Mukwiye ndi Nyukiliya Madness

Ndi David Swanson, September 24, 2022

Ndemanga ku Seattle pa Seputembara 24, 2022 pa https://abolishnuclearweapons.org

Ndadwala komanso ndatopa ndi nkhondo. Ndine wokonzeka mtendere. Nanga iwe?

Ndine wokondwa kumva. Koma pafupifupi aliyense amafuna mtendere, ngakhale anthu amene amaganiza kuti njira yotsimikizirika ya mtendere ndi kupyolera mu nkhondo zambiri. Ali ndi mzati wamtendere ku Pentagon, pambuyo pake. Ndine wotsimikiza kuti amanyalanyaza kuposa kuzipembedza, ngakhale kuti amapereka nsembe zambiri zaumunthu pazifukwa zake.

Ndikafunsa chipinda cha anthu m'dziko lino ngati akuganiza kuti mbali iliyonse ya nkhondo iliyonse ingakhale yolungama kapena yakhala yolungama, nthawi za 99 mwa 100 ndimamva mwamsanga kufuula kwa "Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse" kapena "Hitler" kapena "Holocaust. ”

Tsopano ndichita zomwe sindimachita nthawi zambiri ndikupangira kuti muwonere kanema wamtali wa Ken Burns pa PBS, watsopano ku US ndi Holocaust. Ndikutanthauza pokhapokha mutakhala m'modzi mwa ma dinosaurs odabwitsa ngati ine omwe amawerenga mabuku. Kodi aliyense wa inu amawerenga mabuku?

Chabwino, nonsenu: onerani filimuyi, chifukwa imachotsa chifukwa chimodzi chomwe anthu amapereka kuti athandizire nkhondo yoyamba yapitayi yomwe amathandizira, yomwe ndi maziko abodza akuthandizira nkhondo zatsopano ndi zida.

Ndikuyembekeza kuti owerenga mabukuwa akudziwa kale izi, koma kupulumutsa anthu kumisasa yakupha sikunali gawo la WWII. Ndipotu, kufunika koyang'ana pa kumenya nkhondo kunali chifukwa chachikulu cha anthu kuti asapulumutse anthu. Chowiringula chachikulu chachinsinsi chinali chakuti palibe dziko lililonse padziko lapansi lomwe likufuna othawa kwawo. Filimuyi ikufotokoza mkangano wamisala womwe udapitilira ngati kuphulitsa misasa yakupha kuti awapulumutse. Koma sizikukuuzani kuti omenyera mtendere anali kulimbikitsa maboma a azungu kuti akambirane za ufulu wa anthu omwe akufuna kuzunzidwa. Kukambitsirana kunachitidwa bwino ndi Nazi Germany pa akaidi ankhondo, monga momwe zokambirana zaposachedwapa zachitika bwino ndi Russia pa kusinthana kwa akaidi ndi zogulitsa kunja kwa tirigu ku Ukraine. Vuto silinali kuti Germany sakanamasula anthu - idakhala ikufuna kuti wina awatenge kwa zaka zambiri. Vuto linali loti boma la US silinkafuna kumasula anthu mamiliyoni ambiri lomwe linkawaona kuti ndi vuto lalikulu. Ndipo vuto tsopano ndiloti boma la US silikufuna mtendere ku Ukraine.

Ndikukhulupirira kuti US ivomereza anthu aku Russia omwe akuthawa ndikuwadziwa komanso kuwakonda kuti tigwire nawo ntchito limodzi US isanafike poyambitsa zolembera.

Koma ngakhale anthu ochepa chabe ku United States ankafuna kuthandiza omwe anazunzidwa ndi Nazism, mwa njira zina zomwe tili nazo ku US anthu ambiri omwe akufuna kuthetsa kuphedwa ku Ukraine. Koma sikuti tonsefe timakhala chete nthawi zonse!

