” Kodi Truman ankaona kuti moyo wa anthu a ku Japan unali wofunika kwambiri kuposa Chirasha ndi Chijeremani? Palibe paliponse pomwe anganene kuti anachita. Kafukufuku wa Asitikali aku US mu 1943 adapeza kuti pafupifupi theka la ma GI onse amakhulupirira kuti kuyenera kupha munthu aliyense wa ku Japan padziko lapansi. William Halsey, yemwe anatsogolera asilikali ankhondo apanyanja a US ku South Pacific, analumbira kuti nkhondoyo ikadzatha, chinenero cha Chijapanizi chidzalankhulidwa ku helo kokha.
Pa Ogasiti 6, 1945, Purezidenti Truman analengeza kuti: “Maola XNUMX apitawo ndege ya ku America inagwetsa bomba limodzi ku Hiroshima, malo ofunika kwambiri ankhondo a ku Japan.” Ndithudi unali mzinda, osati malo ankhondo konse. "Tapeza bomba lomwe tagwiritsa ntchito," adatero Truman. "Tagwiritsa ntchito motsutsana ndi omwe adatiukira popanda chenjezo ku Pearl Harbor, kwa iwo omwe amwalira ndi njala ndi kumenya ndi kupha akaidi ankhondo aku America, komanso kwa iwo omwe asiya kunamizira kumvera malamulo apadziko lonse ankhondo." Truman sananene chilichonse chokhudza kukayikira kapena mtengo wofunikira kuti athetse nkhondo.
M'malo mwake, Japan idayesa kudzipereka kwa miyezi ingapo, kuphatikiza chingwe chake cha Julayi 13 chomwe chidatumizidwa kwa Stalin, yemwe adachiwerengera Truman. Japan inkangofuna kusunga mfumu yake, zomwe United States inakana mpaka mabomba a nyukiliya atatha. Mlangizi wa Truman James Byrnes ankafuna kuti mabomba agwetsedwe kuti athetse nkhondo Soviet Union isanayambe kulanda dziko la Japan. Ndipotu asilikali a Soviet anaukira asilikali a ku Japan ku Manchuria tsiku lomwelo pamene kuphulitsa mabomba ku Nagasaki kunawagonjetsa. A US ndi a Soviet anapitiriza nkhondo ku Japan kwa milungu ingapo pambuyo pa Nagasaki. Kenako Ajapani anagonja.
The United States Strategic Bombing Survey inati, "... ndithu isanafike 31 December, 1945, ndipo mwinamwake isanafike 1 November, 1945, Japan akanadzipereka ngakhale mabomba a atomiki akanapanda kugwetsedwa, ngakhale dziko la Russia silinalowe. nkhondo, ndipo ngakhale ngati palibe kuukira komwe kunalinganizidwa kapena kuganiziridwa.” Mmodzi wotsutsa mabomba a nyukiliya amene adanenanso maganizo omwewo kwa Mlembi wa Nkhondo kusanachitike mabomba anali General Dwight Eisenhower. Wapampando wa akuluakulu a asilikali ankhondo a William D. Leahy anavomereza kuti: “Kugwiritsa ntchito chida chankhanza chimenechi ku Hiroshima ndi Nagasaki sikunali kothandiza pankhondo yathu yolimbana ndi Japan. Anthu a ku Japan anali atagonjetsedwa kale ndipo anali okonzeka kugonja.”
Nkhondo siinathe. Ufumu watsopano wa ku America unakhazikitsidwa. "Kudana ndi nkhondo ... kudzakhala chopinga chosatheka kuti tipambane," adatero mkulu wa General Electric Charles Wilson mu 1944. "Pachifukwachi, ndikukhulupirira kuti tiyenera kuyamba tsopano kukhazikitsa makina kuti ayambe nkhondo yokhazikika. chuma." Ndipo anatero. Ngakhale zowukira zinali palibe chatsopano kwa asitikali aku US, iwo tsopano anabwera pamlingo watsopano. Ndipo chiwopsezo chomwe chikuchitika nthawi zonse cha kugwiritsira ntchito zida za nyukiliya chakhala mbali yaikulu ya izo.
Truman adawopseza kuti awononga dziko la China mu 1950. Nthanoyi inakula, kuti chidwi cha Eisenhower pa nuking China chinachititsa kuti nkhondo ya Korea ithetsedwe mofulumira. Kukhulupirira nthano imeneyi kunapangitsa Purezidenti Richard Nixon, zaka makumi angapo pambuyo pake, kuganiza kuti atha kuthetsa nkhondo ya Vietnam ponamizira kuti ndi wamisala kugwiritsa ntchito mabomba a nyukiliya. Chodetsa nkhaŵa kwambiri n’chakuti anali wopenga mokwanira. "Bomba la nyukiliya, kodi zikukuvutitsani? … Ndikungofuna kuti uganize zazikulu, Henry, za Christsakes,” Nixon adatero kwa Henry Kissinger pokambirana za njira zaku Vietnam. Ndipo ndi kangati Iran idakumbutsidwa kuti "zosankha zonse zili patebulo"?
A ndondomeko yatsopano kuthetsa zida za nyukiliya kukukulirakulira ndipo ndikofunikira kuti tithandizire. Koma ku Japan kulibe kubwezeretsedwanso. Ndipo kachiwiri, boma la US likuganiza kuti likonda zotsatira zake. Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, mothandizidwa ndi US, akumasuliranso chilankhulochi mu Constitution ya Japan:
"[T] anthu aku Japan amakana nkhondo nthawi zonse ngati ufulu wodziyimira pawokha komanso kuwopseza kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ngati njira yothetsera mikangano yapadziko lonse lapansi. . . . [L] ndi, asilikali a m’nyanja, ndi apamlengalenga, komanso mphamvu zina zankhondo, sizidzasungidwa.”
"Kutanthauziranso" kwatsopano, komwe kunachitika popanda kusintha Constitution, kumati dziko la Japan likhoza kusunga mphamvu zamtunda, nyanja, ndi ndege, komanso mphamvu zina zankhondo, komanso kuti Japan idzagwiritsa ntchito nkhondo kapena kuopseza nkhondo kuti iteteze, kuteteza chilichonse mwa nkhondo. ogwirizana, kapena kutenga nawo mbali pankhondo yovomerezedwa ndi UN kulikonse padziko lapansi. Luso la Abe "lotanthauziranso" lingapangitse Ofesi ya Ulangizi wa zamalamulo ku US kuchita manyazi.
Othirira ndemanga aku US akunena za kusinthaku ku Japan ngati "kukhazikika" ndikuwonetsa kukwiya ndi kulephera kwa Japan kuchita nawo nkhondo zilizonse kuyambira Nkhondo Yadziko II. Boma la US tsopano liyembekezera kutengapo gawo kwa Japan pachiwopsezo chilichonse kapena kugwiritsa ntchito nkhondo yolimbana ndi China kapena Russia. Koma kutsagana ndi kubwereranso kwankhondo zaku Japan ndikuwuka kwa dziko la Japan, osati kudzipereka kwa Japan ku ulamuliro waku US. Ndipo ngakhale dziko la Japan ndi lofooka ku Okinawa, kumene gulu lothamangitsira asilikali a US likukulirakulira nthawi zonse. Pokonzanso Japan, m'malo modzichotsera usilikali, United States ikusewera ndi moto.