A zofufuzira ndi Data for Progress of Washington's Ninth Congressional District kumayambiriro kwa August anapeza kuti 53% ya ovota adanena kuti athandizira United States kuti apitirize kukambirana kuti athetse nkhondo ku Ukraine mwamsanga, ngakhale zitatanthawuza kupanga mgwirizano ndi Russia. Chimodzi mwazifukwa zambiri zomwe ndikukhulupirira kuti chiwerengerocho chikhoza kukwera, ngati sichinayambe, ndikuti mufukufuku womwewo 78% ya ovota anali ndi nkhawa ndi nkhondo yomwe ikupita ku nyukiliya. Ndikukayikira kuti 25% kapena kupitilira apo omwe akuwoneka kuti akuda nkhawa kuti nkhondo ikupita ku nyukiliya koma akukhulupirira kuti ndi mtengo womwe uyenera kulipiridwa kuti tipewe zokambirana zamtendere alibe kumvetsetsa kwathunthu za nkhondo ya nyukiliya.

Ndikuganiza kuti tiyenera kupitiriza kuyesa njira zonse zomwe tingathe kuti anthu adziwe za ngozi zambiri zomwe zatsala pang'ono kuphonya komanso mikangano, kuti ndizokayikitsa kwambiri kuti bomba limodzi la nyukiliya lidzayambidwa m'malo mochuluka kwambiri mbali ziwiri. , kuti mtundu wa bomba lomwe linawononga Nagasaki tsopano langokhala lophulitsira bomba lalikulu kwambiri lomwe okonza nkhondo ya nyukiliya amatcha laling'ono komanso logwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso momwe ngakhale nkhondo yochepa ya nyukiliya ingapangire nyengo yozizira ya nyukiliya yowononga mbewu padziko lonse lapansi yomwe ingachoke. amoyo akusirira akufa.

Ndikumvetsetsa kuti anthu ena ku Richland, Washington, akuyesera kusintha mayina azinthu ndikuchepetsa kulemekeza komwe adatulutsa plutonium yomwe idapha anthu aku Nagasaki. Ndikuganiza kuti tiyenera kuyamika kuyesetsa kuthetsa chikondwerero chakupha anthu.

The New York Times posachedwa analemba za Richland koma makamaka adapewa funso lofunikira. Zikadakhala zowona kuti kuphulitsa bomba ku Nagasaki kunapulumutsa miyoyo yochulukirapo kuposa momwe idawonongera, ndiye kuti zikadakhala zabwino kuti Richland awonetse ulemu kwa miyoyo yomwe idatengedwa, komanso zikakhala zofunikira kukondwerera zomwe zidachitika zovuta zotere.

Koma ngati ziri zowona, monga momwe zowona zimawonekera momvekera bwino, kuti mabomba a nyukiliya sanapulumutse miyoyo yoposa 200,000, m’chenicheni sanapulumutse miyoyo iriyonse, ndiye kuti kuwakondwerera kuli koipa chabe. Ndipo, ndi akatswiri ena akukhulupirira kuti chiwopsezo cha apocalypse ya nyukiliya sichinakhalepo chachikulu kuposa pakali pano, zilibe kanthu kuti tichite izi.

Mabomba a Nagasaki adasunthidwa kuchokera pa Ogasiti 11 mpaka Ogasiti 9 1945 kuti achepetse mwayi wa Japan kugonja bomba lisanagwe. Kotero, chirichonse chimene mukuganiza za nuking mzinda umodzi (pamene ambiri mwa asayansi nyukiliya ankafuna chionetsero pa malo opanda anthu m'malo), n'zovuta concoct kulungamitsidwa kwa nuking kuti mzinda wachiwiri. Ndipo kwenikweni panalibe kulungamitsidwa kuwononga woyambayo.

United States Strategic Bombing Survey, yokhazikitsidwa ndi boma la US, anamaliza kuti, “Ndithu, pasanafike pa 31 December, 1945, ndipo mwina pasanafike pa 1 November, 1945, dziko la Japan likadagonja ngakhale mabomba a atomiki akanati asagwe, ngakhale dziko la Russia likadapanda kumenya nawo nkhondoyo, ndipo ngakhale kulibe zakonzedwa kapena kuganiziridwa.”

Mmodzi wotsutsa yemwe adanenanso maganizo omwewo kwa Mlembi wa Nkhondo ndipo, mwa akaunti yake, kwa Purezidenti Truman, mabomba asanachitike anali General Dwight Eisenhower. General Douglas MacArthur, kuphulitsidwa kwa bomba ku Hiroshima kusanachitike, adalengeza kuti Japan idamenyedwa kale. Wapampando wa Joint Chiefs of Staff Admiral William D. Leahy ananena mokwiya mu 1949, “Kugwiritsa ntchito chida chankhanzachi ku Hiroshima ndi Nagasaki sikunatithandize pankhondo yathu yolimbana ndi Japan. Anthu a ku Japan anali atagonjetsedwa kale ndipo anali okonzeka kugonja.”

Purezidenti Truman analungamitsa kuphulitsa kwa mabomba ku Hiroshima, osati monga kufulumira kutha kwa nkhondo, koma monga kubwezera zolakwa za Japan. Kwa milungu ingapo, dziko la Japan linali lololera kugonja ngati likanatha kusunga mfumu yake. United States inakana zimenezo mpaka mabomba atagwa. Chotero, chikhumbo chofuna kuponya mabombacho chingakhale chinatalikitsa nkhondoyo.

Tiyenera kunena momveka bwino kuti zonena kuti mabomba anapulumutsa miyoyo poyamba zinali zomveka kuposa momwe zilili panopa, chifukwa zinali za moyo wa azungu. Tsopano aliyense ali ndimanyazi kwambiri kuphatikiza gawoli, koma amapitilizabe kunena zoyambira, ngakhale kupha anthu 200,000 pankhondo yomwe ingathe kutha mukangothetsa mwina ndi chinthu chakutali kwambiri chomwe chingachitike pakupulumutsa miyoyo.

Zikuwoneka kwa ine kuti masukulu, m'malo mogwiritsa ntchito mitambo ya bowa polemba ma logo, ayenera kuyang'ana kwambiri ntchito yophunzitsa mbiri yakale.

Ndikutanthauza masukulu onse. N’cifukwa ciani timakhulupilila kuti nkhondo yapakamwa idzatha? Ndani anatiphunzitsa zimenezo?

Kutha kwa Cold War sikunaphatikizepo Russia kapena United States kuchepetsa zida zake zanyukiliya pansi pa zomwe zingatenge kuwononga pafupifupi zamoyo zonse pa Dziko Lapansi kangapo - osati kumvetsetsa kwa asayansi zaka 30 zapitazo, ndipo osati tsopano kudziwa zambiri za nyukiliya yozizira.

Zomwe akuti kutha kwa Cold War inali nkhani yazandale komanso nkhani zofalitsa nkhani. Koma miviyo siinachoke. Zida sizidatuluke ku US kapena Russia, monga ku China. Palibe US kapena Russia omwe adadzipereka kuti asayambe nkhondo yanyukiliya. Pangano la kudzipereka kwa Nonproliferation likuwoneka kuti silinakhale kudzipereka kowona mtima ku Washington DC. Ndikayika ngakhale kuitchula kuopa kuti wina ku Washington DC angadziwe kuti ilipo ndikuiphwanya. Koma ine ndinena izo mulimonse. Maphwando a mgwirizanowo adadzipereka ku:

"Pitirizani zokambirana mwachikhulupiriro za njira zogwirira ntchito zokhudzana ndi kutha kwa mpikisano wa zida za nyukiliya pa nthawi yoyambirira komanso kuthetsa zida za nyukiliya, komanso pa mgwirizano wokhudzana ndi kuthetsa zida zonse pansi pa ulamuliro wolimba komanso wogwira mtima padziko lonse lapansi."

Ndikufuna boma la US lisayine mapangano ambiri, kuphatikiza mapangano ndi mapangano omwe adasokoneza, monga mgwirizano wa Iran, Intermediate Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, ndi Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty, kuphatikiza mapangano omwe adachita. sanasainepo, monga Pangano la Kuletsa Zida za Nyukiliya. Koma palibe mwa iwo omwe ali abwino ngati mapangano omwe alipo omwe tingafune kutsatiridwa, monga Kellogg-Briand Pact yomwe imaletsa nkhondo zonse, kapena mgwirizano wa Nonproliferation, womwe umafuna kuchotsera zida zonse - zida zonse. N’chifukwa chiyani tili ndi malamulowa m’mabuku amene ali abwino kwambiri kuposa zinthu zimene timalota kuti tikhazikitse malamulo moti n’zosavuta kuvomereza zonena zabodza zoti kulibe kwenikweni, kuti tiyenera kukhulupirira ma TV athu m’malo moti tizingowanena okha. maso onama?

Yankho lake ndi losavuta. Chifukwa gulu lamtendere la 1920s linali lamphamvu kuposa momwe tingaganizire, komanso chifukwa gulu lodana ndi nkhondo komanso anti-nyukiliya la 1960s linali labwino kwambiri. Kusuntha konseku kudapangidwa ndi anthu wamba ngati ife, kupatula odziwa zambiri komanso odziwa zambiri. Tikhoza kuchita chimodzimodzi ndi bwino.

Koma tiyenera kukwiya ndi misala ya nyukiliya. Tiyenera kuchita ngati kuti chinthu chilichonse chokongola ndi chodabwitsa padziko lapansi chikuwopsezedwa ndi chiwonongeko chofulumira chifukwa cha kudzikuza kwa anthu ena opusa kwambiri amoyo. Tikuchitadi ndi misala, ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti tiyenera kufotokoza chomwe chiri cholakwika kwa iwo omwe angamvetsere, pamene tikumanga kayendetsedwe ka ndale kwa omwe akuyenera kukankhidwa.

Chifukwa chiyani kuli misala kufuna zida zazikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, kungoletsa alendo osaganiza bwino kuti asawukidwe mosayembekezereka monga momwe dziko la Russia lidathamangitsidwa mosamala kwambiri?

(Mwachidziwikire nonse mukudziwa kuti kukwiyitsidwa ndi chinthu sikumandikhululukira koma ndiyenera kunena choncho.)

Nazi zifukwa 10 zofunira nukes ndi misala:

1. Zaka zokwanira zipite ndipo kukhalapo kwa zida za nyukiliya kudzatipha tonse mwangozi.
2. Zaka zokwanira zipite ndipo kukhalapo kwa zida za nyukiliya kudzatipha tonse kudzera m'zochitika za wamisala.
3. Palibe chida cha nyukiliya chomwe chingalepheretse mulu waukulu wa zida zopanda nyukiliya sizingalepheretse bwino - koma dikirani #4.
4. Kuchita zopanda chiwawa kwatsimikizira chitetezo chopambana pakuwukiridwa ndi ntchito kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito zida.
5. Kuwopseza kugwiritsa ntchito chida kuti musachigwiritse ntchito kumabweretsa chiopsezo chachikulu cha kusakhulupirira, kusokonezeka, komanso kuzigwiritsa ntchito kwenikweni.
6. Kugwiritsa ntchito anthu ambiri kukonzekera kugwiritsira ntchito chida kumapangitsa kuti anthu ayambe kuzigwiritsa ntchito, zomwe ndi mbali ya kufotokozera zomwe zinachitika mu 1945.
7. Hanford, monga malo ena ambiri, akukhala pazinyalala zomwe ena amatcha Chernobyl yapansi panthaka ikuyembekezera kuchitika, ndipo palibe amene wapeza yankho, koma kutulutsa zinyalala zambiri kumawonedwa kukhala kosakayikitsa ndi omwe ali mumisala.
8. Ena 96% aanthu sakhala opanda nzeru kuposa 4% ku United States, komanso chimodzimodzi.
9. Pamene Cold War ikhoza kuyambiranso posankha kuzindikira kuti siinathe, ndipo ikakhoza kutenthedwa nthawi yomweyo, kulephera kusintha kwambiri njira ndilo tanthauzo la misala.
10. Vladimir Putin - komanso Donald Trump, Bill Clinton, Bushes awiri, Richard Nixon, Dwight Eisenhower, ndi Harry Truman - adawopseza kugwiritsa ntchito zida za nyukiliya. Awa ndi anthu omwe amakhulupirira kuti kusunga ziwopsezo ndizofunikira kwambiri kuposa kusunga malonjezo awo. US Congress ikunena poyera kuti sangathe kuyimitsa purezidenti. A Washington Post wolemba nkhani akuti palibe chodetsa nkhawa chifukwa US ili ndi ma nukes ochuluka ngati Russia. Dziko lathu lonse lapansi siliyenera njuga zomwe mfumu ina ya nyukiliya ku US kapena Russia kapena kwina kulikonse sangatsatire.

Misala yachiritsidwa kambirimbiri, ndipo misala ya nyukiliya ikufunikanso kukhala chimodzimodzi. Mabungwe omwe adakhala kwa zaka zambiri, omwe adalembedwa kuti sangalephereke, achilengedwe, ofunikira, ndi mawu ena osiyanasiyana okayikitsa omwe amalowetsedwa, atha m'magulu osiyanasiyana. Izi zikuphatikiza kudya anthu, kupereka anthu nsembe, kuyesedwa ndi zowawa, mikangano yamagazi, kukangana, mitala, chilango chachikulu, ukapolo, ndi pulogalamu ya Bill O'Reilly's Fox News. Anthu ambiri amafuna kuchiza misala ya nyukiliya moyipa kwambiri kotero kuti akupanga mapangano atsopano kuti achite. Anthu ambiri akhala akukhala ndi nukes. South Korea, Taiwan, Sweden, ndi Japan asankha kusakhala ndi nukes. Ukraine ndi Kazakhstan anasiya nukes awo. Momwemonso Belarus. South Africa idapereka zida zake. Brazil ndi Argentina anasankha kusakhala ndi nukes. Ndipo ngakhale kuti Nkhondo Yapakamwa sinathe, masitepe ochititsa chidwi oterowo anachitidwa pofuna kuchotsa zida mwakuti anthu ankaganiza kuti ikutha. Kuzindikira koteroko kwa nkhaniyi kunapangidwa zaka 40 zapitazo kotero kuti anthu ankaganiza kuti vutoli liyenera kuthetsedwa. Tawonanso pang'ono pang'ono za chidziwitso chimenecho chaka chino.

Nkhondo ku Ukraine itayamba kumveka mchaka chathachi, asayansi omwe amasunga koloko ya Doomsday Clock anali atasuntha kale mu 2020 pafupi ndi apocalyptic pakati pausiku, ndikusiya kachipinda kakang'ono kuti asunthire pafupi chaka chino. Koma china chake chinasintha kwambiri chikhalidwe cha US. Gulu lomwe, ngakhale silimafunikira kwenikweni kuti lichepetse kugwa kwa nyengo, likudziwa momveka bwino za tsogolo losayembekezereka, mwadzidzidzi linayamba kuyankhula pang'ono za apocalypse yopita patsogolo yomwe ingakhale nkhondo yanyukiliya. The Seattle Times ngakhale anali ndi mutu wankhani wakuti “Washington Anasiya Kukonzekera Nkhondo ya Nyukiliya mu 1984. Kodi Tiyenera Kuyamba Tsopano?” Ndi misala ndikukuuzani.

The Seattle Times analimbikitsa chikhulupiriro cha bomba la nyukiliya lokha, ndi njira zothetsera aliyense payekha. Pali chifukwa chochepa kwambiri choganizira kuti bomba limodzi la nyukiliya lidzaphulitsidwa popanda mabomba ambiri otsatizana ndi mabomba ambiri omwe akuyankha nthawi yomweyo kuchokera kumbali ina. Komabe chidwi chikuperekedwa pakali pano pa momwe munthu ayenera kukhalira bomba limodzi likagunda kuposa momwe zimakhalira nthawi zambiri. Mzinda wa New York udatulutsa chilengezo chapagulu chouza anthu kuti alowe m'nyumba. Othandizira omwe alibe nyumba amakwiya chifukwa cha kuwononga kwa nkhondo ya nyukiliya, ngakhale kuti nkhondo yeniyeni ya nyukiliya idzakonda mphemvu zokha, ndipo chifukwa cha zochepa zomwe timawononga pokonzekera tikhoza kupatsa munthu aliyense nyumba. Tamva kale lero za njira yothetsera mapiritsi a ayodini.

Kuyankha kopanda munthu payekhapayekha pavuto lophatikizanali lingakhale kulinganiza kukakamizidwa kuti athetse zida - kaya molumikizana kapena mbali imodzi. Kuchoka ku misala kumodzi ndi mbali imodzi ndikuchita mwanzeru. Ndipo ine ndikukhulupirira ife tikhoza kuchita izo. Anthu omwe adakonza mwambowu lero pogwiritsa ntchito abolishnuclearweapons.org atha kulinganiza ena. Anzathu ku Ground Zero Center for Nonviolent Action amadziwa zomwe akuchita. Ngati tikufuna zojambulajambula zapagulu kuti uthenga wathu upite, Backbone Campaign yochokera ku Vashon Island ingathe kuthana nayo. Pachilumba cha Whidbey, bungwe la Whidbey Environmental Action Network ndi ogwirizana nawo angothamangitsa asilikali m'mapaki a boma, ndipo Sound Defense Alliance ikugwira ntchito kuti ndege za imfa zogawikana makutu zichoke m'mlengalenga.

Ngakhale timafunikira zolimbikitsa zambiri, pali zambiri kuposa zomwe timadziwa kale zikuchitika. Pa DefuseNuclearWar.org mupeza kukonzekera kukuchitika ku United States pazochitika zadzidzidzi zolimbana ndi zida zanyukiliya mu Okutobala.

Kodi tingathe kuchotsa zida za nyukiliya ndi kusunga mphamvu za nyukiliya? Ndikukayika. Kodi tingathe kuchotsa zida za nyukiliya ndikusunga mapiri a zida zopanda nyukiliya zomwe zili pazitsulo za 1,000 m'mayiko a anthu ena? Ndikukayika. Koma zomwe tingachite ndikutenga sitepe, ndikuwona gawo lililonse lotsatira likukula mosavuta, chifukwa mpikisano wa zida zankhondo umapangitsa kuti zikhale choncho, chifukwa maphunziro amapangitsa kuti zikhale choncho, komanso chifukwa kukwera kumapangitsa kuti zikhale choncho. Ngati pali chilichonse chomwe andale amakonda kuposa kutenthetsa mizinda yonse ndikupambana. Ngati zida za nyukiliya ziyamba kupambana zitha kuyembekezera kuti abwenzi ambiri akwere.

Koma pakali pano palibe membala m'modzi wa Congress waku US yemwe watsekereza khosi lawo kuti apeze mtendere, kaya ndi caucus kapena phwando. Kuvota kocheperako nthawi zonse kumakhala ndi mphamvu zomveka, koma palibe zosankha pamavoti aliwonse omwe amaphatikiza kupulumuka kwa anthu - zomwe zimangotanthauza kuti - monga m'mbiri yonse - tiyenera kuchita zambiri kuposa kuvota. Zomwe sitingathe kuchita ndikulola misala yathu kukhala yankhanza, kapena kuzindikira kwathu kukhala zakupha, kapena kukhumudwa kwathu kukhala kusintha kwa udindo. Uwu ndi udindo wathu wonse, kaya timakonda kapena ayi. Koma ngati titachita zonse zomwe tingathe, tikugwira ntchito mdera lathu, tili ndi masomphenya a dziko lamtendere komanso lopanda zida zanyukiliya patsogolo pathu, ndikuganiza kuti titha kupeza zomwe takumana nazo kukhala zabwino. Ngati titha kupanga madera ochirikiza mtendere kulikonse ngati omwe takhala nawo m'mawa uno, titha kukhazikitsa mtendere.

Makanema ochokera ku chochitika ku Seattle ayenera kuwonekera njira iyi.